Application in the middle group “Boats float on the river”: how to use the lesson in an interesting way

Preparation for the application “Boats float on the river”

The success of an application lesson largely depends on its preparation. And here the leading role, of course, belongs to the teacher. After all, in the middle group, the guys still cannot prepare parts on their own.

Suitable materials

First of all, to create a composition you will need a base - a sheet of white A5 paper. The teacher also prepares colored paper for each child:

• long narrow stripes of blue, dark blue or gray (to create the image of a river) or ovals of the same colors (lake);
• paper rectangles of different colors (base for boats) of different sizes (approximate size 7X3 cm);
• scraps of colored paper for decorating boats (flags, portholes, etc.).

You can play with the base in a more interesting way - use blue or light blue cardboard, and give the traditional rectangle wavy edges. This will give the impression that the boat is actually rocking on the waves.

You can play with the base in an interesting way - give a traditional rectangle wavy edges

Of course, to work, preschoolers need scissors, glue, brushes, oilcloths and napkins.

Techniques and techniques used

Students in the middle group begin to work with scissors - they learn to cut parts in a straight line, as well as round corners. To create the look of a boat, you need to cut the corners on one side so that the rectangle turns into a trapezoid.

The preschooler's task is to cut off the corners of a rectangle so that it turns into a trapezoid

If the boat is supposed to have a sail, it can be designed in the form of a triangle or semicircle. In the first case, the child cuts a square diagonally, in the second option, the resulting part needs to round the corner, turning it into a semicircle.

To create a sail, the child will need to cut a triangle from a square, and then transform this figure into a semicircle

A semi-oval can also be obtained by cutting off the corners of a rectangle.

You can make a sail from a rectangle, turning it into a semi-oval

First, the teacher clarifies the shape of each part and demonstrates a sample. Children move their hand along the imaginary outline of an object in the air.

The finished boat can be decorated with a flag (triangle).

The finished compositions in the traditional version look something like this

When all the details are cut out, the teacher pays attention to the composition, discusses with the children how to beautifully arrange the boat on the base, depending on their number - one, two or three. After this, the skills of careful gluing are practiced: you need to apply the glue with a brush carefully, in a small amount, with the part being positioned with the colored side down.

Video: boat made of geometric shapes (process of application)

Unconventional applique

You can depict boats floating on the river not only using traditional techniques. Preschoolers can successfully use cut-out appliqué by creating an image from small pieces of randomly sized paper that are torn off by hand.

You can depict a boat using the broken applicative technique

Alternatively, this method can only depict a river or lake.

In the breaking technique you can only depict water

An interesting idea is to make a boat using the origami technique. You need to take the simplest option, when the image is obtained by folding a square and bending its edge. And the work will be complemented by waves from a satin ribbon (the child can easily glue it on, following the teacher’s instructions).

A sailboat can be made very easily using the origami technique, and waves made from satin ribbon will make the composition even more original

Unusual waves can be created from pieces of crumpled napkins. To do this, it is torn into small pieces, and lumps stick together. Another option is to crumple the napkin with your hands to form a flagellum, and then unfold it a little and glue it.

Interesting waves can be made from a crumpled napkin

A similar method is good for depicting clouds in the sky (cotton wool is also suitable for this).

Video: a boat with voluminous sails, sea foam made of cotton wool (the parts are prepared by an adult, and the child glues them on)

What can be added to the application?

Additional visual techniques will help you create an original composition of boats. So, the waves that rock the boat can be painted with watercolors or brighter gouache.

Waves can be painted with watercolors or gouache

Plasticineography also goes well with applique. Thus, plasticine can be used to represent the mast and portholes of a boat, as well as sea waves and a bright yellow sun in the sky.

Applique and plasticineography complement each other perfectly

Individualization of tasks

In fine arts classes, it is imperative to use an individual approach. So, for children who are not yet very good at handling scissors, you can offer to make only boats (hulls), and for those who are already good at cutting out parts - boats with a sail.

During the applique class, the teacher should actively encourage the manifestation of children's activity and creativity. Some children cope with any work quickly, so they definitely need to complicate the task even more - offer to supplement the composition with details: for example, cut out the sun and clouds from paper or decorate their boat with details. You can also give paints so that the child can depict rain or fish looking out of the water.

There are many options here. The main thing is to captivate the child so that his interest in creativity only becomes stronger.

Some children quickly and efficiently cope with basic work; they definitely need to be given additional tasks in order to maintain interest in creativity

Composition options based on theme

According to the visual arts program for the middle group, an application on the theme “Boats float on the river” is offered to preschoolers in October. The composition options are designated as “Fishing boats went to sea” and “Yachts on the lake”.

However, this lesson can be carried out in the spring, connecting the theme with spring streams, along which it is so fun to float paper boats (“A paper boat floats along a stream”).

You can make such an applique for Defender of the Fatherland Day - let it be a warship sailing on the waves, which the children will present as a gift to dad.

The lesson can also be associated with reading V. Suteev’s fairy tale “The Boat”, designating the topic as “A Boat for Animals”. This will be a more fabulous option, and instead of a sail, the teacher can offer each child a fresh or dried leaf of a tree.

The application can be timed to coincide with the reading of the fairy tale “The Ship” by V. Suteev and create the same image

Video: cartoon “Boat” (1956)

Tips for teachers on organizing appliqué classes in the middle group

In the middle group, one of the main educational and methodological tasks is the development of fine motor skills of the hands. When working with children 4–5 years old, the teacher must remember the words of the great Soviet teacher V.A. Sukhomlinsky that the origins of their talents are at the tips of children’s fingers. Middle preschool age is precisely that sensitive period when children are especially susceptible to developing the ability to coordinate the work of their eyes and hands, improve coordination of movements, and accuracy in their actions. Visual arts classes should be aimed at developing children's sensorimotor skills. At the same time, of course, the teacher should not forget that it is in the middle group that it is necessary to begin to lay the foundations of aesthetics.

Ideas for an unusual application

Children at this age are very receptive to everything new, interesting and unusual. Pedagogical ingenuity will tell the teacher that, along with traditional appliqué techniques, innovative ones can be used. Having shown a little imagination, you realize that a whole world for creativity is opening up, in which children will find new forms of working with paper, incorporating drawing techniques, and much more. We will offer several ideas for choosing materials for creating an application on the theme “Boats float on the river.” The teacher can use colored paper, napkins and cotton wool, natural materials (rowan berries, dry leaves, shells), various cereals and seeds, unusual materials (foam rubber, confetti).

In his work, a teacher must strive to make each lesson unusual and memorable, therefore the use of traditional techniques using only colored paper does not provide room for children's imagination and creative potential. It is important to remember this, since it is from such small grains that the child’s creative personality is formed. Non-traditional applique techniques will be a good help in this:

1. Make clouds from white crumpled napkins, and a sea from blue crumpled napkins.
2. Make a boat or sail out of confetti (by sprinkling or laying out one at a time).
3. Tear-off applique, when children use tear-off ribbons to make sea waves, and from small pieces they lay out a boat hull and a sail.
4. Make a boat hull from tear-off pieces of colored foam rubber.
5. Lay out the hull of the boat from rowan berries, and a leaf from the herbarium will serve as a sail.
6. Clouds can be made from cotton wool, semolina, rice, various seeds, and a boat can simply be made from colored paper.

These are just a few ideas that a teacher can use in their work during appliqué classes, turning a simple educational activity into an exciting journey into the world of creativity, where every child is a little creator and genius.

Motivation for creativity

During joint activities, the teacher can offer children who show special creative interest individual complex tasks or organize similar tasks in small groups of 2-3 people. For example, you can offer them a collective application with origami elements, calling it “Parade of Ships”; creating a holiday card as a gift for dad or brother using the 3D applique technique; appliqué using the cutting method; use of drawing methods (fish, sea creatures).

Composition plays an important role in the artistic and aesthetic development of children from a young age. In each subsequent age group, compositional solutions and tasks become more complex as children gain experience in visual arts. In the middle group, it is very important for the teacher to correctly tell the children how best to arrange the elements of the work and what colors to use. Such joint efforts will later bear fruit when children are able to independently think through compositional lines according to the proposed plot. In the second half of the school year, children master some decorative techniques in both drawing and appliqué. An interesting solution would be to decorate a boat or sail and create a collective composition “Holiday on the Water.”

At the beginning of the lesson, the teacher uses gaming techniques to activate children's cognitive activity. As a motivating start, you can use readings of poems on a marine theme, riddles about ships and sailing ships, hold a conversation about ships showing pictures, and model an interesting story using your favorite toys. The use of musical accompaniment plays a positive role in children’s perception of a new topic, inspires them to work productively, activates their imagination: children’s songs from cartoons and films about brave sailors and pirates, about ships and fishing boats, or just listen to the sound of the surf.

Note-taking plan

When drawing up lesson notes, you need to pay attention to the sequence and types of work that are planned to be involved and correctly allocate time for each educational stage:

1. Preliminary work (2–3 minutes)
2. Main part (10–13 minutes)
3. Physical education minute (1–2 minutes)
4. Final part (summarizing) (2 minutes)

Motivating start to class

In order for a child to do work with joy, he must be motivated. This can be done in different ways, for example, using a game character who comes to the children for class and asks for help.

This could be Leopold the cat. The hero reports that he was invited to visit the little mice, but they live far away. To reach them, you need to cross a wide river. And for this you need a boat. Of course, the kids will enthusiastically get to work to help the cat.

Some famous character, for example, Leopold the cat, comes to the guys and asks for help - they need to make him a boat

Another option is a telegram from Doctor Aibolit. Sick animals are waiting for him in Africa. But to go there, you need a ship with sails (after all, it’s a long way to sail).

You can start the lesson with a riddle to intrigue the children. For example, this option:

• A cap is floating along the river From a huge soldier The guys are waving their oars It’s not a cap, it’s... (a boat)

What follows is a discussion of what geometric shape the boat most resembles (a rectangle because it is long). As a result, the teacher invites the children to make their own boats.

Another way is for the teacher to invite the kids to use their imagination and draw a picture based on the poem. The poem “Ship” sounds:

• The boat sailed on the waves, the sail was rushing towards the clouds. The waves rose towards the side and crashed against the ship. Svetlana Sirena (Kotlyar)

Then a conversation is held on the poem, after which the children begin the creative process - creating an image of a paper boat.

You can start a conversation about spring, about how fun it is to launch boats along streams when the sun warms everything around with its warm rays.

To maintain the interest of preschoolers in the topic of application, the teacher must conduct appropriate finger gymnastics or physical education.

Table: finger gymnastics “The wind walks across the sea...”

Table: physical education (based on a poem by A. Barto)

Author's summary of a lesson on application in the middle group

HE. Mishchuk. Application lesson in the middle group “Sailing boats of friendship sail on the sea”

Teach children to dream. Teach them your imagination to draw, sculpt, cut out of paper.

Lesson notes on application

Step-by-step explanation of the work steps

The teacher should pay special attention to explaining all stages of the application:

1. Cut the boat out of a rectangle, cutting off the corners along the lines. (Figures 1, 2).
2. From a rectangle of a different color, cut out two triangles along a diagonal line. These are sails. Depending on the general level of preparation of children, sails can be prepared. (Figures 1, 2).
3. We round the corners of the yellow square, cutting out a circle for the sun. (Figures 3, 4).
4. Preparation of sea waves from blue or light blue paper. (Figure 5).
5. Place the composition on a sheet of paper. At the bottom there is a blank made of waves, in the center there is a boat, on it there are triangular sails with sharp corners upward. We place a sun in the upper left corner. We glue everything.
6. At the last stage of work, we take small pieces of cotton wool, spread glue on small areas of the sky and glue the cotton wool to make clouds. (Figure 6).

Photo: boat step by step

Blanks for a sailboat Blanks for a sailboat Yellow square Sun

Sea waves

Air clouds made of cotton wool

Pictures to show children

We're racing forward

Across the blue sea

White handsome man Blue ocean waves

Full speed ahead, quiet surface of the sea

Under sail

On the pier

Sunset and frigate

Examples of children's work: a boat floats on the river and waves

Break applique Seed applique

Application made of colored paper

Give it to dad

Facing technique

Similar applique

Three-dimensional applique Holiday card for dad

Application made from natural material Clouds made from napkins

Cereal application

Cereal application

Cereal application

The teacher’s ability to think creatively, the desire to introduce elements of novelty every time, and energy potential will certainly ignite a creative spark in every child, which will then very easily be turned into a blazing creative fire of unusual ideas, ideas, non-standard compositional solutions, and developed sensory motor skills will allow the embodiment of inexhaustible fantasy flow into neat and beautiful works, individual and collective. Children will feel like artists, creators, creating small masterpieces not only from familiar materials, but also from very unusual ones. Teach children to create!

Photo gallery of finished works - ideas for teachers

The application is combined with gouache painting and plasticineography

The applique is combined with drawing with wax crayons. A combination of applique (boats made using origami) and drawing (the sky and reeds)

Original waves are made from strips using the breaking technique

Simple origami, which is complemented by drawing

Application in the form of a postcard for dad with original waves (the teacher prepares them)

A broken applique with filling in a drawn template. Children fill in the drawn outline with pieces of paper; sails made from bright fragments look colorful

Applique classes should practice and improve the visual skills of preschoolers, as well as expand their horizons and knowledge about the shape of surrounding objects. Thus, the theme of a boat or a boat sailing along a river can be played out in a very interesting way, using the right motivation and using unusual materials.

How to make a ship out of shells with your own hands

Did you bring a lot of shells from the sea? They can be used and beautifully decorated by making a boat out of shells. Resorts sell ready-made souvenirs in the form of ships made of shells, but it is much nicer to put on a shelf a craft made by your child.

Materials:

• Big shell
• Small shells
• Super glue
• Braid

Come up with a diagram of your ship.

Place several shells in a row with a toothpick. It will look more beautiful if you arrange the shells according to size - wider at the bottom and smaller at the top.

Lubricate a toothpick with glue and attach the shells. Let's leave it to dry.

Let's attach these sails to a large shell. The base of the toothpick should be generously coated with glue.

We use a chain or gold braid. We wrap it around the mast. To ensure that the boat stands level, you can glue a large shell onto a piece of wood or a flat stone.