The Tale of the Tall Oak
Once upon a time there was a boy Alyosha. He was very cheerful and loved adventure. Mom was always very worried and worried about him, because Alyosha was terribly naughty.
One day Alyosha was walking in the yard. It was still very early, and none of the friends came out. Some were having breakfast, some were sleeping, and some were getting sick and sitting sadly by the window, looking out onto the street.
In the middle of the yard there was an old, old oak tree. It was so huge that when the guys joined hands, they could barely wrap their arms around its rough trunk. Many interesting and mysterious stories were told about this oak tree. Most of all, Alyosha liked the story of the janitor Uncle Petya that at the very top of the oak tree there are more than just twigs and leaves. There is an entire country hidden from prying eyes. On the branches lies a large fluffy cloud, and on it are meadows, fields, forests and a whole city. Only everything is very small. And magical gnomes live in this country. They watch the yard and sometimes come down to fulfill the wishes of some good and obedient child. Alyosha waited a long time for the little gnome to visit him. But Alyosha didn’t really listen to his mother, so the gnomes didn’t come to him.
Alyosha is bored in the yard alone, and he thinks:
- While there is no one, I’ll climb the oak tree, catch the gnome and make a wish for him. At the same time, I’ll see a magical land, and then I’ll have something to tell the kids about.
As always, Alyosha completely forgot that his mother strictly forbade him to climb high.
“You’re still small,” my mother said. – Don’t climb onto the windowsill, otherwise you might fall and get a huge bump. And if the window is open, then you can even fall out onto the street. Evil elves live on the roof. As soon as some naughty little boy leans out of the window, they immediately pick him up and carry him far, far away. Never before have any of the children carried away by the elves returned home. And you can’t climb the fence or trees. Elves are always on the alert. If you haven’t climbed very high, then they will simply fly up and push you, you will fall and hit yourself painfully. But if you climbed high from the ground, then their magic will be enough to take you to them forever.
- Why are they pushing? - Alyosha was surprised.
“Just out of spite,” my mother answered. - After all, they are evil!
“I’ll never climb high,” thought Alyosha. And then he forgot his promise.
He forgot about his mother and the elves. He really wanted to climb the oak tree and catch the gnome.
Alyosha took the ladder and climbed to the first branch. And then from branch to branch, higher and higher. He began to approach the top of the old oak tree. Alyosha climbed the oak tree for a long, long time. But the top still didn’t come any closer. But the earth remained somewhere far below. Alyosha grabbed the trunk and sat down to rest. Sits and thinks:
“I shouldn’t have come here.” Now if I catch the gnome, I will have to ask him to lower me to the ground. It turns out to be some kind of uninteresting desire. Okay, at least I’ll see the magical city.
Suddenly the branch next to him shook. Someone stirred in the green foliage.
“Oh,” Alyosha was scared. - This is probably an evil elf. Now he's going to push me down!
Alyosha began to hastily descend, but his foot slipped and he fell head over heels.
The evil elves did not have time to grab him, because he caught his pants on a long strong branch and hung in the air.
He looks down, but the ground is not visible. Somewhere far, far away people are talking, a dog is barking, cars are beeping, and he is hanging, and is about to fall down.
Alyosha got scared and started calling for help. He screams and thinks:
- What if the elves hear and fly after me?
I thought so and fell silent. And the branch is already completely bent, about to break.
- Who is here? – suddenly a rude voice rang out.
Alyosha is hiding, afraid to breathe.
“That’s it,” he thinks. - That's right, the evil elf came for me.
Then the branches parted and Alyosha saw a black beard and shaggy eyebrows.
- A-ah-ah! - Alyosha shouted. - Help!
“I’ll help you now,” the head answered and a huge hand appeared from the green foliage.
“Don’t touch me, don’t touch me,” Alyosha began to flounder.
- Why did you come here? – his head asked angrily, and his hand grabbed his pants tightly.
“Catch gnomes,” Alyosha whined.
“I see,” she nodded. - So I am the main gnome.
“If you really are a gnome, then lower me to the ground,” Alyosha asked. And then he added: “Only gnomes are small.”
“I ate well and grew big,” answered the dwarf and dragged him down with him.
They went down from the old oak tree for a long, long time, and when they came down, it turned out that the whole yard had gathered around the tree.
-Where is the gnome? - Alyosha asked the janitor Uncle Petya.
- He returned home, he has no time to deal with you here. He has already fulfilled your wish.
Alyosha raised his head and looked at the tall oak tree, the top of which was higher than the house.
- Well? - Uncle Petya furrowed his shaggy eyebrows. – Will you climb another tree?
- No. You can't climb high at all. That's what my mother told me.
“Well done,” the janitor grinned into his black beard. - You have to listen to your mother.
How to explain safety rules based on fairy tales: 7 dangerous situations
Children's fairy tales are simply a storehouse of hints, both direct and subtle. The main thing is to skillfully turn them in the right direction when talking with children.
Journalist Natalya Kalashnikova asked child psychologist and child safety specialist Olga Bochkova about how to see famous fairy tales from the right angle and decipher the messages in them.
"The Wizard of the Emerald City", Alexander Volkov
Illustration by Leonid Vladimirsky
Rule #1: Ignoring safety rules is reckless!
""Storm, a terrible storm is coming! - he shouted. “Hurry up and hide in the cellar, and I’ll run and drive the cattle into the barn!” Anna rushed to the cellar and threw back the lid. - “Ellie, Ellie! Hurry here! “- she shouted. But Totoshka, frightened by the roar of the storm and the incessant peals of thunder, ran into the house and hid there under the bed, in the farthest corner. Ellie did not want to leave her pet alone and rushed into the van after him. “I read in my magic book that the house is always empty during a storm...” Ellie answered embarrassedly: “It’s true, madam, during hurricanes we hide in the cellar, but I ran into the house to get my dog...” - “My there was no way the magic book could have foreseen it!”
If you need to hide in the cellar during a storm, do so; an unjustified risk can have very serious and dangerous consequences. Unfortunately, even wizards cannot foresee such recklessness.
Rule #2: Free cheese only comes in a mousetrap
“Suddenly Ellie noticed a pillar ahead and on it a board with the inscription: “Traveler, hurry up!” Around the bend of the road, all your wishes will come true!!!” Ellie read the inscription and was surprised. - "What is this? Am I going to go straight from here to Kansas, to Mom and Dad?” Ellie was delighted, forgot about everything in the world and rushed forward. Toto followed her with a cheerful bark.”
If you are offered to fulfill all your wishes somewhere around the corner, stop and think: is this a verified source, and why would it fulfill the wishes of all people it does not know? The greater the promise, the greater the disappointment, and even with the danger to life, as happened with Ellie.
Rule #3: Never go far from your parents if you are in an unfamiliar place
“The Tin Woodman and the Scarecrow, carried away by the same interesting argument about which is better - the heart or the brains, did not notice that Ellie had run away, and walked peacefully along the road. Suddenly they heard the girl’s scream and Toto’s angry bark.”
This passage is good for parents - sometimes children take seconds to get into trouble, be careful and don't let your child go a step. Better yet, teach him safety rules!
Rule #4: Only a coward attacks the defenseless and weak
“This peaceful conversation was interrupted by a thunderous roar. A huge lion jumped out onto the road. With one blow he threw the Scarecrow into the air; he flew head over heels and fell on the edge of the road, spread out like a rag. The Lion hit the Tin Woodman with his paw, but the claws creaked on the iron, and the Woodman sat down from the push, and the crater flew off his head. Tiny Totoshka boldly rushed at the enemy. The huge beast opened its mouth to swallow the dog, but Ellie boldly ran forward and blocked Toto with herself. - “Stop! Don’t you dare touch Toto!” – she shouted angrily. Leo froze in amazement. “Sorry,” Lev justified himself. “But I didn’t eat it...” “However, you tried. Shame on you for offending the weak! You're just a coward! - “Ah... how did you know that I’m a coward? – asked the stunned Lev. “Did anyone tell you?..”.”
A coward, in order to appear brave, gets into a fight first, hoping to scare the enemy, whom he himself is very afraid of. If someone intimidates or bullies you, behave confidently, do not be afraid and do not let yourself be offended. Better yet, leave the offender.
"Masha and the Bear", Russian folk tale
Still from the film strip “Masha and the Bear”, 1966
Rule #5: When going into the woods, be prepared.
“Here Mashenka - tree by tree, bush by bush - and went far, far away from her friends. She started calling around and calling them. But my girlfriends don’t hear, they don’t respond. Mashenka walked and walked through the forest - she got completely lost.”
The rules for gathering in the forest are the simplest:
bright clothes, charged phone, compass, whistle;
You can move away from each other a maximum of two meters.
And if you get lost:
stop, look around and call for help;
leaving your place, especially looking for the road at random, is extremely dangerous and you don’t know where it might lead!
How to protect your child from danger during the summer holidays: LisaAlert's memo
"The Ugly Duckling", Hans Christian Andersen
Still from the cartoon "The Ugly Duckling", Walt Disney Studios, 1939
Rule No. 6: Do not tolerate empty criticism and rude treatment
“”If we don’t understand, then who will understand you! You obviously want to be smarter than the cat and our mistress, not to mention me! Don't be a fool and be grateful for everything they did for you! You were sheltered, warmed up, you found yourself in a society in which you can learn something. But you are an empty head, and there is no point in talking to you. Believe me! I wish you well, that’s why I scold you. This is what true friends always do. Try to lay eggs or learn to purr and throw sparks!” - “I think it’s better for me to leave here wherever my eyes look!” - said the duckling.
The conclusion here is obvious: if someone tries to tell you something similar to what the chicken said to the ugly duckling, be sure to do the same as this wise guy! Get away from this place and this person!
"The Tale of the Dead Princess and the Seven Knights", Alexander Pushkin
Still from the cartoon “The Tale of the Dead Princess and the Seven Knights”, 1951
Rule No. 7: When going for a walk, warn your parents.
"Nothing to do. She, / Full of black envy, / Throwing the mirror under the bench, / Called Chernavka to her, / And punishes her / Her hay girl / To tell the princess into the wilderness of the forest / And, tying her up, leave her alive / Under a pine tree / To be devoured by the wolves. / Can the devil deal with an angry woman? / There is no point in arguing. With the princess / So Chernavka went into the forest / And brought her to such a distance / That the princess guessed / And was scared to death.”
If you are going for a walk, even with someone you know, warn your loved ones about who you are going with and where. In the case of the princess, her father would have known who to go to first with the question of what happened to his daughter.
Chernavka, although she treated the Princess kindly, carried out the order, and was ready to kill her. It is very rare, but it happens in life that a person who knows you and treats you with sympathy can do evil. We cannot suspect everyone, but we can learn to follow the rule - if someone calls you somewhere, “first check with your loved ones if you can go.”
More reading on the topic:
9 cartoons that teach children important things
How to talk to your child about safety so that it doesn’t turn into “parental neediness”
10 books with the same illustrations from childhood that you can buy now
Who are we and where can you read us?
After all, we have not only a website!
A tale about electric current
Alyosha was sitting at home one day. Mom didn't allow him to go for a walk because it was raining outside and it was very cold. Alyosha lay in his room on the carpet and played war. When he had defeated all the enemies, he became bored and began to look around in search of something interesting to do. At first he wanted to climb onto the windowsill, but then he remembered that he couldn’t climb high. And there was nothing interesting on the floor. He closed his eyes and began to play the “dark maze”. Alyosha crawled on all fours along the wall and, bumping into toys with his hands, tried to guess what he had found. He crawled and crawled, and suddenly his hand came across something round. Alyosha opened his eyes and saw a socket. She looked like a funny little face with two round eyes. He looked at her for a long time. The holes were like two mysterious caves.
“Interesting,” thought Alyosha. - What if someone lives there?
He, of course, remembered that his mother strictly forbids touching the sockets, because they contain electric current. But the holes were dark and mysterious. Alyosha tried to look there first with one eye, then with the other. Then he pressed his ear to the socket and closed his eyes: what if magical people live there, who are now hiding in the dark and whispering?
But it was quiet inside. Alyosha opened his eyes and was surprised. It was dark all around. A mysterious light flickered far ahead. He was so beautiful and looked like a small distant star. Alyosha was delighted and ran to meet him. He ran and ran, and the light was getting closer. Suddenly Alyosha noticed that another one had appeared next to him. And again, and again. There were as many lights as there were stars in the sky. They sparkled and shimmered like festive fireworks.
- How beautiful! - thought Alyosha. The lights floated towards him. There was already a whole cloud of them. Alyosha stopped and squinted. In the darkness he saw tiny figures. This sparkling cloud was hovering just above them.
- These are little people! – the boy suddenly realized.
These really were magical people. In their hands they had tiny sharp sticks, at the tips of which fiery sparks sparkled. And the eyes of the little men also burned brightly in the darkness. Only their faces were terrible. As soon as Alyosha saw their evil, wrinkled faces, he immediately wanted to run away from here as far as possible.
He ran along a dark road, and behind him the light grew stronger and brighter. Alyosha saw that he was running along a black stone wall. Behind the wall, something hummed and growled, as if thousands of terrible evil animals were rushing to freedom there.
Screams were also heard from behind. The sparkling crowd was approaching with incredible speed. Alyosha ran with all his might, but the little men overtook him. They were already reaching for his feet and stinging him with their sharp spears. Alyosha ran and ran, and two light circles appeared ahead. The closer they became, the more clearly Alyosha understood that these were two windows of an electrical outlet, through which magical forces pulled him into this dark kingdom. And the evil little men, like ants, were already crawling over him and painfully stabbing him with their fiery sticks. Alyosha closed his eyes and with the last of his strength jumped into the socket hole.
He sits on the floor: his clothes are burnt in some places, all full of holes, his burnt skin hurts, and sparks flicker in the depths of the socket. And a quiet evil voice is heard:
- Come, come to the outlet!
- Well, I do not! – Alyosha answered and crawled away from the outlet. “I won’t go near electricity now.”
He sat on the floor and, limping, went to his mother. From then on he never touched the socket again.
Tales of ingenuity (fairy tales in which children mobilize in dangerous situations and save themselves).
“The Tale of a Smart Mouse”, Samuel Marshak
Even if you fall into the clutches of a cat, you can not get confused, but concentrate: think and save yourself!
“Tulka, the little fish and the big dreamer”, Julia Donaldson
I also had to figure out that I could unravel the tangle of stories about myself and get to the original source (that is, home)!
“The Adventures of Duk-Du”, Valentina Putilina
“So Duk-du got out into the Far Forest, and everything is familiar to him there, it’s not for nothing that his mother taught him to find the way by all sorts of signs” - and other situations where the little squirrel Duk-du remembers what his mother taught him, this helps him calm down , and be saved.
Books are a treasure trove of what not to do
“The Kid and Carlson, who lives on the roof”, Astrid Lindgren
Actually, this book is written about how not to... It was Soviet animation that made Carlson a positive hero, in whom many adults found their “inner child.” The book can be disassembled page by page... If you find a stranger in your room, run to an adult and tell them! And so on.
“The Adventures of Emil from Lenneberga”, Astrid Lindgren
“Don’t put the tureen on your head” and so on.
“Elysium”, Alix and the Coins”, Alexander Anderson
There is no point in flying off to an unknown destination with whom it is not clear, and for parents to leave and leave their children at home. The book was recognized as the most mysterious Russian book of 2014, by the way.
Musically themed fairy tale for older preschoolers with elements of life safety for preschoolers
A musical-themed fairy tale with elements of life safety for preschoolers “The Adventures of the Wolf”
Description: the script of a musical-themed fairy tale with elements of life safety for children of senior preschool age will be useful for educators and music directors of preschool institutions. In a playful way, children reinforce basic rules of behavior: traffic rules, fire safety rules, contacts with strangers, personal safety rules. Can be used as a final lesson. Goal: development of creative abilities, enrichment of children's musical impressions, creation of a positive emotional holiday atmosphere.
Objectives:
To give children an idea of behavior with strangers; Strengthen your knowledge of traffic rules; Give an idea of fire safety rules; Consolidate the knowledge and skills acquired during the year, continue to develop the ability to expressively and emotionally perform familiar songs and dances; Activate imagination, memory, attention and thinking when participating in all types of musical activities; Continue to teach children how to perform joint musical activities. Equipment: The music room is divided into zones: Mother Goat's House; City street with a pedestrian crossing; Forest hive. Character costumes: Goat, kids, wolf, 3 ants, 3 pigs, 3 bees, Little Red Riding Hood, flowers, Aibolit, squirrel. Attributes: Fire hose;
Impromptu zebra crossing; Worm (soft toy); Traffic light; Goat basket; Road signs; A book about traffic rules. Dear viewers, guests and parents, Today we invite you to a wonderful, wonderful forest.
The forest dwellers will show you diligently, That safety of life is important to all of you. There are little goats sitting on chairs in front of the house. Mother Goat with a basket in her hands sings: Oh, little goats, you guys, You are left without a mother.
I’ll go to the garden to get cabbage, Maybe the Wolf will come - I feel it in my heart. But so that the Wolf does not eat you, Listen, children, my order: Do not let a stranger into the house, Do not open the door for the Wolf! 1 Kid: Don't worry, mommy, everything will be fine. We know from a fairy tale - the Wolf is terribly ugly! Little goats dance the Charleston
After the dance, the little goats enter the house.
Wolf (singing): Open the door quickly for mother, I’m tired, I’m hungry, like an animal. 2 Little goat (singing): We won’t open the door to a stranger, Because you are not a mother, but a terrible beast. Wolf (sings in a thin voice): Hey, my little goats, I brought you cabbage, Open it quickly, otherwise the string bag is heavy. 3 Little Goat: Get away from us quickly, we won’t open the door for the Wolf. This should be clear to everyone, even to those who go to the nursery. 4 Kid: We won’t let a stranger home, even if he has cabbage!
Wolf: I can’t deceive the kids, I’d better find someone else. Lunch is approaching, guys, and here are the Piglets! Three Little Pigs come out (they walk along the pedestrian crossing, singing to the melody of the song “Vernissage”).
1.And I am an exemplary pedestrian, I know every crossing.
2. and 3. When the three of us walk together. 1. And I follow the rules, I’m as safe as a hedgehog, 2. and 3. When we take you with us. 1. But because everyone knows that you can’t walk on the roads and highways 2. and 3. Three of us will die. First look to the left, then cross - Remember this forever! Wolf (singing) : I can’t even believe my eyes, how much I was waiting for this landscape. There are even three of them - not just one, we’ll eat pork for lunch.
Piglets: 1. Save, brothers, this is the Wolf, he knows a lot about Piglets, 2. and 3. Don’t be afraid, brother, we are with you. 1. Tell me, brothers, what should we do, how can we outwit the Wolf? 2. and 3. Ah, there is no peace with this Wolf! 3. Hurray, I figured out what we should do, how we can outwit the Wolf, 1. Tell me quickly, I’m worried. 3. How our good uncle Traffic Light has helped us so far... 1. and 2. Then let’s run to him quickly! The piglets run up to the traffic light:
Ah, traffic light, ah, traffic light!
Our good friend from a long time! There is no escape from the Wolf, He wants to eat us for lunch. Traffic light: He doesn’t know the road rules, he breaks them all the time. So he offended you too, all this is similar to him. Magic wand, wave it three times, turn the piglets into colorful lights! (Multi-colored circles appear in the hands of the Piglets
)
Piglets: I am green! I am yellow! I am red! Together: That's great, that's great! Traffic light: Now we don’t have to be afraid of the Wolf, Now we can laugh at the Wolf. The Wolf does not know, it is clear to everyone and without dispute, why three colors are needed for a traffic light. The piglets are running around the Wolf (he is spinning, clutching his head) Wolf: Where are the piglets, there is no trace of them, They were here recently, but now they are gone. Well, where did they hide so quickly? Only colorful lights sparkle all around. What does each light mean? I have no idea why they are blinking. Red is the brightest, I’ll go there, Maybe there’s food waiting for me at last! The wolf gets hit by a car. Wolf: Oh, what misfortunes, I have only misfortunes! You must tell me why three different colors are needed here. Traffic light: The strictest one is the red light, it is on - there is no road!
They know everything perfectly well, moving is dangerous. The yellow light is flashing, it warns: Don’t rush, wait, you’ll be on your way soon. And the green light is shining - even children know, He tells us all: “Go, the way is open!” Children perform “The Pedestrian Song” by S. G. Narsaulenko).
1 little pig: Well, okay, we have already forgiven you, and we decided to give you a book. You will find all the rules of the road in this book without a doubt! Wolf (leaves through the book): No, when the Wolf is hungry, reading is not good for him. I can’t deceive the piglets, I’d better find someone else. Here is a handsome fungus, I’ll light a fire. To start a fire, you need to find matches. He finds matches in his pocket, “lights a fire,” and runs away with balloons attached to his leg, simulating fire. Wolf: Oh, fire is hot on my heels, and it’s all my fault. Help, help, save me from the fire! Ants come out and carry a worm. Presenter: Hard workers - Ants, help Little Wolf put out the forest fire so that it doesn’t become a disaster for everyone! One, two, three, four - Ants, line up! Ants: We always rush to help, because we are a squad!
We are a rescue squad, young friends of firefighters, And everyone says about us: “Wonderful guys”! Performed “Dance of the Ants” (Polka by V. Veresokina)
“Song of the Firemen” (Music by G. Vikhareva)
Little Red Riding Hood appears.
“Dance of Flowers” (music by R. Gazizov)
Wolf: Where are you rushing, girl, and why are you silent now? What's in your basket? Your breakfast, apparently, give it quickly! Little Red Riding Hood: I’m going to see my grandmother, she’s sick, she’s feeling bad. Wolf: Where does grandma live? Little Red Riding Hood: There, behind the forest... Squirrel (in her ear): That animal is not familiar to you. Don’t trust the Evil Wolf. Keep your grandmother's address - don't tell anyone. Wolf: That’s where I’ll go, I’ll find her grandmother. I need a shorter path, I’ll get there somehow. The wolf approaches the hive:
Apparently I have already arrived, I found the old woman’s house.
That's all, I rushed over, hello, my grandmother! The bees sting the Wolf.
“Bee ditties”
Wolf: Oh, why did bees bite me, After all, I’m so good and cheerful? How painfully the wounds ache, Yes, I’m crying bitterly! Aibolit: I’m coming to your aid, I am Doctor Aibolit! Wolf: I’m not ready to be treated, I don’t like doctors. Presenter : Doctors help both adults and children, Like the kindest people in the world. Doctors ease the suffering around you, thank them for that, my friend! (The wolf is obediently treated) The participants of the fairy tale come out. Presenter: The idea of this fairy tale, or maybe not a fairy tale, will be understood not only by children, but even by the gray Wolf. Kid: Don't talk to a stranger - it can be dangerous! If the adults have left, don’t come to the door! Piglet: Who knows all the traffic rules. without a doubt. He can live in peace, he’s just great! 1 Ant: For fun and games, don’t pick up matches! Don't joke, my friend, with fire, so as not to regret it later. 3 ant: Don’t light the fire yourself, and don’t let others! Even a tiny flame is not far from a fire. Little Red Riding Hood: I have learned the lesson forever, That you can’t give someone else’s address! Belka: So that you are always healthy, don’t be afraid of doctors! Even if we are small in stature, but height has nothing to do with it, we will learn these rules, we will take them with us into life!
We recommend watching:
Scenario of a puppet theater in kindergarten Synopsis of a theater lesson in a preparatory group Theatrical sketch for children of senior preschool age. Scenario A theatrical performance based on the fairy tale Mitten in the senior speech therapy group of a preschool educational institution. Scenario
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Theatrical performance script for middle school children
Firefly and cloud elephants
Nikita and her mother lived in the country in the summer. One day my mother went to her neighbor’s house to buy milk.
“Just be careful,” she says to Nikita, “don’t be mischievous, don’t play with matches... The boy is left alone.” There is no television in the village hut. I was tired of the toys that I had brought from the city; Nikita even abandoned his beloved Elephant, a garden watering can, in the yard.
“Why,” the boy thinks, “did my mother forbid playing with matches?” He took the boxes from the table. He shook it, brought it to his ear... And suddenly, instead of the rustle of matches, I heard a thin voice creaking:
- Come on, let me out now!
- Who is speaking? - Nikita was surprised.
“Open it, you’ll see,” they answered from the box. The boy pushed the lid slightly, and immediately a tiny red-haired man in a red jacket jumped out onto the table.
- Now feed me! - the redhead demanded.
Nikita put out potatoes, cucumbers, sour cream. The strange guest laughed raspily:
- No, I don’t eat that. Hand me the paper!
The boy brought an old newspaper. The little man grabbed her and - whoop, whoop! — ate to the last shred.
- Oh, I’ve become more strong! - the red-haired man exclaimed. Indeed, he grew up, and his red hair began to move... Suddenly he jumped, crumpled the tablecloth, pulled the curtains off the window - and put it all into his mouth. He grinned maliciously and began to chew on the corner of the table.
The hut was filled with heat and acrid smoke. Nikita began to choke and crawled on all fours towards the door. And the red-haired man danced on the table, scattering burning sparks in all directions. There would be trouble if it were not for the garden watering can. The elephant noticed the smoke and immediately realized that the red Ognevik was in charge of the hut. And even though he was previously a simple garden watering can, the Elephant stood up on four legs, scooped up water from the barrel and stomped to put out the fire. Is it possible for such a kid to cope with a fire alone? The fireman only laughed at him.
Then the Elephant stood in the middle of the yard, raised his trunk-spout to the sky and began to call his brothers - the cloud elephants. Large elephant clouds flew in, gathered into a huge cloud and filled the burning hut with rain. All that was left of the evil Ognevik was nothing.
Nikita looked around - black and black in the hut. Now mom will come and see...
- Nikita! Nikita! Why are you crying in your sleep? Wake up, try fresh milk... What is this in your hands? I told you, don’t play with matches!
To understand the problem I have posed, several definitions should be given. The fairy tale in the dictionary is interpreted as one of the main genres of oral folk poetry, an epic, predominantly prosaic work of art of a magical, adventurous or everyday nature with a focus on fiction [2].
Safety culture is “the ways of reasonable human life in the field of security, the results of this life and the degree of development of the individual and society in this area” [4].
Now, having understood the key terms, let's move on to the essence of the problem, namely the influence of fairy tales on the formation of a culture of human safety.
A fairy tale, as a way of learning, development and education, is one of the most ancient methods. It was through fairy tales that our ancestors passed on their life experiences, traditions and customs to the younger generation. As Elena Korovina writes: “Every nation has fairy tales, because the process of their creation is the self-understanding of this people” [1].
When listening or reading fairy tales, children immediately strive to identify positive characters and unconditionally accept their positions. Those characters who interfere with the implementation of their plans begin to look negative. And their favorite heroes become role models. Children begin to copy their idols, their behavior, style of speech and how they behave in a given situation. Including those that may pose a threat to their safety.
It is worth noting that some exercises can have a significant impact on the formation of a child’s safety culture. One of the most famous is the analysis of a fairy tale. The child answers questions such as: who are the main characters, what are they like, what happened to them, why did they act this way, what would you do in their place, why and what does this fairy tale teach us. Parents who work with their child in this way gradually lay down a knowledge base that will further form a culture of safety.
The plot in fairy tales is often the same, in principle, as is the moral, but there are still differences. This was noted by the famous Russian folklorist: “Folklore, and in particular the fairy tale, is not only uniform, but despite its uniformity it is extremely rich and diverse” [3].
Let's now look at the examples of fairy tales that teach safety culture.
Among such works is the fairy tale “The Boy with Thumb”. We know about the adventures of this hero from the tale of the great storyteller Charles Perrault. His version is considered classic. The youngest son, who was nicknamed Little Thumb because of his small stature, saves himself and his brothers in an impenetrable, scary forest. To find his way home, along the way he threw white pebbles in the forest, which would remain visible even in the grass. It was along these stones that Little Thumb led all the children out of the forest to their home. The smart kid not only saves his brothers, but also brings home a lot of money. What is the moral of this tale? And what can she teach? Yes, because the salvation of drowning people is the work of the drowning people themselves. Sometimes you shouldn’t rely on others, but act on your own. Doesn't this help create a culture of safety?
Next you can talk about the fairy tale “Geese and Swans”. This fairy tale is loved by many. Our parents have been telling us this since childhood. But for what? Does it also help create a safety culture? Certainly. After all, if you obey your elders, you will be able to avoid troubles and dangers. But isn’t safety the most important thing in every person’s life?
Let's remember the fairy tale about Winnie the Pooh, one of the funniest and most amazing stories in the world. The author of this work is the English writer Alan Milne; it was “retold” into Russian by the Russian storyteller Boris Zakhoder. The fairy tale gained fame and popular love immediately after it was published. The funny bear cub has become a favorite hero of many children and adults. I think everyone remembers this fairy tale, and there’s no need to even retell it. Perhaps we should recall the episode when Winnie the Pooh flies in his balloon to the bees for honey (the most important delicacy for a bear in the world). In my opinion, this episode is a clear example of insecurity. Is it worth exposing yourself to danger, even for the sake of something desired, but which you can do without? This is exactly the lesson that can be learned from the fairy tale. Before you take risks for anything, you should think about the level of security of the planned enterprise. And this is one of the key factors of human safety culture.
And finally, we should remember the fairy tales about Little Red Riding Hood and the wolf and the seven kids. At first glance, it is not clear what unites these tales. But if you learn to read between the lines, then the hidden meaning of these works really catches your eye. Firstly, these fairy tales teach that you need to obey your parents, otherwise it can lead to danger. Secondly, you should try to avoid communicating with unfamiliar people. This knowledge certainly helps create a safety culture.
We conducted a survey among the younger generation in the age group of 12–19 years about their knowledge of fairy tales and their influence on the formation of a safety culture. A pattern was identified that the older the representatives of this group, the more they understand and appreciate fairy tales than at the age of twelve. Perhaps, at the first stage of adolescence, children are more concerned with the desire to become an adult, so they stop reading fairy tales, as they perceive them as an easy children's genre, without fully appreciating the significant semantic load, in particular the aspect of safety culture. No wonder Pushkin said: “The fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it! Whoever learns, learns a lesson.”
Bibliography
1. Do we know our favorite fairy tales? Hidden meaning encrypted by storytellers. Reading between the lines/E.A. Korovina. – M.: ZAO Publishing House Tsentrpoligraf, 2013.–381 p., ill.
2. Literary encyclopedic dictionary, 1988
3. Propp V.Ya. Historical roots of the Magic Tale, Leningrad, 1946
4. Modern complex of security problems / Ed. V.V. Sapronova. - M., 2009
Source: Facets of safety pedagogy: materials of the All-Russian scientific conference, Ekaterinburg, April 25, 2014 / comp. and general ed. A. N. Pavlova; Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "UrSPU". – Ekaterinburg, 2014. – 92 p.
