MAGAZINE Preschooler.RF
Summary of a lesson on traffic rules in the preparatory group “Road rules - everyone should know without exception”Prepared by teacher: Molchanova Vera Alekseevna “MDOU Kindergarten No. 32” 2021.
Integration of educational areas: “Safety” , “Physical Education” , “Music” , “Cognition” , “Communication” , “Socialization” .
Goal: to form the basics of safe behavior on the street in children of senior preschool age.
Tasks:
Educational:
- improve children's knowledge about traffic rules, traffic signals and the need to comply with them for safety purposes
- systematize children's knowledge about road signs and rules for crossing the street
- consolidate children's knowledge about the work of traffic police officers.
Educational:
- develop the basics of traffic literacy in children, expand children’s knowledge about traffic lights, the meaning of traffic lights.
- develop children's ideas about specialized transport.
Progress of the lesson:
Educator: You guys are going through,
Look at each other
Say hello with your palms
Smile a little, everyone.
- Hello, dear guests!
- Guys, today I invite you to take a trip to the land of rules. Along the way we have to show our knowledge and learn a lot of new and useful things. But you will find out what rules we will talk about in class when you solve the riddle.
People don’t walk around the city or on the street just like that
When you don't know the rules, it's easy to get into trouble
Be attentive at all times and remember in advance
The driver and the pedestrian have their own rules.
— Tell me, what rules are we talking about?
— Of course, about the rules of the road. There were not always road rules, just as there was not always the transport that we see today on the streets of our city.
— Come to the stand, I want to tell you the history of the development of transport and traffic rules.
For many years, people dreamed of flying carpets, walking boots, and good wizards who could reach the ends of the world in an instant. These dreams were embodied in fairy tales, but in reality it took long weeks and months to overcome distances, because there was no transport, people walked and carried loads in their hands.
But over time, man tamed the animals and taught them to transport goods and people.
— What animals do you know that can be used to transport cargo and ride? (Horse, donkey, camel, bull, elephant, dogs, deer, buffaloes, oxen) This is how horse-drawn transport appeared. Horse-drawn transport is a type of road (trackless) transport, both freight and passenger, in which vehicles (carts) are driven by animals. The tug is a loop in the harness that connects the collar with the shafts and the arc.
This to some extent made life easier for humans, but sometimes animals could not cope with this work and it was necessary to look for another way to transport large loads. This is how log rollers appeared. Rolling a load on log rollers is much easier than dragging it along the ground. A platform with a load was placed on the logs, the logs rolled and the platform moved. This was not very convenient, because the logs constantly had to be shifted. And then the man came up with the idea of cutting a small piece from a log, made a hole in it and it turned out to be a wheel. The two wheels were connected by an axle, the axle was attached to the platform, and a convenient cart was created. It was made of wood, and rode on wooden rails with the help of the same animals and people. At first, they transported goods on carts, then they made a seat and it turned out to be a carriage for people, and when they made a roof over the seat, it turned out to be a carriage. With the invention of the wheel, transport began to develop rapidly because people were constantly inventing something new. Bicycles, trams, cars, buses appeared. It became more and more. Pedestrians and passengers walked and drove on the same road and often collided with each other and were injured. After all, the streets of cities at that time were narrow, the roads were winding and bumpy. It became clear that it was necessary to streamline traffic on streets and roads, that is, to invent rules that would make traffic on them convenient and safe.
This is how the first road signs and the responsibilities of pedestrians and drivers appeared. The road was divided into two parts - separately for drivers and pedestrians. Transport began to drive on the roadway, and pedestrians walked on the sidewalk.
The very first road sign for drivers was a traffic light, but it was controlled by a person. He had two glasses - green and red, which were illuminated by a lantern. Now modern traffic lights are powered by electricity, switch automatically and have three signals: red, yellow, green.
— What do traffic lights mean?
— But the very first road sign for pedestrians was a pedestrian crossing.
Physical exercise “Road crossing” (In the morning before the road)
— Today you and I know a lot of road signs.
- Let's name what road signs we visited and what they mean.
- Now let's play the game "Answer quickly . I ask you a question, and who knows, he quickly answers.
— What is a sidewalk? (road for pedestrians)
-What is a zebra? (crosswalk)
—Who is called a pedestrian? (person without vehicle)
— How to get around the bus? (behind)
— Who is called the driver? (a person driving a vehicle)
—Where should pedestrians walk? (on the sidewalk)
— Where can children play outside? (in special places reserved for games)
— Which edge of the road should pedestrians walk in places where there is no sidewalk (on the left, towards moving traffic)
- If you are traveling on a bus or in a car, then who are you? (passenger)
— Car voice (signal)
— What is the name of the place where people wait for the bus? (stop)
— Name the vehicle made by the good fairy from a pumpkin, in which Cinderella went to the ball? (coach)
— Name a two- or three-wheeled vehicle whose driver you can become? (bike)
— Tell me, guys, who monitors compliance with traffic rules on the road? (guard or traffic police inspector)
— What are road signs needed for? (so that there are no accidents)
- Well done. Let's sing the song "LET THEM RUN ON THE ROAD..."
- Tell me, what if you break the rules?
You will get different injuries,
And suddenly something bad happens,
What should we do then?
Call number 03, an ambulance.
- What kind of car is this? (This is a special medical transport, with doctors who can quickly provide assistance)
— What other special transport do you know? (firefighters, police).
-Each service has its own number. Firefighters have 01, police have 02, ambulance has 03. Or you can call 112, this is also a rescue service.
Music plays and a GUARD enters.
- I wish you good health! The inspector of the traffic police patrol service, senior lieutenant Ivanov, welcomes you! I have been sent to you to test your knowledge:
- about traffic rules
- about traffic lights
-about road signs
Ready for testing?
Now I'll test you and start my game
Now I’m going to ask questions, it’s not easy to answer them!
- If you act in accordance with the rules of the road, then answer in unison: “It’s me, it’s me, these are all my friends!” . And if you don’t agree and don’t act like that, then just remain silent.
- How many of you go forward only where there is a transition?
- How many of you are flying so fast that you can’t see the traffic lights?
- Does anyone know that a green light means the path is open?
- Does anyone know that a red light means there is no movement?
- Which of you in a cramped carriage gave up your seat to an old lady?
- Who is happily kicking a ball near the roadway?
-Well done boys! We completed the first task of my test. But there is also a second thing! Be careful, now we will talk about road signs.
1. Now, when I was walking towards you, I had to cross the roadway. What sign helped me with this? (Road crossing)
Road crossing sign
There's a land crossing here
People walk around all day.
You, driver, don't be sad,
Let the pedestrian pass.
2. Imagine that you and I went on an excursion to another city. We get on the bus and recover. What sign should we remember to take with us? (Attention children)
"Children" sign
There are children in the middle of the road,
We are always responsible for them.
So that their parent does not cry,
Be careful, driver!
3. You and I are going, we are going, and we wanted to eat. What sign will tell us that there is a canteen or cafe nearby? (Food station)
Sign "Food station"
When you need food,
Then come here.
Hey driver, pay attention!
Food station coming soon!
4. We are driving further and remembered that we need to call mom and tell her that everything is fine with us and we ate well. What sign will help us find the phone? (Telephone)
Telephone sign
What should I do, what should I do,
I need to call urgently
So that both you and he know,
There is a telephone in this place.
5. We came to another city on an excursion, we need to transfer to another excursion bus. What sign will indicate the bus stop for us? (Bus stop).
Bus Stop Sign
There is a pedestrian in this place
The transport is waiting patiently.
He's tired of walking
Wants to become a passenger.
— Dear guys, allow me to congratulate you on completing the check and present you with the “Traffic Rules Expert”
PRESENTATION OF MEDALS.
So that parents don’t worry every day,
So that drivers can drive calmly down the street
Everyone should study
Be sure to repeat
Traffic Laws!
An event was held dedicated to “The Best Traffic Rules Expert” .
To reinforce this, the children repeat road signs and traffic lights using a mini-lapbook I developed on “Traffic Regulations” .
Now you guys will definitely become the best traffic rules experts!
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