Article:
Physical education minutes during a lesson in elementary school help children relieve stress from the educational process, slightly warm up from sitting at a desk for a long time, change the type of activity and then better assimilate new material.
Physical education is a small set of physical exercises: bending, stretching, turning, jumping. All actions are performed to a poetic text. It is important that the poem for physical education is selected according to the age of the child. It is important for the teacher to remember that the exercises and accompanying poem need to be changed periodically.
*** The wind is blowing in our faces, the children are waving their hands at their faces. The tree is swaying. - we raise our hands up and sway. The wind is quieter, quieter, quieter. - we squat Tree higher and higher. - We stand up, stretch our hands up.
*** Pinocchio stretched, - raise your arms up and stand on your toes. One - bent over, - bends forward, reaching your fingers to the floor. Two - bent over; Three - bent over. I spread my arms to the sides, I spread my arms to the sides. Apparently I couldn’t find the key. - we shake our heads. To get the key for us, - we raise our hands up. We need to stand on our tiptoes. - stretch up, standing on your toes.
***
We are funny monkeys, - the children get up from their seats. We play too loudly. We all stomp our feet, - we stomp our feet (walking) We all clap our hands, - we clap our hands, we puff out our cheeks, - the children puff out their cheeks, we jump on our tiptoes. - jumping Let's jump together to the ceiling - high jump Let's raise our finger to our temple - bring both index fingers to our temple And we'll even show each other our tongues! - they show their tongues; we'll open our mouths wider; - we'll open our mouths; we'll make grimaces. - they make grimaces. When I say word three, take away all the grimaces. One, two, three! - take their seats
*** So we spread our hands, As if we were surprised. And they bowed to each other to the ground! Bent over, straightened up, Bent over, straightened up. Lower, lower, don’t be lazy, bow and smile.
*** One - rise, stretch, Two - bend down, straighten up, Three - clap your hands, three claps, Three nods with your head. At four - arms wider, at five - to wave your arms, at six - to sit quietly in your place.
*** Children repeat the exercises after the teacher, and at the same time repeat the concepts of right and left.
We will put our palms to our eyes, we will spread our strong legs. Turning to the right, Let's look around majestically. And you also need to look to the left from under your palms. And - to the right! And also Over the left shoulder!
*** We put on the record and go out to warm up. We start running on the spot, the finish line is in two hundred meters! One-two, one-two, Enough, they came running, Stretched, breathed.
*** Everyone raised their hands - once! The whole class stands on their toes, Two sit down, hands down, Turn towards the neighbor. Once! - And up, Two! - And down, And turn to your neighbor. Let's get up together to give our legs something to do. One - sat down, Two - stood up. Those who tried to squat can already rest.
*** One, two – we will bend over slightly. Three, four - hands on hips, we will do multi-jumps. Five, six - you need to climb onto the ladder. Seven, eight – we’ll ask you to go for a run. Nine, ten - that's all. We'll meet again soon.
*** Good morning, kids! — the children rise from their desks and stand in the aisle. It’s time for everyone to wake up! They stretched - they stretched. — stretching on their toes. They’re almost awake. Hands to the sides, forward - we spread our hands to the sides and bring them forward. And now it’s the other way around. Bent over to the toes - bend towards the toes We ran on the toes. - We run quietly in place. Jump and jump together. - jumping in place We continue our lesson. — the children sit at their desks.
*** In the morning, the children went into the forest - the children walk, raising their legs high. And in the forest they found mushrooms - they do squats, they bent over, collected - bending forward, along the way they got lost - raising their arms to the sides.
*** My back is straight - the children stand up and straighten their shoulders. I’m not afraid of bending - bending forward. I straighten up, bend over, turn around. - we make turns. One two three four. Three - four, one - two. I walk with a proud posture. - turn to the sides, keep my head straight, - bow forward I’m not in a hurry. - hands behind your back and walking in place One - two, three - four, - turns the body Three - four, one - two. - again walking in place. I can bow. - bow And sit down and bend over, - squat and bow forward Turn back and forth! — turns Oh, straight back! One - two, three - four, - body turns Three - four, one - two. - walking in place again.
Organizing and conducting physical education sessions
Larisa Vasilyeva
Organizing and conducting physical education sessions
Report on the topic:
«Organizing and conducting physical education sessions»
The concept of physical education .
Physical education minutes are short-term physical exercises, the purpose of which is to prevent fatigue and restore brain function in the process of educational activities that require intellectual tension. Any activity for preschoolers that is not related to movement is a load on the body , since they are characterized by instability of nervous processes.
The purpose of holding a physical education minute is to increase or maintain the mental performance of children in classes (in mathematics, speech development, the outside world, and to promote their relaxation during classes.
“motor restlessness” during classes.
.
He tries to change his position, his attention drops, he gets distracted. As a result, the child’s back slouches, shoulders droop, blood circulation slows down, which leads to poor posture, has a bad effect on the vital functions of the body , and ultimately negatively affects the health of the preschooler.
Physical education sessions improve blood circulation, relieve muscle and nervous system fatigue, activate children’s thinking, create positive emotions and increase interest in educational activities. Physical education is one of the mandatory, well-thought-out elements in educational activities with preschool children. The duration of physical education minutes is 1.5-2 minutes. ; It is recommended to carry them out starting from the younger group.
Basic forms of physical education sessions
In the form of general developmental exercises. General developmental exercises are selected according to the same criteria as for morning exercises. 3-4 exercises are used for different muscle groups (legs, arms, shoulder girdle, torso, pull-ups, bends, turns, as well as jumping, skipping, walking or running in place. Initially, exercises of an imitation nature ( like birds flying) how bunnies jump, how a car drives)
In the form of an outdoor game.
Games of medium mobility are selected that do not require a lot of space, with simple rules that are well known to children. (for example, “On a level path.”
,
“Owl”
, etc.)
In the form of a didactic game with movement. It is recommended to conduct such during classes on familiarization with nature, speech development, and mathematics. ( "Find your house"
,
"Who is faster?"
)
In the form of dance movements. Used between structural parts of educational activities accompanied by sound recording or singing. Melodies with a moderate rhythm and quiet ones are better suited.
In the form of performing movements to the text of a poem. Text of the poem (rhymes, riddles, counting rhymes.)
must be highly artistic. The content of the text must be combined with the topic of educational activity and its program objective.
In the form of any motor action and task. It is possible to guess riddles not with words, but with movements; use of imitative movements: animals (fox, bear, hare, athletes (skier, speed skater, labor actions (chopping cabbage, riding a train)
.
Organization of physical education minutes
It is necessary to provide physical exercises that are different in content and form, since monotony reduces children’s interest in them, and therefore their effectiveness.
Physical exercises are held approximately in the middle of the lesson, since it is at this time that children begin to get tired.
Each teacher should have a card index with various physical exercises related to the topic and content of the activity, preferably accompanied by poetry . But a physical education lesson may be accompanied by text that is not related to the content of the lesson, since not all lessons can be “tailored”
for thematic planning.
Children must learn the movement of each exercise together with the teacher in advance. (so that they can then do them on their own, only after hearing the name of the physical education lesson or looking at the picture).
There are many different physical minutes. Nowadays they can be found in books and on the Internet. But choosing the most effective physical activity that suits your children depends on what type of activity you do with preschoolers. All teachers will agree with me that this determines what type of rest, what kind of physical education time children need most.
It should also be taken into account that if children are very interested in the activity, especially when visual aids are used, physical education may interfere with its successful implementation . This means that not all classes require the introduction of physical education as a mandatory element. Not every art class necessarily requires physical education . If children are given an interesting topic for creativity, then, as a rule, without distraction, they work on it until the end of the lesson.
Types of physical education minutes
All physical education sessions can be divided into several groups:
1. Physical education minutes , which can be carried out during any classes in the second half, when children are noticeably tired, or between different types of work, when it is necessary to switch children’s attention from one type of activity to another. Such physical education lessons include poems and nursery rhymes, which include exercises to relieve general and local fatigue, etc. The heroes and characters of such physical education minutes are mice , a cat, a hamster, a grasshopper, a bunny, a rooster, a crow, etc.
2. Physical education minutes , which can be done during morning exercises with the goal of making them more interesting, varied, and vibrant. This group includes basically the same exercises as the first, which cover large muscle groups, but the content of the text of the physical education lesson deals with exercises , bending, stretching, etc. These are physical education minutes such as : “Exercise”
,
“Pinocchio”
,
“Sun”
,
“Wind”
,
“Clock”
,
“Butterflies”
,
“Funny Ball”
,
“Walk”
and others
3. Physical education sessions , including exercises for the muscles of the hands. They are carried out with the aim of resting children’s fingers after holding a brush or pencil for a long time in visual arts classes in all kindergarten groups and in literacy classes in older groups.
These are exercises for flexion and extension of the hands, their abduction and adduction, circular movements in the wrist joint; the same movements with the fingers. These are physical education minutes such as : “Flowers”
,
"Pigs"
,
"Brother, where have you been?"
,
“Fingers”
and others.
During physical education sessions , you can widely use various hand gestures with balls, nuts, a hex pencil, massage balls, and hand expanders; cross movements; systematic exercises such as “Lock Pose”
;
exercises “Owl”
,
“Smart Hat”
, etc.
4.Exercises to prevent flat feet: “Ballerina”
"(sitting on chairs, rest your toes on the floor and take small steps, like a ballerina on pointe shoes).
“Heron” (walking on toes, straight back.) “Bear Cub” (walking on the outside of the foot, and then on the inside, hands on the belt)
.
5. Exercises that correct posture. Incorrect posture during exercise contributes to the progression of musculoskeletal disorders. Preventing postural defects is easier than treating them. "Firs, Christmas trees, Christmas trees"
(standing on your toes, arms up; arms to the sides, feet pressed to the floor; sit down, arms forward).
Watch your back, keep your back straight. “Stork”
(back straight, children alternately smoothly and slowly raise their right and left legs, hands on their belts, back straight).
“Balance”
(performed both sitting and standing; children sit up straight, straighten their shoulders, put a notebook on their head; try to keep the object on their head, count to 10).
Recommendations for conducting physical education sessions
1. Before getting acquainted with physical education, you should discuss its content and practice the necessary gestures and movements. This will prepare children to perform the exercises correctly and create the necessary emotional mood.
2. Exercises should be familiar to children and easy to perform, covering mainly large muscle groups. In some cases, for example, if children have been holding a pencil or brush in their hands for a long time, it is advisable to include an exercise for the muscles of the hand.
3. You need to do the exercises together with the children, while showing your own passion for the game.
4. The teacher should pronounce the texts of physical education lessons expressively: sometimes raising, sometimes lowering his voice, making pauses, highlighting individual words, and perform movements synchronously with the text or during pauses.
5. When pronouncing a text by children, you need to ensure that you inhale when pronouncing the words of a given line, and before the next line begins, exhale deeply and calmly, then after physical education the child’s breathing remains calm and rhythmic.
6. It is not recommended to give children several complex tasks at once (for example, showing movements and pronouncing text)
.
7. Encourage children to sing along, talk with you, and encourage success.
8. Having chosen two or three physical education minutes , gradually replace them with new ones. You can leave the poems and exercises you like in your file cabinet and return to them at the request of the children.
9. Never force someone to do physical education if the child has no desire to do so. Try to understand the reasons for the refusal or change the physical education lesson by choosing a similar one.
10. The content of a physical education lesson should be varied depending on the nature and conditions of a particular lesson , and not be given in advance in its entirety for the whole week for any lesson.
11. If children are working with concentration, then physical education should not be given , otherwise their attention can be distracted, distracted from the task, and then it will be very difficult to return the children to work.
