Thematic physical education classes with children in a preschool educational institution.
Thematic physical education classes with children in a preschool educational institution.
Modern preschool educational institutions use different forms of physical education classes. One of these forms is subject-based physical education classes. Story-based physical education classes help preschoolers develop learning skills in a fun way. They teach children to remember the plan of action and be guided by it while performing physical exercises in a playful way. They develop value judgments in children: achieving good results in front of all children instills confidence in the child and creates a joyful mood, awareness of their abilities and capabilities in realizing common interests, and shared joy is double joy.
Successful solution of educational problems is possible only if the requirements for the health-improving orientation of thematic physical education classes are met. Ensuring high physical activity of children during story-based activities, observing scientifically based loads on all organs and systems of the child can ensure an effect in his physical development and health promotion.
Specially organized subject-based physical education classes with the entire group ensure the passage and mastery of program material in a certain sequence; allow, as necessary, to repeat and consolidate motor actions. Training is carried out systematically. Classes are built according to a specific plot plan and therefore allow you to dose the physiological load, gradually and carefully increasing it, which helps to increase the body's endurance. Preparing the body to perform complex movements helps prevent injuries when performing them.
The plot lesson includes elements of walking and running in the introductory part of the lesson, general developmental exercises with and without objects, basic movements, outdoor and sports games in the main part, breathing exercises, finger games and low-intensity games in the final part. Classes of this nature are distinguished by interesting content, games, a joyful atmosphere, positive children's emotions and beautiful figurative speech of an adult.
Using story-based activities helps in solving the following problems:
- consolidate and improve children’s motor skills in a playful way;
- development of mental abilities and emotional sphere;
- development of musical and rhythmic abilities,
- nurturing interest and need for systematic physical exercise.
- educate and develop children's creative abilities and imagination
- promote interest in improvising various actions during the lesson.
All plot activities can be divided:
1. Plot-based physical education classes.
Goal: Acquisition of a variety of motor skills through
imitative image.
Throughout the lesson, different movements have different images or one image is embodied in different movements. These can be “bunnies”, “bear cubs”, “puppies”
2. Game-based physical education classes.
Goal: Overcoming various problematic situations, cultivate physical and psychological qualities. Teach children to set a goal and achieve it a). Through the game “Visiting Grandma” or “Driving along the Road,” children learn to overcome game obstacles in performing movements, spatial orientation, etc.
b) Through a story game with a specific purpose, for example, “Let's help the animals wake up the sun,” children are initially given a goal, to achieve which it is necessary to overcome motor difficulties and be able to resolve a problem situation.
3. Thematic and thematic physical education classes.
Plot-thematic classes, in turn, can be divided into three types:
- Thematic and thematic physical education lesson on fairy tales and literary works.
The purpose of such classes is to teach how to navigate problem situations, to develop creativity, fantasy and imagination in children; overcome motor difficulties,
a) The lesson can be based on the plot of one fairy tale, literary work, for example “Geese and Swans”, “Kolobok”, “Wolf and Little Goats”
b) The lesson is based on a meeting with characters from different fairy tales, for example, “Journey to the Land of Fairy Tales.”
c) Throughout the entire lesson, there is one fairy-tale character, for example, Carlson, Pinocchio, Doctor Aibolit.
- Thematic and thematic physical education activities related to seasonal phenomena in nature and social life.
These classes contribute to the cognitive development of schoolchildren and create excellent conditions for improving basic movements; stimulate motor activity, regulate it, thus ensuring the harmonious development of the child.
Cognitive development of preschoolers is carried out unobtrusively, through play. Preschoolers will learn about the peculiarities of natural phenomena. Thus, in the lesson “Journey to the Autumn Forest,” children will learn that the squirrel makes provisions for the winter (nuts, mushrooms), and the hedgehog is preparing for hibernation. In the classes “Walk in the Autumn Forest”, “Spring Has Come”, children learn that the bear is a forest animal. He goes to sleep in a den in the fall until spring. In the lesson “Bear-athlete” - that the bear is strong, can climb trees, run, swim.
Activities such as “Sailors”, “Postman”, “We are athletes”, “Circus” help children consolidate their knowledge about the work of adults and the phenomena of social life.
- Thematic and thematic physical education classes with one manual.
In classes, children will learn about the variety of ways to use any sports aid in various types of motor activity (jumping, throwing, balance, running).
The purpose of such classes is:
-Development of motor skills and abilities; physical qualities.
— Children learn to use the same object in different situations[5]. Preschoolers fantasize and come up with various exercises, which contributes to the development of imagination, self-expression, and creative activity.
Classes with one manual are used in all age groups; they are aimed at training and consolidating movements. These could be activities such as “Multi-colored ball”, “Magic hoop”, “Magic wand”, “Ladder”, “Magic jump rope”.
Classes with non-standard sticks are very interesting, which include the following types of activities: drill exercises (different types of walking with a stick; walking and running with stepping over sticks; running with jumping over a stick); general developmental exercises; laying out a path of sticks and walking and running along this path, jumping over it; active play with sticks, exercises for developing fine motor skills of the hands - massage, laying out various objects from sticks (a circle, a house, the sun, a car, etc.)
The use of imitation and imitation techniques facilitates the process of memorization, mastering exercises, increases the emotional background of the lesson, promotes the development of thinking, imagination, creative abilities, and cognitive activity.
Movements associated with some image or plot captivate children; the image encourages them to perform imitative movements, which preschoolers really love. Different roles for children mean different motor tasks. For example, children - “mice” - look out of their holes, walk with small steps, children - “kittens” - arch their backs, catch their tails, play with a ball, while the “mice”, scared, watch them. Children in the role of bunnies learn to jump, in the role of athletes they learn to exercise with a stick, in the role of sailors they learn to “walk and crawl on a high and slippery deck.
Such activities develop children's creativity, fantasy, and imagination. Literary heroes teach children to overcome motor difficulties in achieving goals and navigate problematic situations. This type of activity is valuable because children reveal themselves in unexpected ways, for example: they show artistry, musicality, and independence. This is one of the reasons for conducting story-based physical education classes.
Physical education classes in plot form begin with an emotional story in which an imaginary situation is set, the conditions for accepting the role are revealed to the children, and the sequence of exercises and their content are communicated. In each age group, I try to use a variety of techniques to create play motivation that encourage children to enthusiastically perform physical exercises: these include riddles about animals, about natural phenomena, artistic expression, and magical transformations into different characters; use of toys, masks. When selecting exercises, the age characteristics of children are taken into account, and their level of physical fitness is also taken into account.
The variety of standard and non-standard equipment in the classroom, the presence and use of natural materials contributes to better organization and increased motor activity of children.
Story classes are held 1-2 times a month. The topics of such classes depend on long-term thematic planning in kindergarten. Thus, plot-based physical education classes allow you to independently find the optimal ways to perform basic movements and general developmental exercises; they contribute to the development of physical qualities, the development of creativity, and mental processes.
These classes open up wide opportunities for working with children, create favorable conditions for improving basic movements, promote the mental and physical development of a preschooler, stimulate motor activity, regulate it, thus ensuring the harmonious development of the child.
Plot - game classes in physical education plan-summary of physical education classes on the topic
MUNICIPALBUDGETARY
PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION
"COMBINED KINDERGARTEN No. 1 "SIBIRIACHOK"
Game-based lesson in physical education
senior group
Physical education instructor, 1st qualification category: Bork Tatyana Viktorovna
2018
Tasks:
- Creating conditions for the development of the child’s emotional sphere.
- Develop speed, agility, initiative, endurance;
- Exercise children in different types of walking and running, throwing at a target, standing high jumps, climbing a gymnastic ladder;
- Cultivate perseverance, justice, honesty, and the ability to act in a team.
Equipment: 2 gymnastic benches, 2 paintings with the image of a shark, bags according to the number of children, 2 barriers, 2 tunnels, hoops 14 pcs., bananas made of fabric according to the number of children. 2 baskets, 100 plastic balls of two colors, guides for the snake 2 sets, massage mats (footprints, hedgehog).
Progress of the lesson
Children enter the hall, the teacher invites them to sit around him on the carpet and conducts an introductory meditation; the children close their eyes. At this time, the physical education instructor changes into “Robinson”.
Introductory meditation: (Sound of the sea music sounds) Invite children to imagine themselves on the seashore, the waves are rolling to your feet, you feel the pleasant freshness of sea water.
The mood becomes cheerful. Open your eyes.
Children open their eyes and “Robinson” stands in front of them.
Robinson:
Hello kids, boys and girls, tell us where you are from and where you are going.
Educator:
We are from the Polyanka kindergarten. We went to the island to find a treasure
Robinson:
To find the treasure you need to go around the island
Form a column one at a time.
Walking is normal, on toes, on heels, with long strides, running, Walking “Path” - children put their hands on the shoulders of the person in front, tilting their heads slightly down, walk one after another, run. Walking along massage paths.
Breathing exercise: “Steam whistle”
Noisily draw in air through your nose, hold your breath for 1-2 seconds, exhale noisily through your lips, folded into a tube, with the sound “oo-oo-oo” (the exhalation is lengthened)
Robinson:
You walked around the island boldly And now it’s another matter To gain strength You need to practice
Rebuilding in two columns
1. Relay race “Swimmers”
Children “swim” along the gymnastic bench (they move on their stomachs, pulling themselves up with their arms), take a bag from the basket, throw it at the image of a shark, and return in a straight line.
2. Relay race “Who is faster”
Children jump over barriers, crawl into tunnels, run through landmarks like a snake. Pass the baton to the next participant.
3. Relay race “The most dexterous”
Children walk along the bench with a bag on their head, climb onto the wall, pick a banana and climb down. Passing the baton to the next one
4. Classics relay
Children line up in two columns. Hoops are laid out in front of them in the form of hopscotch: one, two, one, two, one. At the teacher’s signal, the children jump through the hoops and run back, pass the baton to the next person on their team with a light slap on the hand and stand at the end of the column.
5. Relay race “Collect coconuts”
The balls are poured out of the basket onto the floor. Each column is shown what color balls they will collect (red, yellow, blue, white, etc.). At the signal, the children collect the balls.
Robinson: You turned out to be persistent, skillful and resilient. For a long time I have been waiting for such guys into whose hands I could give the treasure (hands over a chest with sports equipment (jump ropes, dumbbells).
Everyone is glad I put this in it. It carries a charge of health. So that you never get sick. So that your cheeks glow with a healthy blush. So that everything is in order. Always start your morning with exercises!
Robinson: Oh, I'm tired. I haven’t warmed up like this for a long time, let’s relax with you.
Relaxation: Lie on your back and close your eyes. Breathe lightly and slowly. Imagine that you are in a beautiful place (calm music sounds). Warm, quiet day. You are pleased and you feel good. You are absolutely calm, lie down and look up at the big, white, fluffy clouds. Clouds in a beautiful blue sky. As you inhale, you begin to gently rise above the ground. With each breath you slowly and smoothly rise towards a large fluffy cloud. Now you are floating on top of a big fluffy cloud. Your arms and legs are spread freely to the sides, you are too lazy to move. You are resting. The cloud slowly begins to fall lower and lower with you until it reaches the ground. Finally, you landed safely on the ground and your cloud returned to its home in the sky. It smiles at you, you smile at it. You are in a great mood, keep it for the whole day.
While the relaxation is taking place, the physical education instructor quickly changes clothes.
Guys, here we are again in kindergarten.
Bibliography:
- V.T. Kudryavtsev, B.B. Egorov “Developmental pedagogy of health improvement.”
- K.K. Utrobina "Entertaining physical education in kindergarten."
Thematic lesson in physical education “Journey to a fairy-tale planet” (preparatory group)
Tasks:
- Exercise children in various types of walking and running;
- To improve children's ability in long jumps and throwing at a horizontal target;
- Exercise balance: crawling on a gymnastic bench with support on your palms and feet;
- Develop dexterity in the game “Ribbon Traps”;
- Learn to relax and control your breathing.
Equipment: gymnastic bench, bags according to the number of children, throwing baskets; paper stream (width 100cm); ribbons according to the number of children.
Progress of the lesson
Invite children to imagine themselves in the forest with a short verbal story to revive the children’s imagination: “Once upon a time there was a green forest, it was not just a green forest, but a singing forest. The birches there sang the tender songs of the birches, the oaks sang the ancient songs of the oaks. The river sang, the fontanel sang, but of course the birds sang loudest of all.
The tits sang blue songs, and the robins sang crimson songs. But trouble happened in this forest. An evil wizard visited there and bewitched animals, birds, trees, flowers. They need your help.
Introductory meditation: (done with calm music)
In my chest, right here. Do you hear the clock ticking? Its sound is joyful and quiet. Only someone winds it.
Invite the children to find their heart, pressing both hands to their chest, and listen to how it knocks: “knock, knock, knock.” Then everyone should imagine that in their chest instead of a heart there is a piece of gentle sunshine. Its bright and warm light spreads over the body, arms, legs. There is so much of him that he will no longer interfere with us. The teacher invites the children to send a little light and warmth to this planet, and maybe it will come to life (put your hands forward vertically)
Form a column one at a time.
Walking is normal, back forward, rolling from heel to toe.
“Live Ribbon” walking with side steps: children holding hands walk in one direction or the other.
Running: with the shin swept back (arms forward, hand in fist), easy running.
Breathing exercises: “What does the forest smell like?” fresh air, flowers, grass. I.p. main stand. Inhale deeply through your nose and exhale through your mouth.
Formation in a column of four.
The teacher says that the forest began to come to life, as everyone gave it a little warmth.
General developmental exercises are performed
1. “Warm rain” (moistened the ground, refreshed the grass and leaves, let’s play with raindrops)
I.p. basic stance, hands behind your back.
1, 2 – bring forward, straight right (left) hand with palm up.
3, 4 – hide your right (left) hand behind your back (6-8 times).
2. “Colorful rainbow” (shone with different colors, decorated the planet)
I.p. feet shoulder-width apart, arms to the sides, palms up.
1 – tilt the torso to the right, raise the left hand upward across the side and lower the palm onto the palm of the right hand.
2 – i.p. the same to the left (6 times).
3. “Plants come to life” (trees, grass, flowers, reaching out to the sun)
I.p. legs together, arms along the body, head down.
1 – raise your arms straight up in front of you, put your right foot back on your toes, look up.
2 – i.p. Same with the left foot (8 times)
4. “Flight of birds” (beautiful fairy-tale birds, either fluttering their wings, rise high into the sky, or fly low above the ground).
I.p. basic stance, hands down. 1, 3 – arms to the sides; 2 – sit down. 4 – i.p. (7 times)
5. “Butterflies” (flutter around flowers, sit on them, drink nectar and fly again to another flower).
I.p. – sitting, knees bent and spread as far as possible, soles connected, hands folded, clasping the feet, heels pulled towards the body.
1-3 – legs bent at the knees make rhythmic movements, springy swaying (try to put your hips on the floor)
4 – i.p. (6 times).
6. “Bear” (she lost her mischievous cubs, looks for them and looks under the bushes).
I.p. – feet shoulder-width apart, arms to the sides.
1.3 – body tilts to the right, (to the left) hands behind the head:
2-4 – return to ip. (6-8 times).
7. “Lying on the grass” (let’s lie on the soft grass and look at the surrounding beauty).
I.p. – lying on your stomach, lean on your elbows, place your chin on the back of your hands.
1, 3 turn your head to the right (left) bend your right, (left) leg at the knees.
2, 4 – i.p. (6-8 times).
8. “Ant” (an ant has climbed onto your toes and is running along them: let’s look for the ant)
I.p. sitting, legs straight together, arms supported at the back.
1, 3 – forcefully pull the toe of your right (left) foot towards you.
2.4 – return to IP. (6 times).
9. “The squirrel cracked a nut”
I.p. - lying on your back, clasping your legs bent at the knees with your hands.
1 – put your feet on the floor, arms along your body.
2 – i.p. (7 times)
10. “The squirrel jumps from branch to branch”
I.p. – legs apart, arms forward in front of the chest, hands down.
1 – 4 jumps, moving both legs to the right – to the left. Alternate with walking in place (2 times)
Breathing exercises: “Let’s smell the flowers.”
Children perform a tilt, plucking as if a flower
Inhale through the nose, exhale through the mouth.
Well done guys, you brought the forest to life and it came to life. All the animals in the forest are happy.
Basic movements:
- Hares are frolicking - jumping across the stream. (4 times).
- Bears climb trees - crawling on a gymnastic bench with support on their palms and feet.
- “The squirrel throws cones” - throwing bags at a horizontal target.
Outdoor game: “Traps with a ribbon.”
Relaxation: “Lazy People Competition”
Today we saw many different animals in this clearing, but the lazy and lazy badger never appeared.
We will listen to a wonderful poem about him by V. Viktorov.
Even though it’s hot, Even though it’s scorching, All the people of the forest are busy. Only the badger is quite lazy. He sleeps sweetly in a cool hole. The couch potato has a dream. As if he’s busy with work. At dawn and at sunset. He still can’t get out of bed.
Children pretend to be a lazy badger. They lie down on the mat and while the music is playing, they try to relax as much as possible.
Low mobility game "Drozd"
Children are divided into pairs. The game is accompanied by text.
“I am a blackbird, you are a blackbird, I have a nose, you have a nose, (each first points to his own nose, then to the partner’s nose), I have smooth ones, you have smooth ones (points to cheeks), I have - sweet, you are sweet (points to lips), I am a friend, you are my friend. We love each other!"
Everyone hugs. Then the pairs change.
