Children's fitness in kindergarten: 55 useful exercises for different ages

Physical development in preschool

Children's fitness is a system of activities aimed at strengthening and maintaining the health of children.

The use of fitness movements in kindergarten not only fuels interest in sports activities and teaches them to enjoy physical activity, but also improves health. Children learn to understand and control their bodies. They develop muscle strength and body plasticity, acquire correct posture and a harmonious physique.

Sports activities in kindergarten not only develop children physically, but also have a beneficial effect on their psychomotor state. Kindergarten children develop harmoniously physically, spiritually and aesthetically.

Fitness goals in kindergarten

Physical activity contributes to the development of many qualities of a child. This includes the development of motor skills, high performance, and successful mastery of new material.

Outdoor games and physical exercise have a beneficial effect on processes such as memory, attention, imagination and thinking. Sport not only develops, but also disciplines and gives self-confidence.

At the same time, physical education can help children of different temperaments:

• passive guys will be able to open up to new energies, increasing their vitality;
• hyperactive kindergarteners will learn to harmoniously distribute their energy costs;
• capricious children will be able to feel the strength of their body and become more resilient.

It is all these problems that fitness for children is designed to solve.

If we take a separate kindergarten, then the main tasks of fitness in a preschool institution are:

1. Formation and improvement of children’s physical qualities (endurance, coordination, strength, agility, speed)
2. Prevention of disorders in the musculoskeletal system
3. Introduction to healthy lifestyle and sports

These tasks are specified based on the age group of the children.

Fitness club program for different age groups

Children's fitness involves achieving different tasks in different kindergarten groups. The main ones are listed in the table.

Important! It is recommended to devote 2-3 times a week to sports activities in kindergarten, one of which would be outside.

How to organize children's outdoor sports activities is shown in the video:

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Didactic manual “Types of sports”

Tasks:

1. Consolidate knowledge about sports;
2. Learn to establish the simplest relationships between a sport and its attributes, the time of year;
3. To develop the ability to speak correctly and completely and actively use words in speech on the topic “Sports Games”;
4. Improve communication skills.
5. Cultivate perseverance, patience, diligence.

Description of the manual: The versatility of the didactic manual “Types of Sports”, with a set of pictures on lexical topics: “Winter Sports”, “Summer Sports”, “Sports Equipment for an Athlete”, “Symbols of Sports Games” suggests the possibility of its use in working with children senior preschool age. When creating the manual, I proceeded from the fact that it should be bright, attractive for children, educational, developing, convenient, so that several children could play at the same time. By varying the playing fields with tasks and ways to complete them, you can maintain interest in preschoolers for a long time. The manual allows you to consolidate material from simple to more complex.

The manual is made of plates covered with colored paper. The pockets are made of transparent film. Cards with types of sports, attributes for sports games, symbols of sports games are printed on a printer. Three plates connected to each other (like Lull circles). Several circles of different diameters are strung on a rod. All circles are divided into the same number of sectors. There are pictures on them. The circles move freely. Removable circles can be combined with other illustrations depending on the purpose. Using just a few rings, you can get either different versions of the game or additions to the game being played.

Method of operation: To start the game, place the manual on the table. Place the selected rings with pictures on top of the circles. Unscrew the edges of the plates. There are many game options. It all depends on the tasks assigned and the material covered by the children. The circles are divided into sectors and a picture is glued to each one, or the children insert them into the pockets themselves. Children, rotating the plates, must match the pictures united by the general theme of the game. This manual can be used to compose stories - a description of a sport (skiing, gymnastics, basketball, volleyball) using reference pictures - diagrams (a story in a chain, a story by two (three) children, one child). To reinforce the material, you can play a didactic game “Find the mistake”, in which the teacher swaps the pictures in advance, and the children find a picture that does not correspond to the signs of a given time of year. You can use the manual in the following educational games:

Game "Pick up a picture"

Goal: To consolidate children's knowledge about different sports; teach children to identify the signs of sports games; develop the ability to analyze and generalize; develop creative thinking and imagination; to develop children's interest in physical education and sports.

Game description: Pictures of winter and summer sports (hockey, luge, ski jumping, gymnastics, swimming, tennis, athletics, cross-country skiing) are attached to the bottom ring. Children select pictures and put them in pockets. Winter sports are placed on the blue sectors, and summer sports on the yellow sectors. For the top ring, select the appropriate attribute for it (team, single sport, etc.)

For example: on the lower ring - an image of a hockey player is attached, on the upper ring - a team sport

Complication : Sports are selected after solving the riddle.

To consolidate the material, you can play the didactic game “Find the mistake”, in which the teacher changes the pictures in places, and the children find a picture that does not correspond to the sports game.

Puzzles

They chase the ball around the court with rackets, then they hit it, then they don’t have time to catch up . (Tennis)

The athlete rushes down the slope like an arrow. The snow flows like a fountain from the skis, deftly goes around the gate, and develops great speed. (Skier)

At the stadium, running, walking, jumping, throwing, what is the correct name for the competition? (Athletics)

Our aces are swimming along the water paths, now butterfly, now crawl, now breaststroke. (Swimming)

He climbed the springboard and was not afraid of heights. He put on his skis, flew off the springboard, landed on the ground, did not fall, did not crash. Who is this? (Ski jumper)

The athlete accelerates while sitting on them, and lies down on his back. (luge)

The game is on at the skating rink, the ice is hot with skates. Two teams perform, the puck is kicked with sticks. Hey guys, have fun. And this game... (Hockey).

These fragile dragonflies are virtuosos with a skipping rope, They control hoops, clubs and balls, They can draw with a ribbon, Who are they I want to know? (Gymnasts)

"Find a Pair"

Goals and objectives: to develop children’s interest in physical education and sports; introduce children to sports; teach children to recognize the symbols of sports games.

Game description: Children must match the cards with sports and their symbols.

To reinforce the material, you can play the didactic game “Find the Error,” in which the teacher swaps the pictures in advance, and the children find a picture that does not match.

“Guess whose balls?”

Target. Strengthen children's knowledge about different sports, athletes, sports attributes; teach children to recognize and name sports equipment; develop visual attention and logical thinking; expanding children's vocabulary with adjectives; develop interest and love for sports.

Description of the game: Children name any sport on the lower ring, then by moving the middle and upper rings they select the sport, the corresponding definition and the ball belonging to this game.

For example: On the bottom ring they name the sport - basketball, the athlete is a basketball player, on the middle ring they call a basketball hoop and correlate the top ring with the symbol of this game.

At the end, children can be asked questions to consolidate:

– Show which athletes play football, tennis, basketball, rugby, volleyball.

– Men and women go in for sports. A man playing football is a footballer, but a woman? (ask about tennis, basketball, rugby, volleyball)

“Each player has his own field”

Target. Strengthen children's knowledge about different sports, athletes, sports grounds; develop visual attention and logical thinking; develop interest and love for sports.

Description of the game: Children guess riddles (type of sport), insert them into the pockets of the lower ring, then select a sports ground corresponding to this sports game into the pockets of the upper ring

Puzzles

A successful pass results in a goal! What is the name of the game? (Football)

Two comrades fight in shorts and warm mittens (Boxing)

The defense doesn’t sleep, we go on the attack, approaching the shield, putting the ball in the basket. (Basketball)

Hit the puck accurately with your stick, since you play ... (Hockey)

“Who owns what?”

Goals and objectives: to develop children’s interest in physical education and sports; introduce children to sports; teach children to define sports games and correlate their games with symbols; develop the ability to analyze and generalize; develop creative thinking and imagination.

Description of the game: Children guess riddles (type of sport) on the lower ring, then by moving the middle and upper ring they select the sport, the corresponding definition and symbol of the sports game.

Puzzles

The wheels are spinning, the spokes are sparkling, and the road racers are racing in a chariot . (Cycling)

At the stadium, running, walking, jumping, throwing, what is the correct name for the competition? (Athletics)

Our aces are swimming along the water paths, now butterfly, now crawl, now breaststroke. (Swimming)

Exercises on uneven bars, pommel horse and beam, These young athletes are quite capable . (Gymnasts)

They pulled the bowstring, The arrows were released... Oooh They flew, didn’t fall, They hit the bull’s eye straight . (Archery)

A successful pass results in a goal! What is the name of the game? (Football)

Two comrades fight in shorts and warm mittens (Boxing)

Our horse rushes to the finish line. What is that game called (Equestrian sport)

"Sport equipment"

Target. Strengthen children's knowledge about different sports, athletes, sports attributes; teach children to recognize and name sports equipment, determine its purpose; Develop visual attention and logical thinking.

Game description: Pictures of winter and summer sports (figure skating, cycling, speed skating, basketball, football, snowboarding, boxing, alpine skiing) are attached to the bottom ring. Children select pictures and put them in pockets. On the middle ring, too, after solving the riddle, the appropriate equipment is selected for it (boxing gloves, snowboard, skates, soccer ball, skis, basketball hoop, bicycle), on the upper ring signs of sports are indicated (summer or winter sports)

For example: an image of a hockey player is attached to the bottom ring, a stick to the middle ring, a snowflake to the top ring (winter sport)

After all the circles have been collected, the children determine which athlete needs these items.

Skis are needed... (skier). Skates are needed (for a figure skater, speed skater). A ball is needed (for a football player, a basketball player). A snowboard is needed (for a snowboarder),

Boxing gloves are needed (for a boxer)

A bicycle is needed (A cyclist)

Puzzles

Riddles for the bottom ring

The defense doesn’t sleep, we go on the attack, approaching the shield, putting the ball in the basket. (Basketball)

So they came together in a fight in the ring. Everyone has gloves on their hands. The cheerful gong sounded and gave the signal for the start of the battle . (Boxing)

The hero rushes along a steep mountain, He is not afraid of frost, The speed is like that of a steam locomotive . (Skier)

The wheels are spinning, the spokes are sparkling, and the road racers are racing in a chariot . (Cycling)

Skates glide swiftly along the ice path. Athletes want to surpass each other. (Skating).

Jumping, lifting and spinning on the ice to the music. The runners on the skates are shiny, the costumes are a sight to behold. (Figure skating)

A successful pass results in a goal! What is the name of the game? (Football)

Over snow-capped mountains, over jumps and hills, on the “snowboard” apparatus, athletes beat their records. (Snowdording)

Riddles for the middle ring

From the blows, I take off and fly into the distance at full speed. I love flying into the gate, hearing the joyful “Goal!” My only concern is to make football beautiful. I don’t like it when people touch me with their hands sometimes. You can tame me with your feet or with your head. (Soccer ball)

Who will catch up with me on the ice? We are running the race! And it’s not horses that carry me, but shiny ones ... (Skates)

Early in the morning along the road, dew glistens on the grass, feet ride along the road and two wheels run. The riddle has an answer - This is my... (Bicycle)

There are two stripes in the snow, Two foxes were surprised. One came closer: Someone was running here... (Skis)

It looks like just a board, But it’s proud of its name, It’s called... (Snowboard)

The ball cracks when hit. It will be scored into it (Basketball hoop)

Two girlfriends are leather pillows, they dress on their hands, they fight in the ring. (Boxing gloves)

"Winter and summer sports"

Goal: To introduce children to winter and summer sports and consolidate existing ideas about them. Learn to solve riddles using evidence-based speech. Develop interest and love for sports.

Description of the game: Players sort out cards with images of attributes. The teacher reads the riddle, the players guess and select the necessary pictures, putting them in their pockets.

Puzzles

They chase the ball around the court with rackets, then they hit it, then they don’t have time to catch up. (Tennis)

The athlete rushes down the slope like an arrow. The snow flows like a fountain from the skis, deftly goes around the gate, and develops great speed. (Skier)

Players fight for the ball: Attack, defend, Take aim at the goal From the left, from the right, from a turn. They score a goal and shout: “Hurray!” But the game is played in the pool, not on the field. And it's called (Water polo)

Skates glide swiftly along the ice path. Athletes want to surpass each other. (Skating).

At the stadium, running, walking, jumping, throwing, what is the correct name for the competition? (Athletics)

Here are the boats running, Right and left, here and there, People control them, Walking with the wind on the waves. (Sailing)

He climbed the springboard and was not afraid of heights. He put on his skis, flew off the springboard, landed on the ground, didn’t fall, didn’t crash. Who is it? (Ski jumper)

The athlete approaches the barbell and takes it by the bar. The projectile swings forward and back, And now the projectile is at the top - the weight is taken. (Weightlifting)

Jumping, lifting and spinning on the ice to the music. The runners on the skates are shiny, the costumes are a sight to behold. (Figure skating)

These fragile dragonflies are virtuosos with a skipping rope, They control hoops, clubs and balls, They can draw with a ribbon, Who are they I want to know? (Gymnasts)

Two opponents in a fight fight: They attack and fight back. There is no blood from a rapier injection. At least there are tournaments with battles. (Fencing)

In this sport, the players are all agile and tall. They love to play with the ball and throw it into the hoop. The ball hits the floor loudly, So this is... (Basketball)

I’m in a hurry to go to training, I fight deftly in a kimano. I need a black belt, Because I love..... (Karate)

Who is steeper? Slightly noticeable Toward the cloud, to the cloud, Meter by meter Rising with difficulty - Carrying his house on his back? Think, think, don't be lazy! Not a snail - ... (Climber)

Types of sports elements in kindergarten

Conventionally, the sports load in kindergarten can be divided into the following categories:

1. General developmental exercises in kindergarten are based on a set of developmental tasks. This may include:
   morning exercises;
2. breathing practice;
3. ball exercises;
4. tasks for different types of motor activity with and without different objects;
5. movements with a hoop.
6. Health-improving exercisesAimed at improving and strengthening the body of a preschool child. Here we can highlight:
   elements for the prevention of flat feet;
7. stretching exercises;
8. hardening procedures, barefoot physical education;
9. visiting the swimming pool;
10. elements to strengthen the muscles of the back and abdomen.
11. Dance and sports directionHelps to identify the child’s inclinations for one or another type of sports activity. In kindergarten you can find:
    rhythmoplasty;
12. aerobics;
13. gymnastics
14. Play activitiesThis includes everything that helps preschoolers develop physically through play:
    football;
15. basketball;
16. volleyball;
17. team games;
18. competitive games.

It is also worth setting aside time for children to independently master sports elements. This usually happens outdoors, on a playground with slides, swings, etc., or indoors, where there is a sports corner with additional hanging equipment.

General developmental exercises in kindergarten

Depending on the goal, you can develop various sets of general developmental exercises for children of different ages. Morning exercises or physical education, breathing practice or elements with a hoop, exercises with balls or other objects. You can come up with your own program for both toddlers and older children.

Physical complex for morning exercises

The following set of exercises can be suggested as morning exercises:

1. Stretch Children stand in a circle, rise on their toes and stretch upward with straight arms. With an exhalation, the arms return to the starting position through the sides, the soles of the feet fully touch the floor. You can do it on the spot, or you can take a step to the side, moving between the stretches in a circle.
2. Pendulum You can also form a circle, stand with your feet shoulder-width apart, and place your hands on your waist. Do versatile head tilts.
3. Doll We include the shoulders in the work. To do this, place your arms along your body. Raise your right shoulder first, then your left.
4. Tumbler We sit on the floor, pull our legs towards ourselves and clasp them with our hands. From this position we do versatile rolls.
5. Top We stand on our feet, placing them shoulder-width apart. We jump on two legs, alternating jumping with walking. You can alternate elements in a circular motion.

Breathing practice

It is important to teach kindergarteners to do breathing practice. It is necessary after each set of exercises. In addition, this practice is an excellent prevention of diseases of the throat and nose.

To stir up interest, you can give each element a fun name, for example:

• We blow bubbles - take a deep breath through our nose, puffing out our cheeks, then slowly exhale through our slightly open mouth.
• Pump - we stand up and put our hands on our belts, inhale and squat a little, and exhale we straighten up. The goal is to gradually make your squats lower and your inhalations and exhalations deeper.
• Chicken - we stand up and bend down, hanging our arms freely, playing the role of wings, and lowering our head. With an exhalation, we pat ourselves on the knees and say “so-so-so”, with an inhalation we straighten up and raise our arms up.
• Watch - stand up straight, feet shoulder-width apart, arms down. We swing our straight arms back and forth, while saying “tick-tock.”
• Trumpeter - sit down and fold your raised hands into a tube. While exhaling slowly we say “p-f-f”.

Movements with the ball

With the ball you can also come up with a huge number of exercises for different kindergarten groups:

• standing, we take the ball in both hands and lower them down, lifting the ball over our heads while rising on our toes;
• we transfer the ball from one straight hand to another in the starting position - standing, feet shoulder-width apart, arms to the sides, the ball is in one of the hands;
• we sit on the floor, crossing our legs, placing the ball on the right side of the floor, rolling the ball in front of us in the other direction;
• we jump on two legs with a ball in our hands;
• we throw the ball up, throw it from one hand to the other.

A complex of different elements with and without objects

1. With cubes
   We stand with feet shoulder-width apart, arms along the body, cubes in hands. We raise our arms up from the sides and knock the cubes against each other.
2. We sit on the floor, take the cubes in our hands and bend them at the elbows. Raise your legs up and hit the cubes under your knees.
3. We jump with cubes, spreading our arms in different directions.
4. With checkboxes
   We stand up, spread our arms with flags to the sides. We make lunges, touching the hand with the flag to the knee of the same leg.
5. We spread our legs wide, stretch our arms forward with the flags. We turn to one side, moving our hand back and following the flag with our eyes. Repeat with the other hand.
6. The starting position is the same, we raise our hands with flags up. We bend down, the flags stretch to the floor.
7. No items
   Feet shoulder-width apart, arms along the body. We rise on our toes, raising our right arm up. Repeat with the other hand.
8. We squat down and hug our knees with our hands. We straighten up, standing on our tiptoes and raising our arms up.
9. We lie on the floor on our backs with straight legs and arms located along the body. We clasp our head with our hands and press it to our knees pulled up to our stomach. We curl up into a ball in this way.

Movements with a hoop

A hoop can also diversify children's fitness, adding interest and benefit to exercise:

1. We stand up and hold the hoop below. Raise the hoop forward, then up, then forward and down again.
2. Feet shoulder-width apart, clasp the hoop on the sides and press it to the chest. We turn the body in one direction, extend straight arms in the same direction. Repeat on the other side.
3. The starting position is the same. We squat, bringing the hoop forward.
4. Keep the hoop down. We lift it forward and bend over, looking into the hoop. We linger for a few seconds in this position. The back is straight.
5. We stand near the hoop. We begin to jump around the inventory.

Wellness practice

Health-improving exercises play a huge role in fitness for preschoolers. After all, the groundwork for the rest of your life is laid precisely from childhood. Particular attention here should be paid to exercises that prevent the development of flat feet, stretching and strengthening elements.

Elements that prevent flat feet

The foot is the foundation of the entire body, so flat feet should not be taken lightly. And if we take into account that the formation of the musculoskeletal system occurs over a period of up to 6 years, then it is recommended to prevent flat feet at this age.

We offer the following set of exercises aimed at preventing flat feet:

1. We sit on a chair, place a massage ball under one foot and roll it back and forth and in a circle. Repeat with the other leg. The back is straight.
2. We squat in a frog pose, hands on knees, heels together:
   we press our hands on our knees and connect them together;
3. we rest our hands on the floor behind our backs and, sliding the outside of our feet, bend and straighten our legs;
4. Raise your legs and start tapping your feet.
5. We sit on a chair with a straight back, holding its edge with our hands:
   We place our feet one by one on the heels;
6. we walk on our toes back and forth;
7. we take a handkerchief and try to grab it with one foot;
8. transfer the scarf from one foot to the other.
9. The starting position is the same. Hands on the belt. Draw a circle on the floor with the toe of one foot. Repeat with the other leg.
10. We sit on the floor, arms supported behind us, legs bent, feet together, back straight. We raise our legs and press our feet into each other.
11. The starting position is the same. We alternately draw pictures in the air with our toes.

Important! The entire complex is carried out without shoes, additionally providing hardening.

Stretching in kindergarten

Stretching is designed to gently stretch the muscles. In order for the elements to be performed smoothly, without jerks, calm music is used in kindergarten.

The training complex can include the following stretching elements:

• we stand up, arms along the body, toes in different directions, heels next to each other - we rise onto our toes with straight arms, stretching upward as much as possible;

• the starting position is the same - when lifting, we stretch our arms in different directions, fixing ourselves in this position;
• feet parallel, legs at shoulder level - raise our arms and sit down without lifting our feet from the floor;
• lie on the floor on your stomach, clasp your ankles with your hands, raise your head and raise your shoulders and chest, if possible, raise your stomach;
• the starting position is the same, arms along the body, legs straight - bend one leg, leaving the foot on the floor, repeat with the other leg.

Elements for strengthening the muscles of the back and abdomen

You can strengthen your core muscles in kindergarten using exercise equipment such as a horizontal bar, fitball, health discs, expanders, and abdominal benches.

The following elements perform well:

• hanging on the horizontal bar - stretches the back, simultaneously strengthening it;
• pull-ups on the horizontal bar and hanging leg raises;
• passing a fitball while lying on your back from your arms to your legs and vice versa;
• crunches on a fitball or abdominal bench;
• gluteal bridge on a fitball and so on.

And if a wall bars with attachments are installed in the kindergarten, then there should be no problems with strengthening training at all. Preschoolers themselves will find activities to their liking, using the hanging equipment to their advantage.

Dance and sports direction

This is probably the most interesting area of ​​fitness in kindergarten. Thus, the following types of activities can be distinguished:

1. Aerobics Includes all aerobic elements that fill the body with oxygen. Dancing movements, jumping, running - all these cyclical movements stimulate the functioning of the cardiac and respiratory systems and give a great mood.
2. Rhythmic gymnastics A variation of the usual gymnastics, but with an emphasis on intense motor activity. A wide range of movements helps improve coordination abilities and motor memory.
3. Logorhythmics A very interesting direction that combines physical elements with the pronunciation of sounds and their derivatives. Here, in addition to physical development, speech development occurs.
4. Animal aerobics Another type of activity, fun and entertaining, combines aerobics with movements that imitate the behavior of animals.
5. Step aerobics Rhythmic movements to lively music on step platforms. This is where fine motor skills, balance and physical strength are developed.

Sports games in kindergarten article (middle, senior, preparatory group)

Alekseeva V.G., physical education instructor

GBDOU kindergarten No. 14 of a general developmental type with priority implementation of activities for the social and personal development of children in the Krasnoselsky district

St. Petersburg

Sports games in kindergarten

Elements of sports games play a major role in the comprehensive education of preschool children. They are selected taking into account the age, health status, individual inclinations and interests of the child. They use only some elements of sports game technology that are accessible and useful to preschool children. Based on these elements learned by children, games can be organized that are played according to simplified rules.

Sports games strengthen large muscle groups, develop psychophysical qualities: strength, speed, agility, endurance. In sports games, a child’s mental activity and orientation in space increase, intelligence and speed of thinking develop, and awareness of his own actions comes. The child learns to coordinate his actions with the actions of his comrades; he develops restraint, self-control, responsibility, will and determination; His sensorimotor experience is enriched, creativity develops. It is extremely important to take into account the developmental role of joy, strong emotions, and undying interest in the results of the game. A child’s passion for play enhances the physiological state of the body.

Sports exercises replenish and enrich the vocabulary with words such as “racket”, “shuttlecock”, “towns”, “pins”, “bat”, “stick”, “puck”, etc. Sports games relieve nervous tension and help free expression emotions. Mastering the elements of sports games in preschool age forms the basis for further sports activities.

Board games (basketball, volleyball, football, hockey, etc.) help introduce children to the rules of sports games.

The preschool institution always has sports equipment available - skittles, ring throw, grays, badminton, gorodki, volleyball, basketball, hockey. In kindergarten, games are used that give children the opportunity to become familiar with the elements of sports games.

Skittles. Children from the middle group play. For the game, pins of three sizes (large, medium, small) of 6 pieces and 3 balls are used. The task is to knock down the pins with the ball from the stake line at a distance of 1.5 - 3 m. To roll the ball, you need to turn your body half a turn to the right, put your right leg back, and lean forward. Knocked down pins are placed again. The figures in the middle group are created by the teacher, and in the senior and preparatory groups - by the children themselves.

Ring throw. This game is used in older groups. Ring throwers can be tabletop, wall-mounted or floor-mounted. Plot figures are also used as ring throwers (a wooden bird with a tail, Pinocchio with a long nose, etc.). The floor ring thrower is installed on the playground or in the gym. One line is drawn at a distance of 2 m from it and a second line is drawn at a distance of 3 m. The players agree on how many rings each person will throw, then take turns throwing the rings onto the pegs from the first line. Initial position before throwing: the left leg is set back, arms along the body, when aiming, the right hand with the ring is brought forward at waist level; when swinging, it is retracted towards the left hand back; when throwing, the right hand with the ring sweeps forward - down. After the throw, the body straightens. When all the rings have been thrown, they count who threw the most onto the pegs. Then all the children move to the second line and from there they throw rings onto the cones.

Serso. This game is used in older groups. Children stand opposite each other at a distance of 4 - 5 m.

The throw is performed from the starting position: the body is turned half a turn to the left, the left leg is set back, the left and right arms are lowered along the body. The child with his right hand throws the ring from the bottom forward - up so that it is convenient to catch it. Another child is preparing to catch the ring: his left leg is set back, his torso is turned half a turn to the left, his left arm is along his torso, and his right arm is bent in front of his chest.

Training is carried out in the following sequence: rings are thrown and caught by hand; the rings are thrown with a stick and caught with the hand; thrown and caught with a stick. The one who catches the most rings wins.

Badminton. It is recommended to play the game in calm weather on a flat area. Two children stand at a distance of 4 - 5 m from each other. One child throws the shuttlecock, hits it with a racket, pointing it forward (not up) towards the partner. He must take it back. The beating continues until the shuttlecock hits the ground. Badminton can also be played over a net.

To play the game, you need to teach children to hold the racket with their right hand. The racket rests on the base of the palm, the fingers are clenched, and the thumb is slightly extended forward and rests on the handle of the racket.

First, preparatory exercises are carried out with the children: manipulating the racket and juggling the shuttlecock, playing without a net, first with the teacher, and then with each other; playing through the net.

Towns. This game is available to children of the senior and preparatory groups. Before the game, children agree on the number of figures (3 - 4) and their order. Each player receives two bats and throws them one after another, trying to knock the towns out of the square (“city”). At the beginning of the game, the bats are thrown from the horse, and when at least one town is knocked out of the figure, the player throws the bats from the half-horse. After all the towns have been knocked out, a new figure is placed. The order of constructing the figures gradually becomes more complicated.

It is important to teach children how to throw bats correctly. The player stands behind the line, puts his right leg aside and takes a step back with his toe outward, turning his torso half-turn to the right. When swinging, the hand with the bat is pulled back, the weight of the body is transferred to the right leg. The throw is made with a straight arm from the side. In this case, the weight of the body is transferred to the left leg, the body vigorously turns to the left. Throw the bat smoothly, giving it a slow rotational motion.

Volleyball. Children are taught how to pass the ball and serve with two hands. Learning to play volleyball consists of three stages (preparatory, introductory, main). At the preparatory stage, you need to teach the ability to see the ball, quickly react to its flight, and develop coordination of movements. For this purpose, the “Ball School” is used. At the second stage (leading), children are taught to perform exercises with the ball, which are used in volleyball: throw the ball to each other (high, strong) and catch it with both hands, hit the ball with a push of two palms in the right direction. At the main stage, they teach how to throw the ball over the net in compliance with the following rules:

1. Do not hold the ball in your hands, but hit it higher and stronger to throw it over the net.

2. Serve the ball into play not from the corner, but from the field.

Basketball. Children are taught to catch and pass the ball, throw the ball with both hands into the basket, and dribble the ball. In the preparatory period, children 5 years old are taught to hit the ball into the basket from a place with two hands from the chest, throw the ball with the right and left hands. The following exercises are carried out with children 6 years old: passing the ball to each other with both hands from the chest, with one hand from the shoulder; throwing the ball to each other from the chest in motion; catching a ball flying at different heights (at chest level, above the head, on the side, below, near the floor, etc.) and from different sides; throwing the ball into the basket with both hands from behind the head, from the shoulder from different distances (1 - 3 m); dribbling the ball with one hand, passing it from one hand to the other, moving in different directions, stopping and moving again at a signal. During the main period, children learn the rules of playing basketball and play according to simplified rules.

Hockey. In the older group, children master dribbling (rolling) a ball (puck) with a stick on snow, ice (without skates), or grass in a given direction; rolling the puck to each other in pairs, hitting the puck and hitting the goal. In the preparatory group, tasks are given to move the puck with a stick without lifting it from the puck; roll the puck with a stick to each other; hold the puck with your stick; move the puck around and between objects with your stick; shoot the puck into the goal, holding the stick with both hands, right and left; hit the puck into the goal by hitting it from the spot and after dribbling.

Football. At preschool age, children master the elements of playing football. In the senior group, tasks are given: roll the ball with the right and left foot in a given direction; dribble the ball around objects; roll the ball into the goal; hit the ball against the wall several times in a row; pass the ball with one foot to each other in pairs. In the preparatory group, the tasks become more complicated: pass the ball to each other, hitting it with the right and left foot, standing still (distance 3 - 4 m), toss the ball with the foot, catch it with your hands, hit objects with the ball; kick the ball into the goal.

Children should be taught games with elements of sports games gradually, moving from simple to complex. Training should begin with learning common techniques that are similar to a number of games. When learning the basic techniques of sports games, the greatest favorite (especially among boys) is playing gorodki, as well as ball games such as basketball, badminton, and tennis. All sports games, when used wisely, are completely safe for children. The teacher must teach children to follow the basic rules of games. Then the game will be a joy!

Basic rules of fitness in kindergarten

Children's fitness must be divided into age groups. A number of exercises for older preschoolers are not suitable for toddlers. It is also necessary to allocate different times for studying. For example, for younger kindergarteners, training should not last more than 20-25 minutes; in the middle group, training can last half an hour, and in the older group - 35 minutes.

Classes must be conducted under the supervision of a teacher. Before training, it is necessary to check the well-being of the participants and make sure that they have changed into sportswear and shoes.

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Fairy tales for children about the benefits of physical education and sports

Fairy tales and stories about the benefits of physical education and sports

Why do we need stories about sports for children, and what role can they play? What interesting stories for children should you tell your child?

Everyone knows that sport is life. And for sports to become a part of your child’s life, you need to try to involve your child in this area. But how to do this if, for example, living examples do not help, and the child does not have his own desire to join the society of healthy and cheerful sports children? You can use your imagination and some abilities and act differently, for example, tell stories about sports, in which the emphasis is on the fact that sports are fun and healthy, and also that they help in life.

So, what stories about sports will appeal to children and have the effect of attracting them to sports and its unique advertising and propaganda. You can easily come up with such a story yourself, showing a little creativity and imagination. Come up with a hero with a funny name, send him on an adventure, during which he will face difficulties, which various sports will help him cope with. Create and tell stories about sports for children.

I offer this story as an example: Once upon a time there was a Frog. And she decided to go to warm lands, to the seas. The Frog walked and walked, and suddenly there was a river ahead. The Frog thought and thought and decided to swim across it, since she knew how to swim (she went to the Toad for classes). The Frog is swimming and feels that her strength is leaving her, but then she remembers how her trainer Toad taught her to breathe correctly and swam further. Here is the shore already. But there is a Heron who decided to eat the Frog for lunch. But the Frog ran every morning, so he easily escaped from the Heron. The Frog ran and ran and saw that she was on the seashore. Here is a story (with elements of a fairy tale). And in the end we can say: if the Frog had not played sports, he would have drowned or been eaten by the Heron.

In general, all you need is to show your imagination. Or you can simply go to the library or bookstore and borrow or buy a whole book containing interesting stories for children.

Tell them to your child, and you will see that the child himself has expressed a desire to go in for sports.

Magic nose

And what magical things don’t happen in the world!

The young magician and sorcerer Anton Sidorov had a magical nose. Anton used it this way: he made the desired wish, after which he wrinkled his nose and... sneezed. The wish was fulfilled immediately. Anton Sidorov was in poor health, prone to colds, and therefore sneezed quite often. But not all the time. Therefore, it happened more than once that it was not possible to sneeze at the right, crucial moment. And no matter how much the young magician wrinkled his nose, things didn’t go any further.

…It was summer. The sneezing thing was pretty bad. Anton’s mentor and teacher, a fifth-generation sorcerer, doctor of pseudo-scientific sciences, magician Santaclausov, advised Sidorov to walk barefoot. The sneezing became more frequent, and for some time Anton had no worries with his magical nose. But then difficulties arose again: even after getting wet in the rain, I couldn’t get a simple runny nose. Events took a serious turn. One day, Sidorov did not manage to sneeze in time and a goal flew into the goal of his favorite football team. Another time, the delay led to the fact that it was not at all magical to run away from the sorceress Zmeyukina’s dog.

After such serious trials sent by fate, Anton approached the problem of getting a cold with all his usual diligence. The program included various activities that, according to Sidorov, should have had a detrimental effect on his health: walking through puddles barefoot, dousing him with ice water. However, even adding to this the daily consumption of two hundred grams of ice cream, Anton only achieved the disappearance of the tendency to sore throat. And now, when the magic nose began to wrinkle involuntarily, the young magician feverishly made the most urgent and urgent wishes in order to use the now rare sneezing.

When in winter the young magician began to run through the streets in the mornings in a training suit, the sneezing became more frequent for the last time, and then... disappeared forever!

So Sidorov lost his magical nose, or rather, his nose remained in place and all one hundred and five freckles on it, but its magical qualities were lost. But another miracle happened: Anton became surprisingly healthy and strong. Fabulously healthy. One might say - magical!

About nuts

Click and the nut cracks.

“Here are my teeth,” Grisha boasted and took a tasty kernel out of the shell.

“And I can do this,” Sasha could not resist. He put the nut between his teeth, closed his eyes, clenched his teeth with all his might and... “Oh-oh-oh!” the boy shouted. The nut remained intact, but the tooth lay on the palm!

No, you cannot crack nuts with your teeth. But it happens that guys open bottles with their teeth and even pull out nails. And how many candies have been chewed by still immature, childish teeth!

One day, in the kindergarten where Sasha went, a competition for the best drawing was organized. Sasha really wanted the drawing to be bright and beautiful. A battle unfolded on a piece of paper: soldiers were shooting, tanks were burning. What a fight! In his excitement, Sasha, out of habit, chewed on his pencil, so much so that soon there was a stub left from the pencil. The teacher Olga Nikolaevna walked between the tables and watched how the children drew. She came up to Sasha and said: “Please, Sasha, give me a pencil, I’ll correct your drawing.” Sasha held out a pencil, but Olga Nikolaevna did not take it, but only looked attentively and sadly at the boy. At night, Sasha could not sleep for a long time. I kept wondering why Olga Nikolaevna was so upset. And finally he understood! What about you guys?

Gymnastics and Warm-up

Two girlfriends lived in a fairyland - Gymnastics and Warm-up. Most often they could be found at the stadium (this is a place in a fairyland where everyone plays sports). Many children gathered where Gymnastics and Warm-up appeared. With the Warm-up, the children enjoyed playing quiet games; children also gathered in a circle and did various exercises. Gymnastics was fun and perky. The guys laughed merrily, ran, jumped and played. With such friends, children were not afraid of frost, illness, or boredom.

But then one day, when Gymnastics and Warm-up were returning home a little later than usual, they decided to take a shortcut and walked along a path they had never walked on. The path was overgrown with grass, the trees closed their crowns over it and blocked out the sun. It was damp and smelled of either toadstools or mold. The girlfriends were about to go back when the trees parted and a house appeared in the clearing, from which strange sounds were heard: sneezing, coughing and moaning.

“It’s strange,” said Razmka, “it’s summer outside, and someone is sick.”

“Let’s go in and ask if we need help,” Gymnastics suggested.

The girlfriends approached the door, swollen from dampness, and knocked. The door was opened for them by a pale and sick Cold (Gymnastics and Warm-up had never met this girl, since they had never been sick). Despite the heat, the girl was dressed in a fur coat, but she was still shaking from the cold.

“How did you get sick,” your friends asked, “isn’t it warm outside?”

“But I didn’t go outside,” answered Cold, “why, it’s cool in the house, the sun doesn’t bother you, lie down and rest.” Only now the cough and runny nose have overcome me and they just won’t go away. My grandmother Yaga Bessmertovna already brought me a tincture of leeches and lashed me on the back with nettles - nothing helps, it only gets worse.

Do you want us to treat you with our own means? - suggested Warm-up and Gymnastics.

- What, swimming in chicken feathers or rubbing off with frog slime? – cold asked listlessly.

- But you'll see!

When Cold appeared at the stadium in her fur coat (this was at the height of summer), the guys were very surprised, but happily invited her to the game “First”. The cold was boring, and somehow lazy. Over time, the exercises began to become more precise, the movements became dexterous and confident, and in general she began to play football better than anyone else. Cold noticed with surprise that she liked going to the stadium, but not lying on her bed at home, that the sneezing and coughing stopped, and her face became ruddy, her skin tanned. The girl fell in love with physical education and sports so much that she began to practice at home. And they began to call her not Cold, but Exercise. And everyone forgot about the old name, because it no longer suits her.

Forest fairy tale

In one fairy-tale forest lived the little hare Fluff, the chipmunk Nut and the bear Trisha. Every day they met in the clearing, played, ran, jumped and had competitions. Only Trisha, when he came to the clearing, immediately climbed into the bushes and ate raspberries. The animals called him to play, but the little bear always refused. He was too lazy to run along the planks and jump from stump to stump. For Trisha, nothing was better than eating a couple of pots of honey and lying in the sun. Therefore, Trisha was clumsy, lethargic and sleepy. One day there was a strong fire in the forest. All the animals fled from the fire. Only Trisha immediately began to feel out of breath from running, he got stuck in ravines for a long time, and had difficulty climbing over fallen trees. Fluff and Nut could not leave their friend in trouble. They grabbed the bear cub by its thick paws and ran with all their might. When the animals ran along the bridge across the river, the bridge broke under the bear’s weight. Miraculously, the friends managed to reach the shore. Trisha realized how bad it was not to engage in physical education and sports, and promised his friends to do morning exercises every day, run and jump in the meadow.

Two brothers

Once upon a time there were two boys - Vitya and Zhenya. Vitya looked like Zhenya, and Zhenya looked like Vitya like two peas in a pod, because they were twin brothers. Yes, their hair was brown, their eyes were blue, and they were the same height. But for some reason Vitya grew up cheerful, cheerful, cheerful, and Zhenya grew up sad, tired, lethargic. This happened to the brothers because one of them loved to harden himself, did exercises in the morning, and was often in the fresh air. And his brother in the morning, instead of doing morning exercises, liked to sleep longer, instead of dousing himself with cold water, he liked to eat five cakes, instead of walking, he liked to play on the computer. In general, I did anything but physical education.

The most joyful holiday has come - New Year. Vitya and Zhenya were looking forward to it, but this time for some reason there were no gifts under the tree. Before the children had time to get upset, Father Frost and Snow Maiden appeared out of nowhere. The children were very happy to see such guests and wanted to receive gifts as soon as possible. But for some reason Santa Claus is in no hurry to untie his huge gift bag. Having looked closely, Vitya and Zhenya saw a large hole in the bag. “It’s our Grandma Yaga who won’t calm down, she’s always thinking about how to ruin the children’s holiday,” the grandfather explained, chuckling into his beard.

“It’s okay,” said the Snow Maiden, “Now the guys will help us fix everything quickly.” We will hold a competition and whoever wins will be the first to choose a gift.

The conditions were explained to the children, and their task was as follows: to transfer all the gifts from Santa Claus’s bag to two other smaller ones, but still intact. At the signal from the Snow Maiden, the competition began! The boys tried their best, but Vitya did everything much faster, and Zhenya was very tired after a few minutes. When Vita's bag was already full, he, without hesitation, began to help his brother.

“Well,” said the Snow Maiden, “in my opinion, it’s immediately clear who won and why!” Vitya, choose any gift that you like.

However, Vitya said that he and Zhenya are brothers and always do everything together, so they will choose gifts together. Vitya looked at his brother with gratitude and thought deeply: “Why did Vitya win so easily?” Do you guys know?

Behind the yak path

Once upon a time there lived a Gray Paw Wolf in the forest. And there was no life or peace for the bunnies from him: either he would trample all the beds with carrots, or he would catch them and drag them away by the ears. The hares thought for a long time about how to cope with the bully wolf. Among them was the desperate Bunny Long Ear. This little bunny came up with the most fun games, and told the longest fairy tales on rainy days, when it was impossible to go for a walk. Even the adult hares looked at the lively baby with respect. So it’s not surprising that it was he who came up with the way to defeat the wolf.

One fine, sunny morning, all the animals gathered in a forest clearing. Noise, din, chirping of birds. What's the matter, what happened? It turns out that on the largest birch tree there is an announcement written in large letters: “I, the Long Ear Hare, run faster than the Gray Paw Wolf.” The Wolf himself came to the clearing. He pushed the animals aside, went up to the advertisement and began to read. The Wolf was not very literate; he read for a long time. And when I read it, I fell down on the grass laughing. He laughed and laughed, and then he pulled the Bunny out of the crowd by the ears and lifted him into the air:

- Are you the one who runs faster than me?

“I am,” the Bunny squeaked.

- Well well! “The wolf even unclenched his paw in surprise.

The little hare plopped down on the ground. Then he jumped up, brushed himself off and said:

- I challenge you, Wolf, to a competition. We will race around the forest along the hare path. If you overtake me, we, all hares, will serve you: chop wood, cook dinner.

“And I’ll clean the chimney with you!” - the Wolf laughed.

“I agree,” the Bunny sighed. “Well, if I overtake you, then you will leave our forest forever.”

So they decided.

- When is the competition? - asked the Bear, who loved precision in everything.

- In a year. - Said the Bunny.

The Wolf returned to his hut, lay down on the bed and said: “Well, wife, I will now prepare for the competition - lie on the bed all year, take care of my legs!” The She-Wolf went to the forest store, bought a feather bed and three colorful pillows. She wrapped the Wolf up and covered him with a warm blanket. The Wolf is lying down, only his nose is sticking out from under the blanket. The She-Wolf wanted to ventilate the hut, but as soon as she opened the window, the Wolf jumped up on the bed: “Are you trying to kill me? Have a cold? Close the window and turn on the stove. When you go outside, just open the door a little! I missed getting sick before the competition!”

So the Wolf lay there for a whole year, didn’t get out of bed, took care of his legs. And then one day Magpie flew in and knocked on the window:

- Are you lying there, Wolf? All the animals in the clearing have already gathered, waiting for you alone! Competition today.

On this day, all the animals, young and old, gathered in the clearing. So the Wolf and the Bunny stood side by side on the hare path. The Wolf stands big and shaggy, and the Little Hare is shorter than his boot. The Fox jumped forward: “You’re crazy, scythe, how can you compete with the Wolf!” You better run away from here before it’s too late.” And all the animals agreed with her: “The Hare cannot outrun the Wolf! He shouldn’t have come up with this.”

The Bear waved his flag, and the Wolf and the Little Hare raced along the hare's path. The wolf jumped - once, twice and immediately overtook the Bunny. All the hares hid behind a bush in shame. They covered their eyes and ears.

- Oh oh oh! - Squirrel screamed, - what do I see? I can’t believe my own eyes! I've never seen anything like this. The Hare and the Wolf are running side by side. Oh, hold me, otherwise I will fall from the branch. The Hare overtook the Wolf, I can clearly see it from above. The Hare runs ahead of the Wolf, only his heels sparkle. And the Wolf stomps his boots behind him, puffs, puffs, poor fellow. In fifteen minutes the hare ran all over the forest and wasn’t even tired, just a little out of breath. The animals had already begun to disperse when the Wolf arrived. He lost one of his boots somewhere and is limping. He saw the Bunny and growled in rage: “I’ll eat you, Bunny, now!” “No, Wolf, you won’t eat it,” said the Bear, who loved precision in everything, “you’ll have to leave our forest, that was the agreement!”

There was nothing to do, the Wolf and the She-Wolf collected their things, packed their suitcases and went to look for shelter in another forest. When they were already leaving the forest, the Little Bunny jumped out from behind a bush:

— Physical education, hello! - shouts - Don’t come back to us again!

- Tell me goodbye, how did you manage to overtake me? - the Wolf asks gloomily.

“It’s very simple, while you were lying on the feather bed, taking care of your paws, I was training my paws.” I got up early, did exercises, and doused myself with cold water. Every day I ran along the hare path!