Report “Methodological recommendations for the introduction of health-saving technologies in working with preschool children”

Areas of work

The medical direction in the use of health-saving technologies in preschool educational institutions is of utmost importance. It includes a system for the prevention of various diseases, medical examinations with the involvement of specialists from the clinic, correctional work in specialized groups, monitoring the course of chronic diseases in children with the third health group, vitamin prophylaxis, and anti-epidemic direction.
It is impossible to overestimate the importance of hardening activities in kindergarten, such as aerial procedures, outdoor games, finger gymnastics, prevention of flat feet, tonic gymnastics, formation of posture, walking barefoot, acupressure, prevention of respiratory diseases.
Recently, many talented teachers and heads of preschool educational institutions are increasingly turning to innovative technologies. These include tactile tracks, massagers, rhythmoplasty, and logorhythmics.
Monitoring compliance with healthy eating standards. A balanced diet for a child is one of the prerequisites for the development and growth of the child’s body. The presence of fruits, vegetables, boiled meat, cereals, and dairy products on the menu is a standard that all preschool educational institutions must comply with.

Compliance with SanPin requirements for the approach and organization of the educational process. Monitoring compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards is carried out on an ongoing basis and is one of the areas for preserving the health of preschool children.
Do not forget about the physical and mental state of teachers, since all the problems of a teacher are reflected on the emotional level. Various training seminars are organized on the psychological state of teachers, advisory sessions for teachers aimed at timely identifying signs of fatigue in children, and seminars on safety in children’s everyday lives. Also, within the framework of pedagogical councils on health conservation in preschool educational institutions, discussions are held on issues of protecting the health of preschoolers in correctional groups.
The interaction of the preschool institution with the family on issues of preserving the child’s health includes informational stands in each group, covering a number of topical issues for parents on preserving the child’s vision, preventing respiratory diseases, and developing general and fine motor skills. Conversations and consultations are held with parents on the topic of protecting the child’s health. Teachers try to attract parents to participate in physical education events and holidays.

In order for work in such an area as health-saving technologies in preschool educational institutions according to the Federal State Educational Standard to bring real benefits to our children, it is necessary to create optimal conditions for them in kindergarten, to include a system of health-saving technologies in the child’s daily life, taking into account his individual characteristics. Let it be in a playful way so that the child develops healthy habits and a positive attitude towards protecting his health from childhood.

Goals of health-saving technologies in kindergarten

Ensuring and maintaining the health of students at a high level.
Formation of a child’s conscious attitude towards his health.
Developing the ability to maintain your health.
Maintaining contact with parents in valeological work.
Educating adults in terms of health culture.

The effectiveness of the educational and educational work of teachers largely depends on the result of competent application and a systematic approach in such an area as health preservation in kindergarten. It is undeniable that the child, first of all, must be healthy, both physically and psychologically. Shortcomings and omissions in the issue of protecting children's health affect both the educational and educational process. Health-saving technologies have many areas that help to take a comprehensive approach to the task of protecting a child’s health.

MAGAZINE Preschooler.RF

Modern health-saving technologies in preschool educational institutions

Educator: Kolobova N.M.

“I am not afraid to repeat again and again: taking care of health is the most important work of a teacher. Their spiritual life, worldview, mental development, strength of knowledge, and self-confidence depend on the cheerfulness and vigor of children.”

V.A. Sukhomlinsky

Modern health-saving technologies used in the preschool education system reflect two lines of health-improving and developmental work:

introducing children to physical education
use of developmental forms of health-improving work.

The emphasis is shifting from simple treatment and prevention of diseases to promoting health as an independently cultivated value; a set of effective treatment and preventive measures is needed, a system of reliable means of correcting psychophysical development throughout preschool childhood.

In strengthening and maintaining one’s own health, the decisive role belongs to the person himself. Inextricably linked with this is his ability to assess his health and his physical capabilities. The effectiveness of self-assessment of health directly depends on knowing yourself. For a preschool child it provides:

knowledge of the rules of hygiene and caring for your body;
knowledge of the most dangerous risk factors for health and life;
knowledge of how a person works, which organs need special protection;
knowledge about your physical development, level of physical fitness.

Modern health-saving technologies

Technology is a tool for the professional activity of a teacher, accordingly characterized by a qualitative adjective - pedagogical.

The essence of pedagogical technology is that it has a pronounced phasing (step-by-step), includes a set of certain professional actions at each stage, allowing the teacher to foresee the intermediate and final results of his own professional and pedagogical activities during the design process.

Health-saving educational technologies (HET):

a systematically organized set of programs, techniques, methods of organizing the educational process that does not harm the health of its participants;
qualitative characteristics of educational technologies based on the criterion of their impact on the health of students and teachers;
technological basis of health-saving pedagogy.

Health-saving technologies in preschool education are technologies aimed at solving the priority task of modern preschool education - the task of preserving, maintaining and enriching the health of the subjects of the pedagogical process in kindergarten: children, teachers and parents.

Technologies for preserving and stimulating health: Stretching, rhythmoplasty, dynamic pauses, active and sports games, relaxation, aesthetic technologies, finger gymnastics, eye gymnastics, breathing gymnastics, invigorating gymnastics, corrective gymnastics, orthopedic gymnastics.
Technologies for teaching a healthy lifestyle: Physical education, problem-based games (game training and game therapy), communicative games, classes from the “Health” , self-massage, acupressure self-massage, biofeedback (BF).
Corrective technologies: Art therapy, musical influence technologies, fairy tale therapy, color influence technologies, behavior correction technologies, psycho-gymnastics, phonetic and speech therapy rhythms

Forms of organizing health-saving work:

physical education classes
independent activities of children
outdoor games
morning exercises (traditional, breathing, sound)
motor-health-improving physical training sessions
exercise after nap
physical exercises combined with hardening procedures
physical exercise walks (to the park, to the stadium)
physical education
sports holidays
health procedures in the aquatic environment.

Existing health-saving educational technologies can be divided into three subgroups:

Organizational and pedagogical technologies that determine the structure of the educational process, helping to prevent overwork, physical inactivity and other maladaptive states;
Psychological and pedagogical technologies related to the direct work of the teacher with children;
Educational technologies, which include programs for teaching how to take care of your health and creating a culture of health.

The goal of health-saving technologies in preschool education

In relation to a child - ensuring a high level of real health for a kindergarten pupil and fostering valeological culture as the totality of a child’s conscious attitude to health and human life, knowledge about health and the ability to protect, support and preserve it, valeological competence, allowing a preschooler to independently and effectively solve healthy problems lifestyle and safe behavior, tasks related to the provision of basic medical, psychological self-help and assistance.

In relation to adults - promoting the establishment of a culture of health, including a culture of professional health for preschool teachers and valeological education of parents

Types of health-saving technologies in preschool education

medical and preventive;
physical education and recreation;
technologies to ensure the socio-psychological well-being of the child;
health preservation and health enrichment for preschool teachers;
valeological education of parents; health-saving educational technologies in kindergarten.

Medical and preventive technologies in preschool education are technologies that ensure the preservation and enhancement of children’s health under the guidance of medical personnel of preschool educational institutions in accordance with medical requirements and standards, using medical supplies. These include the following technologies: organizing monitoring of the health of preschool children and developing recommendations for optimizing children's health; organization and control of nutrition for children of early and preschool age, physical development of preschool children, hardening; organization of preventive measures in kindergarten; organization of control and assistance in meeting SanPiN requirements; organization of a health-saving environment in preschool educational institutions.

Physical education and health technologies in preschool education - technologies aimed at physical development and strengthening the health of preschoolers: the development of physical qualities, motor activity and the formation of physical culture of preschoolers, hardening, breathing exercises, massage and self-massage, prevention of flat feet and the formation of correct posture, nurturing the habit of daily physical activity and health care, etc.

The implementation of these technologies, as a rule, is carried out by physical education specialists and preschool teachers in the conditions of specially organized forms of health-improving work.

Health-saving educational technologies in kindergarten - technologies for educating a valeological culture or a culture of health in preschoolers. The goal is the development of a child’s conscious attitude to health and human life, the accumulation of knowledge about health and the development of skills to protect, support and preserve it, the acquisition of valeological competence, which allows a preschooler to independently and effectively solve the problems of a healthy lifestyle and safe behavior. This is a technology for personality-oriented education and training of preschoolers. The leading principle of such technologies is taking into account the child’s personal characteristics, the individual logic of his development, taking into account children’s interests and preferences in the content and types of activities during upbringing and training.

Technologies for ensuring the socio-psychological well-being of a child are technologies that ensure the mental and social health of a preschool child. The main task of these technologies is to ensure emotional comfort and positive psychological well-being of the child in the process of communicating with peers and adults in kindergarten and family. These include: technologies for psychological or psychological-pedagogical support of child development in the pedagogical process of preschool educational institutions

Technologies for health saving and health enrichment for teachers are technologies aimed at developing a culture of health for teachers, including a culture of professional health, and developing the need for a healthy lifestyle.

Technologies for valeological education of parents - the task of these technologies is to ensure valeological education of parents of preschool children.

In order to cooperate with parents in promoting a healthy lifestyle in children, we have developed a system of activities, which include:

parent meetings, consultations, conferences, conversations,
competitions, sports events, health events,
family club
sliding folders,
personal example of a teacher,
non-traditional forms of working with parents.

Let's list some of them:

Stretching - no earlier than 30 minutes. after meals, 2 times a week for 30 minutes. from middle age, in a physical education or music hall, or in a group room, in a well-ventilated room, special exercises to music. Recommended for children with sluggish posture and flat feet.
Dynamic pauses - during classes, 2-5 minutes, as children get tired. Recommended for all children as a preventive measure against fatigue. May include elements of eye exercises, breathing exercises and others, depending on the type of activity.
Outdoor and sports games - as part of a physical education lesson, on a walk, in a group room - low, medium and high degrees of mobility. Daily for all age groups. Games are selected according to the age of the child, the place and time of the game. In kindergarten we use only elements of sports games.
Relaxation - in any suitable room, depending on the condition of the children and goals, the teacher determines the intensity of the technology. For all age groups. You can use calm classical music (Tchaikovsky, Rachmaninov), sounds of nature.,
Finger gymnastics – from a young age, individually or with a subgroup daily. Recommended for all children, especially those with speech problems. Conducted at any convenient time (at any convenient time).
Gymnastics for the eyes – daily for 3-5 minutes. at any free time depending on the intensity of visual load from a young age. It is recommended to use visual material and demonstration by the teacher.
Breathing exercises – in various forms of physical education and health work. Ensure the room is ventilated and the teacher give children instructions on mandatory nasal hygiene before the procedure.
Dynamic gymnastics – daily after nap, 5-10 minutes.
Corrective gymnastics - in various forms of physical education and health work. The form of implementation depends on the task and the number of children.
Orthopedic gymnastics – in various forms of physical education and health work. Recommended for children with flat feet and as a prevention of diseases of the supporting arch of the foot.
The use of a step platform contributes to the formation of posture, the musculoskeletal corset, the development of movement coordination, the strengthening and development of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, and the formation of rhythmic movements.

“Step” (from the English Step - step, light knock or blow) is a direction in pop dance that focuses on the rhythmic pattern of sounds that arises from the impact of the foot on the floor.

Technologies for teaching healthy lifestyles

Physical education – 2-3 times a week in a sports hall or music hall. Early age - in a group room, 10 min. Young age - 15-20 minutes, middle age - 20-25 minutes, older age - 25-30 minutes. Before class, it is necessary to ventilate the room well.

Problem-based games (game training and game therapy) - in your free time, possible in the afternoon. The time is not strictly fixed, depending on the tasks set by the teacher. The lesson can be organized unnoticed by the child, by including the teacher in the process of play activity.

Communication games – 1-2 times a week for 30 minutes. from an older age. Classes are structured according to a specific scheme and consist of several parts. They include conversations, sketches and games of varying degrees of mobility, drawing, modeling, etc.

Classes from the “Health” - once a week for 30 minutes. from an older age. Can be included in the lesson schedule as cognitive development.

In the morning, perform acupressure self-massage. It is carried out on the eve of epidemics, in the autumn and spring periods at any time of the day. It is carried out strictly according to a special technique. Recommended for children with frequent colds and respiratory diseases. Visual material (special modules) is used.

Corrective technologies

Technologies of musical influence - in various forms of physical education and health work; or separate classes 2-4 times a month, depending on your goals. Used as an aid as part of other technologies; to relieve stress, increase emotional mood, etc.

Fairytale therapy – 2-4 lessons per month, 30 minutes each. from an older age. Classes are used for psychological therapeutic and developmental work. A fairy tale can be told by an adult, or it can be a group story, where the narrator is not one person, but a group of children, and the rest of the children repeat the necessary movements after the storytellers.

Color influence technologies – as a special lesson 2-4 times a month, depending on the tasks. Correctly selected interior colors in our group relieve tension and increase the child’s emotional mood.

Health-saving technologies used in combination ultimately form a strong motivation in the child for a healthy lifestyle.

Hardening is an important link in the system of physical education of children. It provides training of the body's defenses, increasing its resistance to the effects of constantly changing environmental conditions. Hardening gives a healing effect only if it is carried out competently and the following principles are strictly observed:

hardening activities fit harmoniously into all routine moments;
are carried out systematically against the background of the optimal thermal state of children, against the background of their positive emotional mood;
are carried out taking into account the individual, age characteristics of children, health status, level of hardening;
the strength of impact and duration of hardening procedures increases gradually.

Of the wide selection of existing forms of hardening, the most accessible ones can be identified:

keeping children in a group room in lightweight clothing during the day;
conducting morning exercises in the fresh air throughout the year;
walks in the open air. If organized correctly, a walk is one of the important moments of hardening. In the summer, when the air temperature reaches 18-20 degrees in the shade, the whole life of the children is transferred to the site. In the cold season, the duration of children's stay in the air is 3.5-4 hours in any weather, in clothes that do not restrict the child's active activity;

Salt hardening from a young age (after dynamic gymnastics, wet blankets are laid out on the paths and children walk stomping along the path. In the nursery they go through 3 laps, in the younger group - 3-4 laps, in the middle group 4-5 laps. The first 5-6 hardenings are carried out by the teacher walks along the path with the children, showing which steps to take).

In middle age, the use of air showering is additionally included - this is an effective way to develop resistance to drafts (developed by doctor V.L. Lebed). During the process of showering, the performance of all systems providing thermoregulation increases. Thanks to air procedures, the child becomes more balanced and calm, increased excitability disappears imperceptibly, and sleep improves.

In older age, the use of hot wiping is carried out at a room temperature of at least 23 degrees with a soft mitten moistened with water of a certain temperature.

During the quarantine regime, use of gargling: with water at room temperature 3 times a day, the water temperature is gradually reduced from 36 degrees to 27.

In the preparatory group, the “Riga method” - trampling on pebbles in a saline solution.

The use of special forms of health-saving technologies with the use of a developmental health improvement program leads not only to the preservation, but also to the development of the health of pupils.

A herbal bar where pupils receive an oxygen cocktail. An oxygen cocktail is a juice, herbal solution or any other drink saturated with oxygen to the point of soft, airy foam. Oxygen cocktail is a very useful product. It helps to concentrate and improves memory, improves vision. This is a natural way to get rid of headaches, increases endurance, is a non-drug way to lose weight, calms and stabilizes the nervous system, and guarantees a good mood.

Children throughout the year receive vitamin teas, herbal infusions of chamomile, nettle, St. John's wort, mint, and plantain. Children constantly rinse their mouths with herbal decoctions of sage, eucalyptus, and calendula. With great pleasure, our students participate in tasting herbal teas:

soothing tea (mint, motherwort)
anti-inflammatory tea (St. John's wort, chamomile, plantain)
vitamin tea (currant, nettle, rosehip)
tea that regulates metabolism (rosehip, strawberry).

Preparing a child for a healthy lifestyle based on health-saving technologies should become a priority in the activities of every educational institution for preschool children.

Used Books:

Sharmanova, S.B. The role of parents in introducing preschool children to a healthy lifestyle / S. B. Sharmanova //Management of preschool educational institutions. - 2006. - No. 4. — P.40-45.
Makhaneva M.D. Raising a healthy child // A manual for practical workers in preschool institutions. – M.: ARKTI, 1999.
Penzulaeva L.I. Health-improving gymnastics for preschool children (3-7 years old). – M.: VLADOS, 2002.
Health complex in kindergarten: swimming pool - herbal bar - sauna / Methodological manual // Ed. B.B. Egorova. – M., 2004.
Akhutina T.V. Health-saving teaching technologies: an individual-oriented approach // School of Health. 2000. T. 7. No. 2. P.21 – 28.

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