Project “Does toothpaste affect the strength of teeth?”

Project “Our Teeth!”

I'm not a glutton, not at all.

And then he felt that an invisible needle was stuck into him again.

But I didn’t eat the needle, where did it come from? - The baby didn’t have time to think when he suddenly felt incredible pain in the hole. And the baby began to whimper as hard as he could. Everyone woke up from his roar, from the smallest to the old grandfather. And they began to calm him, poor thing, and persuade him.

As soon as the toothache subsided, every single tooth, including the sleep-deprived baby, went to the clinic. Some for prevention, and some for treatment. After the treatment, the baby became so healthy, so cheerful that even his pale cheeks turned red and rounded. A light appeared in his eyes, and he felt the happiest. And, most importantly, he realized that one should not eat too many sweets. And now he had so many friends that he was surprised himself!

Irina Gurina “The Tale of the Tooth Fairy and Harmful Caries”

High above the clouds there is a magical land. Wizards and witches live there. On a beautiful warm evening, one little Fairy sat on a cloud and watched what was happening in the world. Right under her cloud, in a green clearing, stood a wonderful house. And in the garden behind the house a boy and a girl were playing. Soon their mother’s voice was heard from the house:

- Mashenka! Vanechka! Go have dinner, wash and sleep.

The children put away their toys and ran into the house. The fairy shuddered: someone’s black shadow flashed and disappeared on the threshold of the house. And for a moment it felt cold. Who could it be? But since Fairy didn’t see anything else, she decided that she had imagined it.

Mom baked a delicious pie for Masha and Vanya for dinner. She placed ripe, juicy raspberries on the table in bowls and poured the fresh milk that their cow Burenka gave them into clay cups. The kids really enjoyed the treat! They ate with appetite and helped their mother clear the table.

Then the mother went to make their beds, and told the children to wash themselves, brush their teeth and go to the nursery to listen to an evening story and go to bed.

Masha and Vanya were so tired during the day that they decided to just wash their faces and agreed not to brush their teeth. And they decided not to tell my mother anything about it, so as not to upset her. That's what they did.

Not good, thought Fairy. Deception never leads to good.

The children listened to their mother’s evening story, and when their eyes began to close, mother lit a small night light on the table, kissed them on their rosy cheeks and, closing the door, left the room. Through the open window, in the light of the night lamp, Fairy could clearly see what was happening in the nursery. She saw the door open slightly and the same black shadow that she had seen at the threshold of the house quietly slid into the room. The fairy recognized who it was and trembled with fear. It was the Evil Wizard Caries! Caries comes to people who do not take care of their teeth. He bewitches their teeth, and they begin to turn black, crumble, and become very painful! So, you have to go to the Dentist. But sometimes, even a good doctor cannot save teeth enchanted by harmful caries, and they have to be removed. Most of all, Caries loves children's teeth because they are so small, so delicate and easier to bewitch.

Research work “Why you need to brush your teeth”

Content

Chapter I. _ Clean teeth are the key to health ……………………………………………1-2

Chapter 2. Research methods and results………………………………………….. 2-6

2.1. Practical work No. 1 “Sociological survey”………………………………………………………3

2.2. Practical work No. 2 “Sociological research”……………………… 4-5

2.3. Practical work No. 3 “Experiment to assess the quality of brushing teeth with

using special coloring solutions"……………………………………….6

Chapter 3. General conclusions on the work and recommendations……………………………………. 7

Literature…………………………………………………………………………………… 8

Applications

WHY DO YOU NEED TO BRUSH YOUR TEETH?

Avilkina Valeria Viktorovna

Russia, Tyumen region, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra, Surgut district, Lyantor,

municipal budgetary educational institution

"Lyantor Secondary School No. 4", 4th grade

annotation

Our health largely depends on what and how we eat. This fully applies to dental health. But what is beneficial for the body as a whole is often harmful to the teeth. And it’s quite stupid to destroy your teeth while improving your health. To prevent this from happening, we need to know what and how is good for our teeth to eat.

Hypothesis: We assumed that a person is born with healthy teeth and they should remain so throughout his life.

The purpose of my work : to find out whether clean teeth is really the key to health; to form hygienic skills to prevent the occurrence and development of caries.

Tasks:

1. Find out why teeth are needed and how they are arranged?
2. What foods affect dental health?
3. How do children feel about preserving their teeth?

Subject of research : human teeth

Research methods: theoretical (analysis of facts from literature, Internet sources); empirical (comparison, comparison, conducting a social survey); mathematical (statistical processing); research (an experiment to evaluate the quality of teeth cleaning using special coloring solutions).

Practical significance of the work : having examined the state of dental health and general care for them, we can confidently conclude that in order to prevent diseases of the oral cavity and teeth, observing a daily routine, normal sleep, proper and nutritious nutrition, hardening the body, and fulfilling certain hygienic requirements .

Chapter I. _ Clean teeth are the key to health

Our health largely depends on what and how we eat. This fully applies to dental health. But what is beneficial for the body as a whole is often harmful to the teeth. And it’s quite stupid to destroy your teeth while improving your health. To prevent this from happening, we need to know what and how is good for our teeth to eat. My dad works as a dentist, he recommends brushing your teeth at least twice a day after meals. From time to time, dad buys us a rinse with fluoride, which we use to rinse our mouths. “This is necessary to prevent caries,” he explains to us. Questions arise: what is caries and what needs to be done to prevent it?

An adult has 32 teeth, different in structure and function. Humans need teeth for biting, crushing and chewing food. Healthy teeth add a dazzling smile to your face, but we must not forget that teeth play an important role in the formation of speech sounds.

Teeth are the hardest parts of our body. [4] The top of the tooth is covered with enamel, a hard, smooth, shiny substance. Hidden under the enamel is dentin, the main substance that makes up the tooth. Even deeper, the pulp is a soft tissue rich in blood vessels and nerves. Nutrients and microelements enter the tooth through the vessels. [5-6] All teeth have roots. The base of the tooth is surrounded on all sides by gum.

Chapter 2. Research results

At all times, dazzling white teeth have been considered a sign of excellent health and beauty. From a medical point of view, oral hygiene is a huge aesthetic factor and an indicator of a person’s culture. We decided to conduct a sociological survey of children of the preschool educational institution “Smile” and find out how they maintain oral hygiene. (Appendix 1, video material). [7]

2.1 Practical work No. 1 “ Sociological survey of children of the preschool educational institution “Smile””

Equipment: video camera, book “Lessons of Aibolit”.

Progress:

15 preschoolers took part in the thematic survey. They were asked to answer several questions.

Research results:

Based on the survey results, we found out:

a) at this age children have already met with a dentist;

b) know the basics of oral care;

c) know the negative impact of sweets on teeth;

Conclusion: The survey results showed that preschoolers know about dental care, strive to maintain oral hygiene, and have an idea of ​​foods that are good or bad for teeth.

2.2 Practical work No. 2 “Sociological research”

Equipment: questionnaires.

Progress of work: We conducted a survey among students in grades 8-11 of secondary school No. 4. A total of 40 questionnaires were distributed, of which 40 were returned.

The questionnaire contained questions aimed at determining the level of sanitary and hygienic knowledge and skills in the field of preventive dentistry, and the attitude of high school students to dental treatment.

Research results:

a) the study of interview data with schoolchildren made it possible to establish that knowledge and skills in oral care among high school students are at a fairly high level (Table 1) . Thus, among schoolchildren, 93.5% brushed their teeth regularly, and 6.5% brushed their teeth irregularly.

b) among adolescents who regularly cared for their oral cavity, 34.7% used one-time tooth brushing, 58.8% used two times. Moreover, 51.1% of schoolchildren brushed their teeth correctly, after breakfast and before bed.

c) the children used a toothbrush to brush their teeth. Almost all adolescents (93.0%) used toothpaste, only a few used toothpowder (0.3%).

d) the majority (81.0%) of high school students knew about additional methods of oral hygiene (flossing, using toothpicks and rinses), and 59.7% used them in practice. Chewing gum was used by 95% of schoolchildren, but only 41.0% of adolescents used it after meals. More than half of high school students used chewing gum “whenever they wanted.” [8]

e) high school students answered correctly about the culture of proper nutrition; they did not confuse foods and drinks that are healthy and harmful for teeth. However, most teenagers did not put their knowledge into practice and consumed easily digestible carbohydrates in excess quantities. Almost all schoolchildren (97.6%) consumed carbohydrate-containing foods (chips, cakes, muffins, etc.) and drinks (various colas and the like) between main meals, and believed that after this there was no need to rinse the mouth, brush teeth or use of chewing gum. Every second teenager (49.9%) reported that they add more than three tablespoons of sugar to their tea.

Since a balanced diet is a necessary condition for teeth to remain strong and healthy, I monitored nutrition in the school cafeteria for six months (Table 2).

My observations showed that the food in the school canteen is varied. But Table 2 shows that those containing the main sources of calcium - milk, dairy products, eggs, raw vegetables - are not given at all or rarely in the canteen.

f) studying the answers of high school students to questions regarding attitudes towards dental treatment revealed reliable data (Table 3) . 36.6% of high school students reported fear of visiting a dentist, and 63.4% reported no fear. 32.4% of schoolchildren expressed a negative attitude towards the dentist, while 67.6% expressed a positive attitude. [9]

Apparently, children's attitude towards dental treatment influenced the reason for visiting the dentist. Schoolchildren most often visited the doctor for preventive procedures (65.7%), less often for dental treatment (59.9%).

Conclusion: Thus, a comparative analysis of the data obtained showed that adolescents have fairly well-developed oral care skills: they regularly brush their teeth with a toothbrush and toothpaste, and correctly brush their teeth twice (after breakfast and before bed).

At the same time, adolescents have not retained the skills of proper nutrition and regular use of additional methods of oral care.

Schoolchildren were found to have a positive attitude towards the dentist, a lack of fear of dental treatment, and a preventative focus on visits to the doctor. A clinical dental examination of the oral cavity was carried out on a third of respondents.

No matter how hard our teeth are, they can decay. Normally, a large number of microbes live in the human mouth; some of them, when sugar enters the oral cavity, can form sticky substances that are fixed on the surface of the tooth (the so-called dental plaque). But over time - 18-28 hours - the plaque becomes hard, bacteria multiply on it, and when sugar re-enters, acid is formed, which destroys tooth enamel. [10] This is how tooth decay begins. [eleven] . So, the process of formation of hard plaque lasts on average 20 hours, so by removing plaque from the surface of the tooth 2 times a day - once every 12 hours, you can significantly reduce the likelihood of caries. [ 12 ]

It turns out that ancient people cared about oral hygiene. They used various sticks - toothpicks - to remove pieces of remaining food from the surface of the tooth. [13] Several thousand years ago, the inhabitants of Egypt used brushes made from tree branches with fluffy ends. [14] But the inventor of modern brushes is considered to be the Chinese emperor, who made the first toothbrush 500 years ago. [15] The bristles of Chinese toothbrushes were made from the scruff of the Siberian wild boar, and the handles were made from wood or animal bone. In 1937, nylon was invented and fibers began to be made from it. Our stores and pharmacies also have a very large assortment of toothpastes, flossing rinses and toothpicks. [ 16 ]

In order to identify the relationship between the appearance of soft plaque, which subsequently leads to caries, and the quality of teeth cleaning, we decided to conduct an experiment. The main condition of the experience was that I had to come with unclean teeth.

2.3 Practical work No. 3 “ Experiment to assess the quality of teeth cleaning using special coloring solutions ”

Equipment: dental chair, caries marker, toothbrush, toothpaste.

Progress:

First, I familiarized myself with the equipment of the dental office. [17] The dentist then examined my mouth. [18] Next, the doctor, using an applicator, applied a special dye, a caries marker, to my teeth, which he then washed off with water. [19-20] Areas of enamel covered with a soft coating remained colored. [21] This indicates a high risk of caries. The next step was to thoroughly rinse the mouth with the antiseptic chlorhexedine and re-evaluate the presence of soft plaque on the tooth enamel. [22] At the last stage of the experiment, I brushed my teeth using a toothbrush and paste. [23] After which the dentist again applied a caries marker to the enamel of my teeth, washed it off with water and assessed the result .[24-25]

Conclusion: A large amount of soft plaque accumulates on unbrushed teeth, which significantly increases the risk of developing caries; thoroughly rinsing the mouth with an antiseptic somewhat improves the situation, but does not completely remove plaque, and only conscientious brushing of the teeth for at least 3-4 minutes completely removes soft plaque from the teeth.

3. Conclusions:

1. A tooth is not a pebble, but a living organ, very important for a person.

2.Caries is the destruction of a tooth under the influence of various factors.

3. Already several thousand years ago, people began to brush their teeth.

4. Personal oral hygiene is the simplest and most accessible method of preventing dental diseases and a factor in the health of the entire body.

Chapter 3. Recommendations:

1. There are certain rules for dental care that allow you to avoid dental diseases.

2. After conducting research, I learned that most respondents know these rules, but do not always follow them.

3. I will always try to take proper care of my teeth, because I realized that this is very important.

“FORGET ABOUT LAZINESS - BRUSH YOUR TEETH TWICE A DAY”
Literature

1. Avraamova O.G. The use of fluoride-containing toothpastes in the system of prevention of major dental diseases in children (planning and effectiveness). – Author's abstract. dis. ... doc. honey. Sci. – M., 2005. – 45 p.
2. Children's Encyclopedia of Cyril and Methodius. The structure of my body. Teeth.
3. Kuzmina E.M. Prevention of dental diseases. – M., 2001. – pp. 115-122.
4. Kupets T.V., Matelo S.K. //Children's dentistry. – 1998. – No. 1. – P. 31–34.
5. Leontyev V.K., Avramova O.G. //Dentistry for everyone. – 2000. – No. 1. – P. 14–16.
6. Luneva N.A., Maslak E.E. //Pediatric dentistry. – 2002. – No. 3-4. – pp. 42-44.
7. Encyclopedia for children. Human. //Avanta - 2001. - Volume 18. - P. 131 - 134.
8. Information portal “Pediatric Dentistry” - Healthy teeth for children.

Annex 1.

Memo 1.

Some practical tips for oral care

1. Each family member should have their own separate toothbrush.
2. You need to brush your teeth in the morning after breakfast and in the evening before going to bed. After each meal you should rinse your mouth with water.
3. After brushing your teeth, lather the brush and leave it like that in a clean glass until the next time you brush your teeth. Before brushing your teeth, the brush should be rinsed with tap water.
4. Never use someone else's toothbrush!
5. A toothbrush is a personal hygiene product.
6. It is advisable to change your toothbrush every three months.
7. Oral care products are divided into therapeutic, preventive and treatment-and-prophylactic. Your dentist will tell you which product you need. Therefore, it is necessary to visit the dental clinic at least once a year.
8. You should brush your teeth from all surfaces for 1.5-3 minutes. The number of movements with a toothbrush is 150-300.
9. In order to prevent diseases of the oral cavity and teeth, adherence to a daily routine, normal sleep, proper and nutritious nutrition, hardening of the body, and compliance with certain hygienic requirements are necessary and beneficial for the whole body.

Appendix 2

Memo 2.

DID YOU KNOW?

• The teeth are covered with enamel.
• It is hard and protects teeth from damage.
• If you don't care for your teeth properly, a hole (caries) appears.
• A hole in a tooth always hurts.
• Bad teeth also harm other organs - the heart, kidneys.

HARMFUL!

• Nibble nuts.
• Eating very cold or very hot food.
• Eating foods that are harmful to teeth (especially a lot of sweets).

WE RECOMMEND!

• Eat fruits and vegetables.

• DO NOT abuse sugar and sweets!
• Brush your teeth twice a day: after breakfast and before bed.
• Change your toothbrush every 3 months!
• Visit your dentist twice a year.

And you will have a dazzling smile!

Appendix 3

Table 1 - Results of a survey of high school students on oral care issues.

Appendix 4

Table 2 - List of products that help strengthen the structure of tooth enamel.

Appendix 5

Table 3 - Attitudes and reasons for high school students’ visits to the dentist.

Progress of the experiment:

Plain water was poured into 2 glasses, citric acid was poured into one of the glasses and stirred with a spoon. We took 2 eggs, because the egg shell resembles tooth enamel, it is as hard as enamel. One egg was placed in water, and the other in water with citric acid. And they began to watch. The egg, which was placed in acid, immediately became covered with bubbles; after 2 hours the egg floated to the surface. The next day we saw that the acid had destroyed the shell.

Conclusion: the acid that forms in the mouth after eating food destroys tooth enamel.

Experience “How to brush your teeth ”

Goal: learn how to brush your teeth .

Materials: pieces of paper, toothbrush.