Protecting and promoting the health of children in preschool educational institutions

Preschool childhood is a very short period in a person’s life. Protecting and strengthening children's health and developing healthy lifestyle habits is one of the key goals in the preschool education system. And this is understandable - only a healthy child can develop harmoniously.

How to strengthen and maintain children's health? The answer worries both teachers and parents. It is known that preschool age is decisive in the formation of the foundation of physical and mental health. After all, it is up to the age of 7 that a person goes through a huge developmental path, unique throughout his entire subsequent life. It is during this period that intensive development of organs takes place, the formation of functional systems of the body, the main personality traits are laid, character and attitude towards oneself and others are formed. It is important at this stage to form in children a base of knowledge and practical skills of a healthy lifestyle, a conscious need for systematic physical education and sports.

The main health objectives of the kindergarten for the physical education of preschoolers are:

-Protecting the lives and strengthening the health of children;

— Comprehensive physical development and improvement of body functions;

— increased activity and overall performance;

-Formation of vital motor skills of the child in accordance with his individual characteristics, development of physical qualities;

-Creating conditions for the fulfillment of children’s needs for physical activity;

- Fostering the need for a healthy lifestyle;

-Ensuring physical and mental well-being.

The system of health improvement work in preschool educational institutions is carried out in the following areas:

- use of variable daily routines and the child’s stay in kindergarten.

— various types of organization of the child’s physical activity regime.

— therapeutic and preventive measures.

At the preschool educational institution we use the following systems of physical education and recreation activities:

Morning exercises are carried out daily, the purpose of which is to create a cheerful, cheerful mood in children, strengthen health, develop dexterity, physical strength, morning exercises are accompanied by music, which has a beneficial effect on the emotional sphere, promotes a good mood, and forms preschoolers’ ideas about a healthy lifestyle;

2. Health promotion is carried out through improving the physical development of children in special physical education classes in the hall and outdoors in each age group, their goal is to teach children how to correctly perform movements, various exercises aimed at developing body coordination and increasing independent motor activity, accompanied by music;

3. We pay special attention to hardening procedures

, promoting health and reducing morbidity. This :

- health walks, daily;

-washing with cool water before eating, after each time you get your hands dirty;

-air baths after sleep, light physical exercise;

-walking barefoot along massage paths;

—

daytime sleep also strengthens the nervous system of children;

- lazy gymnastics after sleep;

4. Breathing exercises are included in the daily routine: in morning exercises, between classes, in physical education classes, as well as in individual work with children.

5. The daily routine also includes finger exercises, which promote the development of fine motor skills and tactile sensations.

6.Various forms and methods of physical education are used, aimed at enhancing motor activity and developing children’s endurance. Non-traditional forms of work in physical culture have been introduced: step-aerobics, recreational running, acupressure, rhythmic gymnastics, aerial hardening, salt paths, massage mats, breathing exercises, physical exercises in classes, self-massage using non-traditional equipment, exercises for the development of fine motor skills.

7. Active forms of recreation are carried out: sports festivals, entertainment, competitions. Systematic work to protect and promote children's health is carried out in close contact with teachers and medical workers.

8. For the purpose of health-improving and therapeutic-prophylactic work with children, preventive and corrective work is carried out. These are exercises to correct flat feet, posture, and eye exercises.

9. Children also improve their health with the help of an oxygen cocktail.

10. Children's massage is carried out.

To solve health, correctional, educational and educational problems, hygienic factors, natural forces of nature, and physical exercises are used. Performing physical exercises in the fresh air enhances their effectiveness. Carrying out activities, games and exercises with increased physical activity while walking allows you to dress children in lightweight clothes even in cold weather.

Without the understanding and support of parents, all efforts of preschool employees aimed at protecting and promoting the child’s health will not be effective. Parents and kindergarten are employees in this matter. We use the following forms of interaction with parents: parent meetings, consultations, individual conversations, visuals (wall newspapers, brochures, memos), joint events (holidays, drawing competitions, excursions).

The results of medical and health work in preschool educational institutions can be considered an improvement in the health of children, a low level of morbidity during influenza epidemics, a reduction in the number of absences due to illness, as well as the creation of a sustainable health-saving system.

Thus, a comprehensive system of measures has been formed in the kindergarten to help reduce the level of morbidity in children, preserve, strengthen and develop the psychophysical health of each child.

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.1. This regulation on the health of pupils was developed for the Preschool Educational Institution "Pervouralsk Kindergarten" LLC, hereinafter referred to as the Preschool Educational Institution "PDS" in accordance with the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ "On Education in the Russian Federation" (Article 41, Art. 52), sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations SanPiN 2.4.1.3049-13, regulations of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Education of the Sverdlovsk Region, the Charter of the preschool educational institution.

1.1 Objectives of the preschool educational institution “PDS” to protect the health of pupils:

provision of primary health care in the manner established by legislation in the field of health care;
organizing meals for pupils;
determination of the optimal academic and extracurricular load, daily routine;
promotion and training of healthy lifestyle skills, labor protection requirements, safety rules;
organizing and creating conditions for the prevention of diseases and the improvement of pupils’ health, for them to engage in physical education and sports;
students undergo periodic medical examinations and medical examinations in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation;
ensuring the safety of pupils during their stay in the preschool educational institution "PDS";
prevention of accidents with pupils during their stay at the preschool educational institution “PDS”;
carrying out sanitary, anti-epidemic and preventive measures.

2. ORGANIZATION OF ACTIVITIES IN THE PRESIDENTIAL IU "PDS" FOR PROTECTING THE HEALTH OF PUPILS

21. The organization of health protection for pupils of the preschool educational institution “PDS” (with the exception of the provision of primary health care, periodic medical examinations and medical examinations) is carried out by a full-time medical worker-nurse.

2.2 Medical care for pupils is carried out at the sites at the children’s place of residence. Workers - on a contractual basis, with the Pervouralsk Dermatovenerological Dispensary No. 4, Federal State Institution Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Sverdlovsk Region, Pervouralsk, vaccinations, routine examinations and fluorography - at the place of registration of workers.

2.3. When organizing educational activities, preschool educational institution "PDS" creates conditions that guarantee the protection and strengthening of the physical and psychological health of students, including providing:

current monitoring of the health status of pupils (responsible - staff nurse, teacher);

the dynamics of children's health indicators, morbidity, sickness absence rates are monitored (responsible - staff nurse, teacher);
the level of physical development of children is determined (anthropometric data ((2 times a year) responsible - a staff nurse);
referral for medical examination of children of senior preschool age at the place of residence (responsible - staff nurse).
1. carrying out sanitary and hygienic, preventive and health measures, training and education in the field of protecting the health of citizens in the Russian Federation:

compliance with the disinfection regime and diet
compliance with the drinking regime
children's observance of personal hygiene rules
hardening
compliance with the ventilation and quartz regime of groups
organizing the supply of food products, including vegetables and fruits, with mandatory compliance with the temperature conditions for transportation, storage and sale, and the availability of a full package of documents confirming their quality and safety
1. compliance with state sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations;

Investigation and recording of accidents with pupils during their stay at the preschool educational institution "PDS" in the manner established by the federal executive body exercising the functions of developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of education, in agreement with the federal executive body performing the functions of development of public policy and legal regulation in the field of healthcare.

2.4. Preschool educational institution "PDS" ensures accounting and control of factors that influence the health status of pupils (by conducting examinations, laboratory tests of social, economic and environmental conditions of the surrounding reality);

2.5. Preschool educational institution "PDS" ensures that the infrastructure of the educational institution meets the conditions for preserving the health of students:

compliance of the condition and maintenance of the territory, building and premises;
compliance of equipment (for water supply, sewerage, ventilation, lighting) with the requirements of sanitary regulations, fire safety requirements, and road safety requirements;
availability and necessary equipment of premises for feeding students, pupils, as well as for storing and preparing food in accordance with the requirements of sanitary rules);
equipping the gym and other sports facilities with the necessary equipment and inventory in accordance with the requirements of sanitary rules for the development of basic and additional educational programs;
equipping, in accordance with the requirements of sanitary rules, premises for the work of medical personnel with equipment for conducting preventive examinations, preventive measures of various types, immunization, primary diagnosis of diseases, provision of first aid; availability of health-preserving equipment used for preventive purposes;
formation of a culture of health among teaching staff of an educational institution (the presence of knowledge and skills on the use of health-saving methods and technologies; a health-saving communication style; lifestyle and a responsible attitude towards one’s own health).

2.6. Preschool educational institution "PDS" ensures in the organization of educational activities the formation in pupils of a system of knowledge, attitudes, rules of behavior, habits, attitude of pupils to their health related to the promotion of health and the prevention of its disorders, the formation of a culture of healthy and safe lifestyle for pupils;

2.7. Preschool educational institution "PDS" carries out work on the organization of physical education, recreation and sports work in an educational institution, the organization of a system of educational and methodological work with participants in the educational process on issues of a healthy and safe lifestyle, the implementation of additional educational programs focused on the formation of the value of health and healthy lifestyles that can be implemented both in class (classroom) and extracurricular (extracurricular) activities;

2.8. Ensures compliance with sanitary standards required for the organization of the educational process (volume of workload for the implementation of basic and additional educational programs, time for independent educational work, rest time, satisfaction of the needs of students in physical activity), including when introducing pedagogical innovations into the educational process.

2.9. Interacts with institutions of additional education, culture, physical culture and sports, healthcare and other interested organizations on issues of protection and promotion of health, safe lifestyle of pupils.

2.10. In the educational process, it ensures continuity and continuity of teaching a healthy and safe lifestyle at various stages of preschool education.

3. FUNCTIONS OF MEDICAL STAFF

3.1. The medical worker who organizes the health care of preschool children performs the following functions:

3.1.1. Develops:

a plan for organizational and medical work, taking into account effective health technologies and recommendations of modern medical science;
a plan of preventive and health-improving work, including measures to prevent diseases, preserve and strengthen the health of children;
sets of physical exercises to prevent musculoskeletal disorders, develop correct posture in children and prevent flat feet (together with a physical education instructor);
reminders on organizing the daily routine, physical activity regimen (together with the senior teacher).

3.1.2. Composes:

a menu that provides balanced nutrition for pupils;
schedule for vaccination and sending pupils to sites at their place of registration
schedule for monitoring employees' compliance with the sanitary and epidemiological regime.

3.1.3. Carries out:

dynamic medical observation of the physical development and growth of children;
anthropometric measurements of pupils;
distribution of children into medical groups;
medical initial examination;
providing first aid in case of accidents;
monitoring the well-being and physical condition of children after vaccinations and during physical education classes;
differentiation of children into groups for physical education in order to prevent and correct existing disorders;
identification of sick children, their timely isolation;
informing the administration and teachers of the preschool educational institution "PDS" about the health status of children, the recommended regime for pupils with health problems, acute infections, influenza, enterobiasis, etc.;
informing territorial health care institutions and Rospotrebnadzor about cases of infectious and parasitic diseases among pupils and employees of the preschool educational institution “PDS” within two hours after the diagnosis is established.

3.1.4. Conducts:

consultations on issues of physical development and health improvement of children;
consulting and educational work with teachers, parents (or legal representatives) on issues of physical development of children, education of a healthy lifestyle, prevention of infectious diseases, adaptation of children;
measures for the prevention and prevention of diseases (vitaminization, herbal medicine, etc.);
working with students and employees of the preschool educational institution “PDS” to promote a healthy lifestyle.

3.1. 5. Participates:

in conducting screening testing of children;
pedagogical meetings on issues of health improvement and hardening of children.

3.1. 6. Controls:

physical activity regimen for children, taking into account their age and individual capabilities;
motor activity of children in physical education classes and during the day;
organizing and conducting hardening events;
quality of children's nutrition;
sanitary and hygienic conditions for the implementation of the educational process;
compliance with personal hygiene rules by children and employees of the preschool educational institution “PDS”;
compliance by maintenance and technical personnel with the sanitary and epidemiological regime;
maintenance by employees of the preschool educational institution "PDS" of the established documentation within the limits of their powers.

3.1.7. Prepares and maintains the following documents:

plan of organizational work to protect the health of pupils for a year, month.
plan of preventive and health work.
journals and charts in accordance with the nomenclature of medical work cases.
lists of children by groups.
Children's attendance records.
children's medical records.
menu.
reports on medical care for children for the calendar and academic year.
certificates, reports based on the results of inspections and controls.

4. FINAL PROVISIONS

4.1. This provision comes into force from the moment of approval and issuance of the order of the head of the preschool educational institution "PDS". 4.2. Changes and additions are made to the Regulations as necessary and are subject to approval by the head of the preschool educational institution "PDS".

The regulations are drawn up on 5 (five) pages.

MAGAZINE Preschooler.RF

FORMATION OF THE FUNDAMENTALS OF HEALTH AND OWN SAFETY IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

Khokhlova G.T., Karaseva N.S. -educators

MBDOU "Kindergarten of a combined type No. 31 "Scarlet Flower" , Belgorod region, Gubkin

Human health and safety are a necessary condition for the realization of all human potential, the basis for achieving any success. Taking care of your health and safety allows you to live a life that is fulfilling in all respects. Health is not only the absence of disease or physical defects, it is a state of complete mental and social well-being. Health is a joyful attitude towards difficulties. The level of health largely depends on the lifestyle that a person leads, so the main task is to teach children the principles of a healthy and safe lifestyle, to create conditions for maintaining and strengthening their health.

The modernization of Russian education involves not only large-scale structural, organizational and economic changes, but, first of all, a significant update of the content of general education, bringing it into line with the Federal State Educational Standard and the country's development goals.

In connection with the introduction of the Federal State Educational Standard, preschool education in Russia is going through a stage of intensive reform and development. Modern life has proven the need to ensure safe life and has required training for preschool employees, pupils and their parents in safe behavior on playgrounds and in kindergarten premises.

When organizing work with children, special attention is paid to the fact that children can make a choice - to work alone or in a subgroup, that is, in partnership with other children or adults. Children can independently choose which adult will become their partner.

In modern conditions, when there is a lag in the physical and neuropsychological development of children, the role of physical activity increases, there is a need to introduce a system of physical education and health technologies and technologies for social and psychological well-being in the educational process of preschool children. This requires a rational regional, i.e. taking into account the region where the preschool educational institution is located, the system of activities in each area (physical education and health, hardening, treatment and prophylaxis) and the time required to carry them out. The above determines the relevance of the argumentation and physiological and hygienic justification for the use of systematic physical education and health work to preserve and strengthen the health of preschool children in a preschool educational institution. The state of health itself is formed as a result of the interaction of external (natural and social) and internal (heredity, gender, age) factors. The problem of raising a healthy generation is currently becoming increasingly important. The deterioration of health is influenced by many factors, including the wrong attitude of the population towards their health and the health of their children. The deterioration of the health of preschool children in Russia has become not only a medical problem, but also a serious pedagogical problem. The speed with which crisis phenomena in this area of life are growing is amazing. One of the reasons for this is the lifestyle of families where children are raised today. In most families, you can find so-called risk factors: chronic infectious diseases, unbalanced diet, low physical activity, smoking, alcohol and drug abuse, etc. In this case, there is often not one, but a combination of several factors present in the family.

Children and their parents have not developed a value-based attitude towards their health, which is explained by insufficient promotion of pedagogical and medical knowledge about a healthy lifestyle.

The task of early formation of a culture of health is relevant, timely and quite complex. How to strengthen and maintain the health of our children? How to promote the formation of a child’s physical culture? How to instill healthy lifestyle skills? When should this start? Preschool age is decisive in the formation of the foundation of physical and mental health. After all, it is up to the age of seven that intensive development of organs and the formation of functional systems of the body occurs, the main personality traits are laid, and character is formed. It is important at this stage to form in children a base of knowledge and practical skills of a healthy lifestyle, a conscious need for systematic physical education and sports.

At the same time, there is still a “skew” in the educational programs of preschool institutions towards subject preparation for school, which does not ensure the formation of those personality qualities that help the child learn: children come to school who read and count, but have scanty sensory experience. Particularly noteworthy is the lack of physical qualities in children (perseverance, the ability to exert themselves without harming their health, to simply correct their emotional state, to switch from one activity to another), that is, those indicators that are closely related to self-education.

Even strictly following the requirements of SanPin about the maximum educational load for a child, we can say that the rhythm of a child’s life in kindergarten remains high; it is not always possible to maintain an optimal balance between educational and physical activities. This is the contradiction: on the one hand, the work of a kindergarten presupposes exceeding the educational standard in all areas of child development, which in turn is ensured by the introduction of partial programs and the implementation of additional education programs. On the other hand, to solve the main task of preschool education: preserving and strengthening the child’s health, it is necessary to ensure an optimal motor mode in kindergarten, sufficient time in the daily routine for implementing health-improving activities.

Consequently, there is a need to create a system of work in which health-improving activities are integrated into educational ones, which ultimately contributes to the preservation and strengthening of the child’s physical and mental health and the formation of healthy lifestyle habits.

Today, preserving and strengthening children’s health is one of the main strategic objectives of the country’s development. It is regulated and ensured by such regulatory documents as the Law of the Russian Federation “On Education” , “On the Sanitary and Epidemiological Welfare of the Population” , as well as Decrees of the President of Russia “On urgent measures to ensure the health of the population of the Russian Federation” , “On approval of the main directions of state social policy to improve the situation of children in the Russian Federation” , etc.

The current state of society, the highest rates of its development, represent ever new, higher demands on a person and his health. The importance of the cult of health is increasing significantly. “Health is a peak that everyone must conquer themselves,” says Eastern wisdom. The task of teachers is to teach children to conquer this peak. To live in our world, a person must have control over himself: over his body, soul, mind. With a strong mind and a strong body, you can achieve any success, any heights.

A modern person has no right to consider himself educated without mastering the culture of health. A culture of health determines, first of all, the ability to live without harming one’s body, but benefiting it. Health is not only the absence of disease, it is a state of optimal performance, creative output, emotional tone, that which creates the foundation for the future well-being of an individual.

Therefore, the main tasks for improving the health of children in kindergarten are the formation of their ideas about health as one of the main values of life, the formation of a healthy lifestyle. Teachers must teach the child to make the right choice in any situation, only what is beneficial to health and to reject everything harmful. Instill in a child from an early age the right attitude towards his health, a sense of responsibility for it. These tasks can be solved by creating a holistic system to preserve the physical, mental and social well-being of the child, which involves changing the education system in connection with the introduction of the Federal State Educational Standard.

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