PROGRAM for the artistic and aesthetic development of children through the means of fine arts in preschool educational institutions (in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard)

MAGAZINE Preschooler.RF

PROGRAM for the artistic and aesthetic development of children through the means of fine arts in preschool educational institutions (in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard)

The program was compiled by: art teacher: Salimova V.A. methodologist: Lozko V.Yu. Khanty-Mansiysk

“In children’s creativity (with proper guidance) the child’s self-expression and self-affirmation occurs, his individuality is clearly revealed” (V. A. Sukhomlinsky)

I. EXPLANATORY NOTE

Relevance. Drawing is one of the most important means of understanding the world and developing knowledge of aesthetic education, since it is associated with the independent practical and creative activity of the child. In the process of drawing, a child’s observation and aesthetic perception, artistic taste and creative abilities are improved. By drawing, the child forms and develops certain abilities: visual assessment of shape, orientation in space, sense of color. Special skills and abilities are also developed: eye-hand coordination, hand control.

Systematic mastery of all necessary means and methods of activity provides children with the joy of creativity and their all-round development (aesthetic, intellectual, moral-labor, physical). And also, it allows you to fruitfully solve the problems of preparing children for school.

The works of domestic and foreign specialists indicate that artistic and creative activity performs a therapeutic function, distracting children from sad, distressing events, grievances, relieving nervous tension and fears. Causes a joyful, upbeat mood and ensures a positive emotional state for every child.

The content of the educational field “Artistic Creativity” is aimed at achieving the goals of developing interest in the aesthetic side of the surrounding reality, satisfying children’s need for self-expression through solving the following tasks:

development of children's productive activities (drawing, modeling, appliqué, artistic work);
development of children's creativity;
introduction to the fine arts.

This program is based on an understanding of the priority of educational work aimed at developing perseverance, accuracy, patience, the ability to concentrate, fine motor skills and coordination of hand movements in children.

Novelty. For a long time, the main task of the circle was to teach children fine arts skills using traditional and non-traditional drawing techniques. But work practice shows that the full artistic and aesthetic development of a child is impossible without his moral education. Personality, like an artistic image, represents the unity of form and content in their interdependence.

The moral qualities of preschoolers are actively developing through exposure to art, music, literature, and folk culture. The integration of aesthetic feelings and moral experiences creates the basis for understanding the value of everything created by nature and man.

In each section of the program, the line of development of social and aesthetic feelings becomes an obligatory component of the education and development of preschool children.

Also, a distinctive feature of this program is the development of the communicative abilities of preschoolers based on their own creative activity.

The program was developed in accordance with the current Federal State Educational Standard and is an innovative educational program document.

This program develops in children the creative abilities they need for subsequent training in fine arts at school.

Type of program: compiled - compiled on the basis of various developments and collections:

I.A. Lykova “Colored palms” ;
T. S. Komarova “Classes in visual arts in kindergarten” ;
T. G. Kazakova “Classes with preschoolers in visual arts” ;
T. N. Doronova “Visual activity and aesthetic development of children from 4 to 5 years old” ;
A. S. Galanov, S. N. Kornilova, S. L. Kulikova “Classes with preschoolers in fine arts” ;
T. A. Danilina, V. Ya. Zedgenidze, N. M. Stepina “In the world of children's emotions” and others.

The program has complete methodological support, demonstration and handout material, contains methodological recommendations, lesson notes for all ages.

Purpose of the program: Development of creative and mental abilities, cognitive activity through visual arts classes.

Pedagogical tasks:

 Educational

To form in preschoolers initial knowledge about visual creativity.
To familiarize yourself with the basic concepts of artistic activity, means of expression and methods of depiction.
To instill skills in working with pencils, paints, paper, plasticine and other materials, based on studying the laws of realistic depiction, in a form accessible to children.
Introduce children to non-traditional techniques.

 Developmental

To promote the development of visual abilities through educating children in the ability to observe, see the features of surrounding objects, compare them with each other, find common and different features in them, and highlight the main thing.
Develop cognitive processes of aesthetic perception: figurative and spatial thinking, imagination, attention, memory.
Develop the child’s creative abilities: taste, sense of color, compositional solutions, artistic choice.
Develop fine muscles of the fingers and motor functions of the hands.
Promote the development of sensorimotor skills.
Promote the development of coordination in the work of the eyes and hands, develop coordination of movements, accuracy of actions.
Develop communication skills.

 Educational

To cultivate in children moral and volitional qualities: the need to complete a task, to study with concentration and purpose (perseverance), to overcome difficulties; accuracy of work.
Nurture and develop skills in interpersonal relationships with peers - establishing friendly contacts, the desire to help each other, goodwill.
Cultivate trusting and open relationships with adults, recognition of their authority, expectation of help and support.
Foster a caring attitude towards your own work and the work of your comrades, art supplies and objects around the group.

 Health-saving

1. Teach health-saving technologies: preservation of vision, proper posture during work.

Program sections:

Basics of artistic representation

Modeling

Artistic work

Age of children participating in the implementation of the work program: children from 2 to 7 years old (2-year-old - preparatory group).

Implementation period: 4th year of study.

Forms of organization of the educational process:

OOD (organized educational activities)
Activities of the Fine Arts Club “Magic Fingers”
Individual work (when performing complex work)
Inviting DPI masters to visit
Visiting museums and children's exhibitions
Participation in exhibitions and competitions

Organization of educational activities in groups according to the main program:

Age of children: second junior group, middle group, senior group, preparatory group

Period: 4 years.

Classes are held: 1 OOD lesson per week (based on 36 calendar weeks in the academic year)

Duration of one lesson: in the early development group – 8-10 minutes.

in older groups – 10-15 minutes

in younger groups – 15-20 minutes

in older groups – 20-25 minutes

Next >

Partial program “Aesthetic education of preschool children through arts and crafts”

Author:

Ermolaeva Nina Vasilievna Teacher of the highest qualification category MBDOU kindergarten "Lastochka" Sovetsky district Khanty - Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Ugra

PROGRAM OF THE CIRCLE in decorative and applied arts “ARTISTS - CRAFTWORKERS” (for children of senior preschool age)

REVIEWERS: E.A. Russkikh, Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Deputy Director for Educational Work of the RGSU branch in Sovetsky. I.S. Telegina, Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Medical Education and Science of the State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "Nizhnevartovsk State Humanitarian University".

The program provides for introducing preschoolers to Russian folk crafts and includes an introduction to the symbolism of Russian decorative art and its meaning. Work in decorative and applied arts lasts 2 years. This program is aimed at developing children's creative abilities and aesthetic education of children.

Explanatory note “The highest form of art, the most talented, the most ingenious is folk art, that is, what was captured by the people, preserved, what the people carried through the centuries.” M.I. Kalinin The problem of the development of children's creativity is currently one of the most pressing in both theoretical and practical terms: after all, we are talking about the most important condition for the formation of individual identity already in the first stages of its formation. Many scientists wrote about the role and importance of folk decorative art in raising children (A.V. Bakushinskaya, P.P. Blonsky, T.S. Shatsky, N.P. Sakulina, Yu.V. Maksimov, R.N. Smirnova and other). They noted that art awakens the first bright, imaginative ideas about the Motherland, its culture, contributes to the education of a sense of beauty, and develops the creative abilities of children. Our difficult times are a time of social change. Political storms and upheavals. They literally burst into the lives of each of us. Folk games, amusements and toys are being replaced by commercialized spectacles, and television screens are flooded with cruelty. In essence, this is alien to the nature of a child, the nature of a growing person. Raising a citizen and patriot who knows and loves his homeland is a particularly urgent task today cannot be successfully solved without a deep knowledge of the spiritual wealth of one’s people and the development of folk culture. The process of cognition and assimilation must begin as early as possible, as our people figuratively say: “With mother’s milk,” a child must absorb the culture of his people through lullabies, nurseries, nursery rhymes, fun games, riddles, proverbs, sayings, fairy tales, decorative works. applied arts. Only in this case will folk art, this unclouded source of beauty, leave a deep imprint in the child’s soul and arouse lasting interest. The beauty of their native nature, the peculiarities of the life of the Russian people, their all-round talent, hard work, and optimism appear before children vividly and directly in the works of folk artists. It is impossible to imagine the culture of Russia without folk art, which reveals the original sources of the spiritual life of the Russian people, clearly demonstrates their moral, aesthetic values, artistic tastes and is part of their history. Experience is of great importance for the spiritual development of preschool children, their aesthetic education, and familiarity with the art of folk craftsmen. Folk art raises themes of great civic content and has a deep ideological influence on children. It helps children look at familiar things and phenomena in a new way, and see the beauty of the world around them. The teacher is predetermined by a high mission - to bring all moral values into the world of childhood, to help the child discover this world in all the richness and diversity of decorative and applied arts. This means that any activity, meeting with a toy, creative activity, conversation is subordinated to a single goal: to comprehensively develop the child’s personality, because all children should live in a world of beauty, games, fairy tales, music, fantasy and creativity. Children are introduced to the basics of arts and crafts in all education and training programs in preschool institutions, but the methodological recommendations that are available in the programs are not enough or there are very few of them. Having analyzed the Rainbow education and training program, I considered it advisable to use a more in-depth acquaintance with folk art in my work. The need for this program exists because we live where it is not possible to see the direct technological process of making artistic tableware, household items and toys. And the children do not have the opportunity to come into contact with decorative and applied arts - to hold in their hands products from Gorodets painting, a Dymkovo toy, objects with Gzhel painting, etc. Therefore, I set myself the goal of giving children the joy of creativity, introducing them to the history of folk art, show examples of modeling and working with a brush, introduce figurative stylization of plant and geometric patterns. The developed program for the development of creative abilities through the perception of folk art is designed for two years of study and is an attempt to update the content of visual activities in the section “Acquaintance with folk art” in a preschool educational institution. The implementation of the program takes place in the process of expanded, in-depth acquaintance of children with products of folk artistic crafts, familiarization with the symbolism of Russian decorative art and the independent creation of decorative products. The novelty and distinctive feature of the “Crafts Artists” program is that it is innovative. The work system uses non-traditional methods and ways to develop children's creativity. Homemade drawing tools are used. Children become more familiar with the symbolism of Russian decorative art and its meaning. Familiarity with ornaments and ornamentation as an independent type of productive activity underlies the introduction of preschool children to decorative and applied arts. The topics of the program lessons give preschoolers a more holistic understanding of the Slavs’ figurative vision of the structure of the world, the foundations of the origin of ornament and symbolism. Its meaning was expressed in the fact that people have always tried to participate in the battle of light and darkness, good and evil. The program for introducing a child to Russian arts and crafts is based on the principles of constructing general didactics: connection with life, systematicity, realism, activity, controllability, consistency, an individual approach in teaching and artistic development of children, accessibility of material, its repetition, construction of program material from simple to complexity, clarity. The purpose of the program : Formation and development of the foundations of the child’s artistic culture through folk arts and crafts. Objectives of the program: • To introduce children to folk arts and crafts in the context of their own practical creative activities; to cultivate a sustainable interest in folk art as a standard of beauty; • Be able to use non-traditional techniques and enjoy your work; • Develop aesthetic (emotional-evaluative), imaginative perception, aesthetic feelings; • Develop artistic and creative abilities in children, the habit of bringing elements of beauty into life; • To promote familiarity with the classical patterns of folk arts and crafts (color, content, alternation, symmetry, asymmetry in the pattern, applicability of the pattern to the form, visual techniques, etc.); • Based on mastering the artistic experience of folk craftsmen, develop children’s individual creativity in ornamental activities: special artistic abilities - a “sense” of color, rhythm, composition, independence, creative initiative. Directions of work: 1. Introducing children to examples of folk arts and crafts. 2. Children’s independent creation of decorative items. The main form of work is group classes. Classes are held as a group once a week. 27 - 28 classes are held per year. Individual work with children in classes to familiarize themselves with decorative and applied arts is carried out in order to: • Identify the approximate level of development of children’s visual activities, the child’s attitude towards activities and decorative and applied arts. Taking into account the individual abilities of children. • Identify possible promising robots with a child (tasks, content, forms, methods). • Plan work aimed at developing creative abilities. Individual work is carried out systematically. The performance of the task, the quality of children's work, and attitude to the activity are analyzed. Contents of the work : Educational material is selected taking into account the age, individual characteristics of children and the topic of classes. It gradually becomes more complex. Having introduced children to the craft and aroused the desire to create their own product, a purposeful process of its production takes place. To develop creative abilities, it is recommended to use unconventional drawing techniques, experimenting with various art materials, didactic games, silhouette modeling, physical exercises, and exercises for drawing elements of paintings. Various methods and techniques are used in the work: simultaneity (ensures children’s independent creative exploration by means of expressiveness); method of examination, visualization (examination of authentic products, illustrations, albums, postcards, tables, videos and other visual aids); verbal (conversation, use of literary words, instructions, explanations); practical (children independently make decorative items, use various tools and materials for images); heuristic (development of resourcefulness and activity); partially search; problem-motivational (stimulates children’s activity by including a problem situation in the course of the lesson); “apprentice” method (interaction between teacher and child in a single creative process); co-creation; motivational (persuasion, encouragement); hand gesture (the child shows the elements of the pattern by touching it with his finger, finds the same or identical shape by color, element). Stages of work: The entire educational process is divided into two stages: Stage I – Preparatory. Objectives: • To introduce children to examples of folk arts and crafts. • Develop the ability to see, understand, and appreciate the beauty of handicrafts. • Perceive the content of the pattern, the features of its visual and expressive means, the functional connection of the decorated object with the traditions of folk art. • Form a sense of rhythm, symmetry, harmony. Stage II – Practical. Objectives: • Independently transfer your impressions and ideas about folk art into different types of artistic activity: modeling and drawing. • Use various methods when sculpting: constructive, sculptural, plastic, combined, circular molding, picking up clay in a stack. • Independently build a composition of patterns on different products, taking into account their shape, fill most of the part with the pattern. • Independently compose compositions of patterns, use color combinations based on knowledge of the characteristic features of paintings. • Use new tools (including those created independently), a variety of image materials, traditional and non-traditional techniques for performing work. To successfully implement the assigned tasks, the program involves close interaction with teachers and parents. Such cooperation determines the creative and cognitive nature of the process, the development of children’s creative abilities, and determines its effectiveness. Work with teachers includes: conversations, consultations on the development of creative abilities and the use of non-traditional drawing techniques, holding master classes, workshops, showing open classes in arts and crafts, making homemade tools. Working with parents involves: individual consultations, conversations, recommendations, folders, information stands, displays of open classes, release of a “Do It Yourself” insert, workshops, master classes, exhibitions of children’s creativity and surveys on issues of artistic development of children. The program widely uses technical teaching aids: TV, stereo, camera, video camera, DVD, etc. Expected result: Senior group: • Recognize and name familiar types of folk arts and crafts; • Make up patterns incorporating familiar elements of folk painting and create decorative compositions based on folk products; • Are able to compare objects of familiar types of art, find their similarities and differences; • They sculpt decorative items from clay using the following methods: constructive, circular molding; • They use some types of unconventional drawing in their work. • Independently and creatively apply the skills and abilities acquired in the classroom. Preparatory group: • Distinguish and name types of folk arts and crafts; • Able to independently analyze the product and design; • Characteristic means of expression are identified: pattern elements, color, color combinations, composition of color spots, symmetrical and asymmetrical composition patterns, etc. • Paint the product in accordance with folk painting; • Model products from clay using a variety of methods: constructive, sculptural, plastic, combined, circular molding, picking up clay in a stack; • Apply acquired knowledge, skills and abilities in their work; • They use a variety of non-traditional drawing techniques in the process of creating products. Methods for assessing the effectiveness of the program: Quantitative analysis: • attendance; static data; recording activities in the work log; tracking the result (observation, diagnosis); practical materials. Qualitative analysis: • formation of new skills and abilities; analysis of the success of activities in achieving goals; analysis of diagnostic material; comparative analysis of the initial and current state of the problem. The form of summing up the results of the implementation of this program is: the participation of children in KVNs, entertainment, holidays, leisure time dedicated to folk crafts, children's exhibitions in kindergarten and beyond, the creation of the Big Book “Folk Crafts Fair”. The proposed program is variable, that is, if the need arises, adjustments to the contents and forms of classes, and the time for completing the material are allowed. The program can be used in the work of studios, clubs, as a specialized one, for additional education of children in artistic and creative development, as well as within the framework of educational programs in the section “Artistic and Aesthetic Education” in order to familiarize children of senior preschool age with folk and decorative arts. applied arts. The program was also tested in kindergarten. The children's great interest in folk culture, and in particular in Russian folk art, and the desire to create decorative items on their own prompted them to organize a decorative and applied arts club “Craftsmen” in kindergarten.

CONTENTS 1. Explanatory note 2. Curriculum 3. Educational and thematic plan Contents of work: 4. Long-term work plan (5-6 years) 5. Long-term work plan (6-7 years) 6. Methodological support 7. Legends, fairy tales 8 Conversations with children and artistic expression about crafts 9. Bibliographic list Appendix to the program: 10. Lesson notes 11. Didactic games 12. Physical exercises 13. Pedagogical examination

Get acquainted with the program: CIRCLE PROGRAM.doc (948.5 KB)

We invite teachers of preschool education in the Tyumen region, Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug and Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra to publish their teaching materials: - Pedagogical experience, original programs, teaching aids, presentations for classes, electronic games; — Personally developed notes and scenarios of educational activities, projects, master classes (including videos), forms of work with families and teachers.

Why is it profitable to publish with us?

1. “Kindergartens of the Tyumen Region” is an officially registered specialized media outlet at the federal level. 2. The activities of the editorial office are supported by the Department of Education and Science of the Tyumen Region 3. We issue a “Certificate of Publication” in the media. 4. The document has a unique number, is entered in the register, has the original seal of the editorial office of the online publication and signature. 5. “Certificate of publication” in the media is sent to the author in both paper and electronic versions.

Details >>>

Sample “Certificate of publication of author’s methodological material in the media.”pdf