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For children in senior and preparatory school groups, games with vegetables and fruits are organized starting in the fall, at the beginning of the school year.
Although the tasks in them are quite complex, children are to some extent prepared for their implementation: they see what they do at home with vegetables and fruits, and they themselves take part in the work of adults (sorting vegetables and fruits for pickling, jam, and canning). In addition, in the fall there is always a rich selection of natural materials for a variety of games. The sequence of games is determined by gradually more complex didactic tasks and the amount of knowledge that children must learn. So, at the beginning, games are played to recognize objects based on one characteristic (taste, shape, touch). Then the teacher introduces a more complex task, requiring knowledge of the parts of plants - composing a whole from parts. And finally, the most difficult task is to determine the degree of ripeness of vegetables and fruits (given to preschoolers after learning about the changes in the external characteristics of plants after ripening). Games to introduce children to vegetables and fruits
Tops and roots
Didactic task. Make a whole from parts.
Game action. Searching for your mate.
Rules. You can look for your “top” or “spine” only when given a signal. You can’t pair up with the same child all the time; you have to look for another pair.
Progress of the game. During a walk after harvesting in the garden, the teacher divides the children into two groups. He gives roots to one of them (onions, turnips, carrots, potatoes), to the other - tops. “All the tops and roots are mixed up. One, two, three - find your mate.” Based on this signal, all children choose a mate for themselves.
Second option: the “tops” (or “roots”) stand still. There is only one subgroup of guys running on the playground. The teacher gives the command: “roots”, find your “tops”! Children should stand in such a way that the tops and roots form one whole. Correct execution can be checked by the “magic gate” (the teacher and one of the children), through which all pairs pass.
Ask, we'll guess
Didactic task. Describe objects and find them by description.
Game action. Guessing riddles about plants.
Rules. Give the description in the usual order: first talk about the shape, then about the color, taste, smell. You cannot name the item when describing it.
Progress of the game. Vegetables and fruits are placed on the edge of the table so that all children can clearly see the details of their shape and uneven color.
First option. One child goes out the door, he leads, and all the rest prepare a description of any plant. The driver needs to guess and name what the children talked about. The teacher can remind or invite the children to remember the sequence of description: shape, its details, color, surface, taste.
Second option. A child describes an object, and another recognizes it from the description. The teacher asks the person who is talking about a vegetable or fruit not to constantly look at the item he is talking about, otherwise the others will easily guess.
The postman brought a parcel. Guess what's in the bag
Didactic task. Describe objects and recognize them using a didactic task. Describe the signs perceived in the description. touch.
Game action . Making riddles ( descriptions ) and guessing Game action . Guessing by touch .
Rule. You need to talk about what you received without naming the item.
Equipment. The teacher places vegetables and fruits one at a time in paper bags and then places them in a box.
Progress of the game. The box (parcel) is brought to the group. The teacher says: “Today the postman brought us a parcel. It contains different vegetables and fruits.” The teacher gives several children a bag and asks them to look into them. “And now, without saying what’s there, tell us one by one what you received in the package, but so that everyone can guess.” Children name vegetables and fruits by description.
The guessed items are placed on the table. At the end of the game, you need to treat the children and ask them to name exactly the taste sensation, its heterogeneity (sour, sweet and sour, etc.
Rules. When choosing an object, you cannot look at it. Describe by feeling with your hands.
Equipment. Vegetables and fruits of characteristic shapes and varying densities (onions, turnips, radishes, beets, tomatoes, plums, apples, pears, etc.) are placed in a bag.
Progress of the game. The teacher reminds the children that they know the game
“Wonderful bag,” and says that you can play it differently.
“The one to whom I offer to take an object out of the bag will not pull it out, but, having felt it, will name its characteristic signs.” The teacher invites one child to his place and asks him to complete the task. The child tells, all children name an object that they do not yet see, after which the child takes it out of the bag and shows it in his hand. The named item does not go back into the bag.
Ripe - not ripe
Didactic task. Determine the ripeness of vegetables and fruits by external signs.
Game action. Search for a couple..
Rule. You can look for ripe or unripe food only at the teacher’s signal.
Equipment. First, you need to select vegetables and fruits with a clear sign of ripeness, expressed in color. For example, tomatoes, plums, apricots, etc. When repeating the game, you can offer fruits (vegetables) with less noticeable signs of ripeness. For example, apple, pear, etc.
Progress of the game. The game can be played as an outdoor game. The teacher distributes ripe vegetables and fruits to half the group of children, and unripe ones to the rest. At a signal, children look for their mate, that is, a comrade who has the same object in his hands, but of a different maturity. During the game, children exchange vegetables and fruits several times in order to better recognize ripe and unripe vegetables and fruits.
Edible - inedible
Contents of tasks. Let's remind children that vegetables are grown for food. For some, the above-ground part - the tops - is used as food, for others - the underground part - the roots. The day before, read the fairy tale “The Man and the Bear” to the children, and then
invite the children to remember its content: the man and the bear decided to plow and sow together, and split the harvest in half. The cunning man always chose the edible part (tops or roots), and gave the rest to the bear.
Didactic task. Select plants used in food.
Rule. You cannot name fruits and berries, since they are sown for more than one year, and it will be easy for the bear to find out which part is edible. A man should choose such vegetables for sowing that he gets the edible part.
Equipment. On the table are vegetables and fruits with edible roots (carrots, beets, turnips, radishes, onions, etc.) and with edible tops (cabbage, tomatoes, peas, cucumbers, etc.). Progress of the game. The teacher calls two children. One of them will play the role of a man, the other - a bear. The man offers vegetables for sowing so that he gets the fruit, but the bear gets the tops or roots, which they don’t eat. For example, he says: “We will sow radishes.
In the fall I’ll take some roots for myself.” The bear chooses another part of the plant that is not used for food: “I already took the roots before, they are not tasty (last time we “sowed” them, for example, cabbage). I’ll take the tops now.”
When the game is repeated, new children are chosen for the same roles.
Children on a branch
Didactic task. Select items that belong to the same plant.
Game action. Finding your match.
Rules. You can search for a pair after the signal.
Progress of the game. The game can be played as an outdoor game. Children are divided into two subgroups: one is given leaves (“branches”), the other is given vegetables (“kids”). At the signal: “Children,” find your “Branches”! - everyone is looking for a pair, that is, it becomes so that his and his friend’s objects coincide in belonging to the same plant.
What first, what then
Didactic task. Determine the degree of ripeness of vegetables and fruits by external signs.
Game action. Search for your group.
Rule. You can look for your place only by signal.
Equipment. Vegetables and fruits (4-5 names) of varying degrees of ripeness. For example, a green tomato begins to turn red - brown and red.
Progress of the game. The teacher distributes vegetables and fruits to the children and invites them to “mix them up.” At the signal: “Find your vegetable!” - children, holding vegetables and fruits of the same name, gather in groups.
The correctness of the choice is checked by “Magic And within each group they must position themselves so that there is a gate” (teacher and child or two children). The gates can be seen that first, what then, that is, observe that they close (raised hands are lowered) if the couple has completed the ripening sequence - from unripe to ripe. The task is correct. The link that wins is the one that quickly gets together and stands in
When repeating the game, children exchange leaves and fruits. correct sequence.
During the game, children change objects several times.
Vegetable store
Contents of tasks. Remind children that collective farmers
First option.
Vegetables and fruits store
They grow vegetables in the garden and fruits in the gardens. The harvest is brought to the city and stored in vegetable warehouses. Some vegetables and fruits are prepared fresh for the winter (potatoes, onions, carrots), others are salted (cucumbers). Children need to know what to eat
vegetables that are stored both fresh and salted, such as cabbage. Vegetables and fruits that are stored fresh must be sorted often, and any limp or wrinkled ones must be removed.
Didactic task. Select and group items according to how they are used in everyday life.
Rule. Display vegetables and fruits for storage so that they do not spoil and are preserved in winter and spring.
Equipment. Three tables are placed in a row: on one there are vegetables and fruits prepared for sending to the vegetable storehouse, on the other two there are receiving points for the vegetable storehouse. One table is intended for fresh storage (on the “sign” there are vegetables stored fresh, potatoes, beets, carrots, etc.), on the other they will put what will be used for pickling (on the “sign” there is a barrel of cucumbers or something else). Prepare “containers” for storage and transportation of Vegetables and fruits (boxes, jars, carts).
Progress of the game. The teacher says: “The collective farmers have grown a great harvest for all of us. It must be preserved so that everything will last until next autumn. They put vegetables and fruits in the vegetable store for this purpose.” Then the teacher and children distribute and
They clarify the roles in the game: some of the guys will be receivers, the rest will be collective farmers. “Collective farmers” bring the harvest, and “receivers” determine the method of storage; The “receiver” must tell why he selects vegetables and fruits for a certain storage method.
Content of knowledge. Remind the children that in cities they buy fruits and vegetables in stores. Children should know the characteristic external signs of vegetables and fruits and be able to name them. Tell preschoolers that fresh vegetables and fruits, sauerkraut, and cucumbers are brought to the store from the vegetable store.
Ask if the store has compotes, juices, dried fruits, what they were made from, how they were processed.
Didactic task. Group items into categories. Describe and find plants based on their characteristic features. Rule. Describe the purchase without naming it.
Equipment. Prepare signs “Vegetables”, “Fruits” with images of some plants. Set up display cases and counters on two tables.
Progress of the game. The teacher invites children to play the roles of director, seller, buyer. The store director must prepare everything for work: distribute goods into departments, sort salted
Vegetables, processed fruits. Buyers describe what they want to buy, name the department where the product they need is sold, and say what it is made from. The seller names the purchase and gives it to the buyer.
Second option.
Content of knowledge. Have a conversation with the children about the fact that vegetables and fruits and everything that is prepared from them are bought in the store. They are brought there from the vegetable storehouse and cannery. The store buys food to prepare various dishes. Tell us what vegetables and fruits are needed for borscht, soup, vinaigrette, compote, etc.
Didactic task. List the characteristics of an object and find it based on these characteristics. Group vegetables and fruits according to how they are used.
Rules. The director must know where the products came from and distribute them to departments. The buyer must describe what he wants to buy, name the place where it grows, and also select everything necessary to prepare the desired dish. The seller recognizes the product by description and tells you in which department you can buy it.
Equipment. Signs for two departments: “Vegetables”, “Fruits”,
showcases. products.
Progress of the game. Children are assigned to the roles of drivers, store directors, salespeople, and customers.
Drivers bring food from the cannery and vegetable store. The director prepares the store for work: distributes the brought products into departments: vegetable,
fruity; names the place where fruits are processed. Buyers describe the purchase: they say what they want to buy, and name the places where what they have chosen grows; select and describe all the products needed to prepare a dish: borscht, soup, etc. The seller finds the product, names the purchase and department, receives “money,” and issues the purchase.
Shop "Seeds"
Content of knowledge. Tell the children that every plant has seeds. Introduce them to the appearance of the seeds of the most familiar vegetables (carrots, cucumbers, cabbage, tomatoes, etc.). Remind preschoolers of some ways to sow large and small seeds (one in a hole, one in a furrow, “whisper”).
Children must learn that vegetables are grown by gardeners, and flowers are grown by gardeners.
Didactic task. Group plants according to place of growth and use in everyday life. Describe objects and find them by description.
Equipment. A sign with drawings and inscriptions: “Vegetable seeds”, seeds in matchboxes covered with cellophane; a set of small pictures of plants, the seeds of which are in boxes (you can depict only one part, the part most familiar to children: root crop, flower).
Rules. The director must sort the seeds into departments without naming them. The buyer needs to say who he is by profession (florist, gardener), describe the seeds and the plant that will grow from them, and the method of sowing the seeds. The seller must issue the purchase, trying not to use the hint (the picture on the box).
Progress of the game. The teacher assigns children, at their request, to the roles of director, sellers, and buyers. The director prepares the store for opening: he puts up signs, puts seeds into departments, sellers take a place behind the counter, and buyers enter the store. Some of them are flower growers, the rest are vegetable growers. Each buyer names his profession and then describes the seeds and the plant that will grow from them, names the method
sowing. The seller must recognize the seeds from their story, name the purchase and give it to the buyer. The director (and all children) monitors the correct completion of the task.
Canning factory
Content of knowledge. Tell the children that at the cannery, vegetables and fruits are processed for further storage. Jam is made from fruits and berries and juices are made. Vegetables are canned for soups, salads; vegetables and fruits are sometimes dried for preparing various dishes. Before being sent for processing, fruits and vegetables are sorted. The ripest ones are selected for juice.
Didactic task. Determine the ripeness of fruits by external characteristics (color, size, density), group vegetables and fruits by degree of ripeness.
Rules. You can distribute vegetables and fruits around the workshops only by correctly selecting and explaining which of them are ripe and which are not.
Determine what juices can be made from, what can be preserved or sent to dry.
Equipment. On three or four tables they put “signs” of shops: dried fruits, juices, canned food, jam. Instead of signs, you can put ready-made products on the tables: dry compote, tomato juice, canned vegetables and fruits, jam. Progress of the game. Children play the roles of manager and workers.
The warehouse manager issues products and distributes them among workshops depending on the degree of ripeness: the ripest ones - for juice, the ripe soft ones - for jam, the ripe firm ones - for compotes, the rest are dried. He tries to select the products correctly and give precise explanations to the workers which fruits to take and which not, and which workshop to take them to. Workers select and sort vegetables and fruits, remembering the instructions received and focusing on the sign.
The rest observe and check the correctness of tasks, evaluate the work.
Games to introduce children to indoor plants
Conducting games with indoor plants in the senior and preparatory school groups, the teacher teaches children to find common signs of all plants (parts) and the distinctive features of each of them (stem structure, shape, color, surface, size of leaves, presence of flowers, their color, number ). Children are asked to give a fairly complete description of plants. For example, speaking about leaves, they should note their shape, color of the upper and lower leaf blades, and surface. The main tasks in games with this material are to describe plants and find them by description, remember the name of the plants.
Find what I'll describe
Didactic task. Find a plant by description.
Game action. Search for a plant by description of its distinctive features.
Rule. You can name a plant only after describing it. Equipment. 5-6 plants, of which there are several names of the same family, but of different species, for example: fragrant and zonal perlagonia, variegated and royal begonia, zebra-shaped and green tradescantia, etc.
Progress of the game. The teacher arranges the plants so that the children can clearly see the characteristics of each of them. Then he describes the general characteristics of plants of the same name (say, Tradescantia), after which he names the distinctive characteristic
each plant.
Children listen carefully to the teacher's story. Then he invites one of the guys to show the plant and name it.
Guess what kind of plant it is
Didactic task. Describe the item and find out from the description.
Game action. Making and guessing riddles about the plant.
Rules. You can name a plant only after describing its distinctive features. Describe in the usual order.
Progress of the game. The plants are in their usual places. The teacher invites one of the children to choose one of them and describe it so that all the children know and can say what kind of plant it is.
The teacher reminds preschoolers of the sequence of description: first of all, it must be said, there is a trunk and there are branches. Then remember what they are like (upright, curling, hanging, thin or thick), describe the leaves, their shape, surface (smooth, non-smooth), color (dark, light green, variegated, with stripes). Next, you need to dwell on whether there are flowers, how many there are on the peduncle, and how they are colored. When children guess a plant, you can invite them to find plant representatives in the group room.
Where is the plant hidden?
Didactic task. Remember the location of objects, find changes in their location.
Game action. Searches for changes in plant arrangement. Rule. You can’t watch what the teacher cleans up.
Equipment. For the first game you need 4-5 plants, for subsequent ones - up to 7-8.
Progress of the game. Houseplants are placed on the table in one row. The teacher asks all children sitting in a semicircle to take a good look and remember the plants and their location, and then close their eyes. At this time, the teacher changes places of the plants
(initially two plants, and then two or three). “Now open your eyes and tell me what has changed,” he suggests. “What plants are represented?” Show me where they stood before.” (Children show)
Find out the plant
Didactic task. Find a plant by name.
Game action. A competition to see who can find the plant the fastest. Rules. Having found a plant, you need to explain how you recognized it.
Progress of the game. Plants (several species of the same family) stand in their permanent places. The teacher tells all the children: “I will name a houseplant, and you must find it, show it and tell by what sign you identified it. Whoever does it faster will receive a chip. At the end of the game, the one who collects the most chips will be awarded the title “Nature Expert”.
Shop "Flowers"
First option. Second option.
Didactic task. Describe, find and name objects based on their characteristic features.
Rule. Name the department and describe the plant, without saying what it is called.
Progress of the game. Houseplants are placed on the table so that children can clearly see each one. This is a “Flowers” store. Buyers (children) do not name the plant they like, but only describe it. The seller must recognize it, and
then issue the purchase. At the beginning of the game, the teacher himself can play the role of a buyer and show a sample description, recalling the sequence: is there a stem and what kind of stem is it (upright hanging, etc.), what shape are the leaves, how are they colored, what is their surface, density, whether flowers, how many there are, what color they are. Then the teacher himself describes the plants. .In the future, the game can be complicated by selling plants in the store that are different in place of growth, you can introduce the role of a director distributing flowers into departments, ask the buyer to name the department: wildflowers, garden plants, indoor plants, and then write a description of the plant.
Didactic task. Group plants by place of growth, describe their appearance. Rules. The buyer must describe, without naming, the plants he wants to buy, and indicate where the flower grows. The seller needs to recognize the plant, name it and issue the purchase.
Progress of the game. Children play the roles of sellers and buyers. To buy, you need to describe the plant, but not name it, but only say where it grows. The seller must guess what kind of flower it is, name it and the department in which it is located (forest, wildflowers, garden flowers, indoor plants), then he issues the purchase. During the game, roles may change.
Games to introduce children to trees and shrubs
Getting acquainted with trees and shrubs in games, children gradually memorize them, learn to find the distinctive features of different plants, name individual parts of plants, name individual parts of plants, and general external features. Therefore, program tasks are gradually becoming more complex: from finding a plant by name to an increasingly complete description of objects, their selection according to their belonging to a certain species and the selection of a plant from a group of others based on characteristic external features . The games older children also complicated by the fact that children are given a larger number of trees and shrubs ( up to 6-7), the distinctive features of which they must know .
Guess what our house is like
Didactic task. Describe the trees and find them based on their descriptions.
Game action. Compiling and solving riddles about trees. Rule. You can name a tree only after describing it.
Progress of the game. The game is played in the forest, park, square. A driver is selected from a group of children, and the teacher divides the rest into two groups. Each subgroup chooses a tree for itself, describes it to the person entering, and he must recognize the plant and name the “house” in which the children “live.” For example, the children say in chorus: “Guess what our house is, we’ll tell you everything about it.” Then one of them gives a description: names the colors of the trunks, recalls the height of the tree, shape, size of leaves, fruits and seeds (the teacher, if necessary, recalls the sequence of the description).
Who lives where
Didactic task. Grouping of plants according to their structure (trees, shrubs).
Game action. Run away from the fox.
Rules. Look for a house after the signal. Find the right house. Progress of the game. The game is played during an excursion to the forest or park.
The teacher tells the children: “Now let’s play. You will be squirrels and bunnies, and one of you will be a fox. Squirrels are looking for a plant to hide on, and bunnies are looking for a plant to hide under.” During the game, the teacher helps the children clarify that squirrels live and hide in trees, but hares do not have a home, they hide in the bushes. They choose a fox driver, give him a fox mask cap, and all the other children are given hare and squirrel mask caps. Bunnies and squirrels are running around the clearing. At the signal: “Danger is a fox,” the squirrels run to the tree, the hares to the bushes. Those who completed the task incorrectly are caught by the fox.
To the named tree-run Journey
Didactic task. Training in quick finding First option. named tree.
Game action. Run away from the driver to the named tree.
Rule. The teacher often changes the names of plants. You cannot stand near the named plant for a long time. You can run to different trees of the same plant.
Progress of the game. The game is organized as an outdoor game, such as “Tag”.
The teacher explains that those entering can only catch those
Didactic task. Find your way using the names of familiar plants.
Rules. Do not show the direction of the path with your hand, name landmarks accurately.
Progress of the game. The game is played while walking in a park or forest.
The teacher invites one or two children to be the leader. They are given the task of choosing a new place for walking, and pointing out children who are not standing near the named tree to it. The teacher chooses noticeable landmarks (large trees, first names those trees that have bright distinctive features, then those that are similar in appearance. For example, poplar and aspen, yellow acacia and rowan, etc.
All children must listen carefully to which tree is named and, in accordance with this, run across at the signal “One, two, three-run!”
shrubs).
Then, when this task is completed, the leaders must explain the route to the whole group of children. It is necessary to name two or three trees or shrubs familiar to everyone, their clearly visible signs. For example, the presenter says: “You need to get to a very large spruce tree and turn right from it. Behind the hazel tree there will be a clearing for a walk.”
Journey Forester
Second option. Contents of classes. Remind children of the appearance of some
The game is played in the same way, only find the shortest path to your favorite clearing and explain it to all the children.
Third option.
Contents of classes. Know the appearance and names of some trees and shrubs, their characteristic distinguishing features.
Didactic task. Describe the appearance of plants and find them by description.
Rule. Describe reference plants without saying what they are called.
Progress of the game. The game is played in the forest. They choose one leader who outlines the route of the walk and explains where everyone will go and how to find the way. The presenter selects landmarks: 3-4 plants that are well known to children, describes them without naming them,
explains where and where to turn. Everyone else identifies landmarks by description, names them, and looks for a route along them. You can choose two leaders, make two trips, and all the children will compare which of them chose the best place for the walk.
The game is played like a mushroom trip. The presenter explains which forest they will go to and how to find the way there.
trees and shrubs, their constituent parts, trunk, trunk, leaves, fruits and seeds. Teach children to express their knowledge in words.
Didactic task. Name the characteristics of plants. Select the parts you need.
Rules. You can collect only those seeds that the teacher names.
Progress of the game. The game is played while walking in a park or forest. The teacher selects foresters who will go around their areas and check if everything is in order there. The rest of the children are schoolchildren. They came to help the foresters collect seeds for
planting new forests. Each forester chooses one type of seed to collect. For example, he says: “There are a lot of oak trees growing on my property. Let's get some acorns." The forester can only describe the tree without naming it. Schoolchildren look for seeds, collect them and show them to the forester. The one who collected the most seeds and made no mistakes wins.
At the same time, you can select two or three foresters and the same number of groups of schoolchildren who will tell each other about their work in the forest. (If possible, you can donate the collected seeds.)
Find a tree by seeds
Didactic task. Find the whole from the part.
Game action. Running towards a specific object.
Rule. You can run to the tree from which the seeds come, following a signal.
Equipment. Seeds and fruits of trees and shrubs that are preserved in winter: linden, various types of maple, ash, rowan, etc.
Progress of the game. The game is played in winter. The teacher distributes seeds to the children and asks everyone to move freely around the clearing. At his signal, everyone runs to the plant whose seeds are in his hands.
So that children do not confuse the seeds of ash and maple, draw their attention to the distinctive features: ash leaves (separate “scapulas”), while maple seeds are fastened in pairs.
After the game, you can examine other distinctive features of these plants: the color and structure of the branches, size, surface, color of the buds.
