Garbage decomposition time
The process of waste decomposition occurs in different ways and can last from several days to tens of thousands of years. This is due to the composition of the product and the types of effects on it. Below are the average decay times of popular waste.
| Type of garbage | Decomposition time |
| Paper and cardboard | 3 months |
| Printing paper | 3 years |
| Wood, tin, shoes | 10 years |
| Iron | 20 years |
| Chewing gum | 30 years |
| Batteries | 100 years |
| Plastic bags | 200 years |
| Batteries | From 100 years |
| Tires | 200 years |
| Diapers | 500 years |
| Aluminum | 500 years |
| Glass and plastic | From 1000 years |
Types of waste
All waste in the city can be divided into 3 groups.
Namely:
- Household waste. Appear in the process of conducting household activities. Solid waste is not the main problem of humanity, but garbage, glass, and organic waste make up a significant share of the total percentage of litter.
- Industrial. According to statistics, they are considered the most dangerous. One of the global environmental problems is environmental pollution from industrial waste.
- Agricultural. This includes sawdust, livestock and crop waste. Reusable and recyclable.
Features of recycling
In Russia and abroad, different methods of waste disposal are used.
Waste disposal in Russia
Waste in Russia is burned or buried, which leads to a large number of landfills.
Garbage decomposes and causes great harm to the environment, taking up useful space.
However, in 2021, garbage reform was launched. In the course of legislative changes, it is planned to build about 300 waste processing plants.
Project “Use of recycled materials for clothing production”
Reality television shows such as Project Runway (as well as artists such as Lady Gaga) have greatly expanded the understanding of fashion design. Project Runway participants create comfortable things using the most unimaginable materials, such as newspapers, burlap, metal products, car parts, giving old things a second life. Moreover, many leading fashion designers have become interested in environmentally friendly materials. There are now numerous fashion events around the world dedicated to creating clothes from recycled materials. This project will help you discover the fashion designer within you.
Project goals:
- Experiment with unusual clothing design ideas.
- Promote the development of environmentally friendly products.
What we need:
- computer with Internet access;
- color printer;
- digital camera;
- common office supplies (such as paper, pens, cardboard, glue, etc.);
- clean, lightweight materials suitable for recycling.
Progress of the experiment:
- Find and print photos of models wearing items made from recycled materials, as well as any other fashion-related images that interest you.
- Collect recycled materials that suit your needs. You can take plastic bottles, aluminum cans, toys, lamp shades, umbrellas, anything! Make the most of your imagination. Keep in mind that things should be comfortable, washable, well-fitted, lightweight, warm enough, durable and pleasing to the eye. In addition, a fashion consultant and one of the TV presenters of Project Runway says that these clothes should be comfortable to get in and out of the car. However, it all depends on you, because you are a designer.
- If you already know how to sew, create 3 or 4 simple identical garments using regular stretch cotton fabric. If you don't sew, grab 3 or 4 white cotton T-shirts.
- Sketch your ideas. Make color sketches.
- Cut out the selected materials. Give them the required shape.
- Sew (or securely attach in some other way) all the parts, giving them the desired shape.
- Let the models try on the clothes, make the necessary adjustments to fit the items to the figure.
- Take a photo of each item of clothing.
- Present your ideas in a detailed report.
- Showcase the results of your live fashion project during a science fair.
- Include interesting photos taken while working on the project.
Conclusion:
What determines the quality of clothing? What recycled materials can be used to create wearable clothing?
Disposal methods
Several waste disposal methods have been developed.
Regressive Garbage Collection Methods
Regressive methods are used mainly in Russia and in a number of Asian countries.
These include:
- burial at landfills;
- waste incineration.
Most garbage rots in natural landfills, causing irreparable harm to the environment.
A modern approach to recycling
European countries use advanced waste recycling methods.
Namely:
- Plasma treatment. When exposed to high temperatures, waste decomposes into a safe residue that can be used as recyclable materials.
- Composting. This is how organic waste is disposed of. They rot in special compostors, turning into nutritious fertilizer.
- Mechanical recycling. The waste is thoroughly crushed and then reused.
- Chemical processing. Under the influence of an aggressive chemical environment, garbage decomposes into its simplest components.
The principle of modern plasma waste processing.
History of the garbage problem
The history of garbage began along with active human economic activity. Despite the fact that this problem became global only in the 21st century, its roots are hidden in centuries.
Until the 19th century, there was no such amount of garbage. People used only natural materials that decomposed quickly and did not harm the environment.
However, in the 19th century, a sharp development of industry began. Synthetic waste has begun to accumulate on Earth, taking more than 1000 years to decompose.
