Although games in Rus' have always been considered fun, our ancestors attached great educational importance to them. Where else, if not in a game, does a child learn about the world, relationships between peers, relationships between elders and younger ones, learn to follow the rules and obey them.
Nowadays everyone knows that play is the basis of a child’s life. Psychologists say that through it the baby receives the necessary knowledge and skills. Thanks to the game, he develops as a person and acquires social skills. Everyone understands this very well, but often parents do not find the opportunity to actively play with their children. A lot of interesting children's entertainment has been replaced by a computer. Unfortunately, psychologists have recorded the fact that the influence of play on a child’s personality is weakening for various reasons.
The usefulness of folk games
Caring parents, aware of their busyness and inability to fully communicate with their child, try to surround him with a variety of toys. This is good, since the baby should have the opportunity to explore the world around him through the toy. But, more often than not, everything ends with the purchase of toys because adults consider their mission completed. Meanwhile, for a preschooler to play, he must be taught to do so. When a baby can play independently, then he will not need a large number of toys.
What are the best games to offer to children? How to find a game that will unite an adult and a child? Russian folk games will help solve these questions. They have been selected for centuries, and the most beloved and popular ones have come down to us, which are easy to organize in any setting: on vacation, at home. The time has come for modern parents to find out what games their great-grandfathers played and how they are useful for our children.
Holiday fun
Even in ancient times, folk games were united into different groups. They differed in purpose, number of participants, complexity of the rules, and age of the children. However, most folk games are so unique that each of them, according to its characteristics, can be included in any group.
For ease of use, you can divide all games into holiday and everyday ones. Festive folk games for preschoolers are good because they bring a lot of fun and entertainment to the participants. Preschoolers enjoy the gameplay itself, the opportunity to communicate with peers or older children without any conventions.
Such entertainment contains a minimum number of simple rules that are easy to follow, so they are great for various types of celebrations when many children gather: birthdays, family celebrations, holiday events.
Russian folk games for children are easy to participate in, since they contain simple plots, familiar characters act there, and the rules are clear and accessible to children. All this arouses interest among preschoolers and a desire to take part in a common game.
In addition, in the age of computers, when there is a lot of talk about poor posture in children, a sedentary lifestyle that causes all sorts of diseases, folk games are an excellent opportunity to encourage children to move, to develop in them such qualities as ingenuity, dexterity, dexterity, and resourcefulness. Another positive side of such entertainment is that children of different ages can participate there, from toddlers to high school students.
What interesting games should you offer children?
Preschoolers and children can take part in the universal fun “Rooster Fight”, “Cockerels and Hens”, “Ducks and Geese”, “Trap with a Goat”, “Bear in the Forest”, which reflect the living world in their themes and imitate the habits of animals older guys. Everyone loves games that give them the opportunity to run wild and show off their resourcefulness. They actively develop motor skills and acquire new skills.
Game "Cock Fight"
In the fun “Cock Fight,” the players, with their legs tucked in, trying to maintain balance, push each other with their shoulders.
The winner is the player who forces his opponent to his feet.
Game "Cockerels and Hens"
The fun “Cockerels and Hens” is a pair game, which allows the child to feel responsible for his peer. Teaming up in twos, over a certain period of time, players collect large seeds (for example, pumpkins) scattered on the ground.
The winners are the players who collect the most beans.
You can also look at old-time running entertainment.
Game "Bear in the Forest"
The fun “A Bear in the Forest” is a classic of the genre, well known to both big and small, and has firmly entered the curriculum of preschool institutions. To play the game, two lines are drawn on opposite sides of the court. One has a driver, imitating a sleeping bear, the other has the rest. The adult gives a signal, and the preschool children slowly, “picking mushrooms and berries,” go to the “bear.” You can't run until all the words have been said. The quatrain accompanying the players’ actions is simple, easy to remember, and therefore pronounced in chorus:
“The bear has mushrooms in the forest, I pick the berries. But the bear is not sleeping, he’s still looking at us! "
The end of the rhyme is a signal to the “bear” who is running after the children. He catches players until they reach his line. Then the child who was caught drives.
For variety, you can use a more complex nursery rhyme:
“I pick mushrooms and berries from a bear in the forest. But the bear is not sleeping, he is still looking at us. And then he growls and runs after us! But we take the berries and don’t give them to the bear. Let's go into the forest with a club and hit the bear in the back! "
Game "Ducks and Geese"
The “Ducks and Geese” entertainment helps children show restraint and dexterity, since according to the rules, they must walk to the goal at a “duck pace.” When playing, participants form a circle with their hands behind their backs. With a ball in his hands, the driver walks in a circle and says the word “duck” several times, then, unexpectedly for everyone, changes the word, saying “goose.” The ball is quickly placed in the hand of one of the players. Then the driver and the child with the ball go left and right, moving towards each other in a circle. Everyone strives to be the first to reach the “empty” place where the movement began. When meeting, the players greet: “Good morning (afternoon, evening)! "
The player who comes first wins. The leader is the one who came last.
Game "Trap - goat"
The outdoor game “Trap - Goat” consists of traditional content and rules that are found in any similar game. As an option, you can use the image of different animals, for example, “Trap is a wolf.” A “goat” is selected, the players say a nursery rhyme: “The little goat is gray, the tail is white, We will give you something to drink, We will feed you, Don’t butt us, But play with the trap.” Having said the quatrains of the nursery rhyme in chorus, the players run away, and the “goat” catches them, trying to “gore” them, imitating the movements of the animal.
Taking into account the age of the kids and their interests, similar games can always be found in different sources.
Folk games from different countries for children from 5 to 7 years old
Elena Milko
Folk games from different countries for children from 5 to 7 years old
Folk outdoor games
"Good morning, hunter!" (Switzerland)
10 – 15 people play.
Progress of the game.
The players stand in a circle and choose a hunter who walks behind the players. Suddenly he touches the player's shoulder. The one touched turns and says: “Good morning, hunter!” - and then goes in a circle, but in the direction opposite to where the hunter is going. Having walked half a circle, the player and the hunter meet, and the player again says: “Good morning, hunter!” And both run to take the remaining empty space. The one who did not manage to do this becomes a hunter.
"Catch the dragon by the tail!" (China)
At least 10 people play.
Progress of the game.
The players stand in a line one after another and place their right hand on the right shoulder of the person in front. The one who stands first in the line is the head of the dragon, the last one is its tail. The dragon's head tries to catch the tail. The line is in constant motion, the body of the dragon (players between the head and tail) obediently follow the head, and the head tries to grab the tail - the last player. The line should not break. If, nevertheless, the head grabs the tail, the last player in the line goes forward, becomes the head, and the new tail is the player who was last in the line.
"Trains" (Argentina)
7 or more people play.
Progress of the game.
Each player builds a depot for himself: he draws a small circle. In the middle of the platform there is a driver - a steam locomotive. He doesn't have his own depot. The driver walks from one carriage to another. Whoever he approaches follows him. This is how all the cars are assembled. The locomotive suddenly whistles, and everyone runs to the depot, including the locomotive. The player left without a seat becomes the driver - the locomotive.
"Fruits Basket" (USA)
10 or more people play.
Progress of the game.
The players sit in a circle. The leader is in the middle. He goes around all the players and asks what everyone named themselves (you can choose from the names of fruits, or he gives the player a name. Then the driver sits in the center of the circle and starts the game: “When I was walking through the garden, I saw trees with beautiful red apples and pears". At the moment of pronouncing these words, the “apples” change places with the “pears”. The presenter’s task is to take one of the vacant places. If he succeeds, then the player who is left without a place becomes the leader. When the words appear in the leader’s story -va “fruit basket”, all children simultaneously change places, and again the leader must take one of the vacant seats.
“Come on, repeat it!” (Cameroon)
Play with 4 people or more.
Progress of the game.
The players stand in a semicircle, with the driver standing in the center. From time to time he makes some kind of movement: raises his hand, turns, bends, stomps his foot, etc. All players must accurately repeat his movement. If the player makes a mistake, the driver takes his place, and the player becomes the driver. If several people make a mistake at the same time, the driver chooses who will take his place.
"Zhmurki" (Russian folk game)
Progress of the game.
One of the players - the blind man's buff - is blindfolded. They take him to the middle of the room and make him turn around several times, then ask:
- Cat, cat, what are you standing on?
- In the kettle.
- What's in the kneader?
- Kvass.
- Catch mice, not us!
After these words, the participants in the game run away, and the blind man’s buff catches them. Whoever he catches becomes a blind man's buff. The blind man's buff must recognize and call the caught player by name. If the blind man's buff comes close to any object that can be hit, the players must warn him by shouting: “Fire!” They can dodge blind man's buff, crouch, walk on all fours, but they cannot hide behind objects and run far.
"Zarya" (Russian folk game)
Progress of the game.
Children stand in a circle, hold their hands behind their backs, and one of the players - Dawn - walks behind with a ribbon and says:
Zarya - lightning, red maiden,
I walked across the field, dropped my keys,
Golden keys, blue ribbons,
The rings are entwined - she went for water!
With the last words, the driver carefully places the ribbon on the shoulder of one of the players, who, noticing this, quickly takes the ribbon, and they both run in different directions in a circle. The one who is left without a place becomes the dawn. The game repeats itself.
“Sticky Stumps” (Bashkir folk game)
Progress of the game.
3 – 4 players squat as far away from each other as possible. They represent sticky stumps. The rest of the players run around the court, trying not to come close to the stumps. The stumps should try to touch the children running past. The greasy ones become stumps. Stumps should not get up from their places.
“Vodyanoy” (Udmurt folk game)
Progress of the game.
They outline a circle - this is a pond or lake. The leader is selected - the water one. The players run around the lake and repeat the words; “There is no water supply, but there are a lot of people.” The merman runs around the circle (lake) and catches the players who come close to the shore (circle lines). Those caught remain in a circle. The game continues until the majority of players are caught. The merman catches without leaving the circle. Those who are caught also become traps. They help the merman.
“Game with a handkerchief” (Udmurt folk game)
Progress of the game.
The players stand in a circle in pairs, one after another. Two presenters are chosen, one of them is given a handkerchief. At the signal, the leader runs away with a handkerchief, and the second leader catches up with him. The game goes round and round. The leader with the handkerchief can pass the handkerchief to any player standing in a pair and take his place. Thus, the leader with the handkerchief changes. The leader, left without a pair, catches up with the leader with a handkerchief. The player runs away only when he receives the handkerchief. When the leader with a handkerchief is caught by the second leader, the second leader is given a handkerchief, and the next leader is chosen from among the children standing in pairs. The game starts at the signal.
“One extra” (Yakut folk game)
Progress of the game.
The players stand in a circle in pairs. Each pair is located as far as possible from its neighbors. The leader stands in the middle of the circle. Starting the game, the host approaches a couple and says: “Let me in.” They answer him: “No, we won’t let him in, go there...” (pointing to a more distant couple). At the time when the leader runs to the indicated pair, everyone standing second in the pair changes places, running to the other pair, and stands in front. The front ones are already becoming the rear ones. The presenter tries to take one of the vacant seats. The one left without a seat becomes the leader.
“Deer Catching” (games of the peoples of the Far East)
Progress of the game.
The players are divided into 2 groups. Some are deer, others are shepherds. The shepherds join hands and stand in a semicircle, facing the deer. Deer run around the outlined area. At the signal: “Catch!” The shepherds try to catch the deer and close the circle.
“Have time to catch it!” (games of the peoples of the Far East)
Progress of the game.
There are two equal groups of participants on the playground: girls and boys. The presenter throws the ball up. If the girls catch the ball, then they begin to throw the ball to each other so that the boys do not get the ball, and vice versa, if the boys have the ball, they try not to give it to the girls. The team that can hold the ball longer wins.
"Mill" (Belarusian folk game)
Progress of the game.
All players stand in a circle at a distance of at least 2 m from each other. One of the players receives the ball and passes it to another, who passes it to the third, etc. in a circle. Gradually the transmission speed increases. Each player tries to catch the ball. The player who misses the ball or throws it incorrectly is eliminated from the game. The one who remains in the game last wins.
“Hunters and Ducks” (Belarusian folk game)
Progress of the game.
The players are divided into 2 teams with the same number of participants. One team is ducks, the other is hunters. The hunters form an outer large circle and outline it. Ducks outline an internal small circle at a distance of 2.5 - 3 m from the circle of hunters. At a signal, the hunters shoot at the ducks and try to hit them with the ball. When all the ducks are caught, the teams change. Hunters and ducks are not allowed to leave the designated circles. The one hit by the ball leaves the game.
"Birds" (Estonian folk game)
Progress of the game.
The players choose a mistress and a hawk, the rest choose birds. The hostess, secretly from the hawk, gives a name to each bird: cuckoo, swallow, etc. The hawk arrives. The hostess asks:
- What did you come for?
- For the bird.
- For which one?
A hawk calls, for example, a cuckoo. She runs out and the hawk catches her. If there is no bird named hawk, the owner drives the hawk away. The game continues until the hawk catches all the birds.
"Lamb" (Moldavian folk game)
Progress of the game.
The players stand in a circle, and the lamb is inside the circle. Players walk in a circle saying:
You, little gray lamb,
With a little white tail!
We gave you water, we fed you.
Don't butt us, play with us!
Hurry up and catch up!
At the end of the words, the children run in all directions, and the lamb catches them.
“Guess and catch up!” (Turkmen folk game)
Progress of the game.
The players sit on a bench in one row. The driver sits in front. He is blindfolded. One of the players approaches the driver and calls him by name. If the driver guesses who it is, he quickly takes off the bandage and catches up with the runner. If the driver says the player's name incorrectly, then another player comes up. If the name is named correctly, the player touches the driver on the shoulder, making it clear that he needs to run.
“Falcon and Fox” (Turkmen folk game)
Progress of the game.
A falcon and a fox are chosen. The rest of the children are falcons. The falcon teaches his falcons to fly. He runs in different directions and at the same time makes different flying movements with his hands. The flock runs after the falcon and repeats all its movements. At this time, a fox suddenly jumps out of the hole. The falcons quickly fly to their nest. Whoever the fox catches, he takes to his hole.
Traditional Russian fun
On holidays, among Russian folk games, entertainment with a large number of participants was popular, when they could divide into groups and compete with each other. From time immemorial, games with a competitive element have been loved by children of different ages, as they provide an opportunity to test their strength, luck, and dexterity. Such traditional Russian games include “Burners”, “Pull the String”, “Chains” and similar ones.
Game "Drag the String"
In the game “Pull the String,” two hoops are placed on the sides of the court. A rope is stretched along the ground so that its ends are in the middle of each hoop. Preschool children are divided into two groups. The participants of each of them, in turn, stand in their hoop, then, at a signal from the driver (an adult or an older child): “One, two, three, run!”, they change hoops, trying to reach the opponent’s place as quickly as possible and pull the rope. The one who completes the actions faster and without errors becomes the winner. Following the first pair, the second runs, then the third, and so on until the end.
The team whose members were faster and pulled the rope more often wins. An adult must participate in this competition to ensure that the rules are followed.
Game "Burners"
In the classic game "Burners", players stand in pairs in a column. Raised hands form a “gate” through which all couples pass. In front of everyone, with his back to the other players, stands the driver, who is also called the “burning one.” The players say the nursery rhyme in chorus: “Burn, burn clearly, So that it doesn’t go out! Look at the sky, Birds are flying, Bells are ringing. Ding-dong, ding-dong, quickly run out! " At the last words, the children in the pair in front scatter in different directions, the rest shout in unison: “One, two, don’t be a crow, but run like fire!” “The driver turns around and catches up with the fleeing children.
If the players manage to take each other’s hands, and the “burning” one is left with nothing, then they again stand behind the column. The driver again catches or “burns” another pair: the game is repeated.
If it is possible to catch one of the fleeing players, then a new pair is formed. The player who is left without a pair becomes the driver.
Game "Chains"
In Chains, players also form two teams. With a little counting table, for example: “A cuckoo walked past the net, And behind it were little children. The cuckoos are asked to drink. Come out - you'll drive! ", select the "breaker" who will break the "chain". The teams are located opposite each other, the participants hold hands tightly. The driver scatters, runs towards the “chain” of opponents, trying to destroy it.
If successful, he takes the opponent to his group; if it doesn’t work out, he himself remains with the opponents. The team with the most players is the winner.
Quite a lot of similar entertainment has been collected and stored in the national treasury. Most of them are relevant and loved today, for example:
- "Geese-geese";
- "Hide and Seek";
- "Cossacks-robbers";
- "Salki";
- "Blind Man's Bluff";
- "Ring".
Others - “Pleten”, “Ringer”, “Lapta” and others are half-forgotten, have more complex rules that need to be memorized with the children first. Every parent can prepare exciting games, fun, and entertainment for children's parties. It all depends on the interest and desire of the adults themselves.
World Games
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The games section of the world's peoples contains the most famous and time-tested games. The games presented have a wide geography and an interesting history of origin. Games of the peoples of the world help us better understand, and perhaps take a different look at, other nations. Games of the peoples of the world reflect the culture and identity of the people. It can be noted that among one people, active, team games predominate, while among another, board, logical games predominate. You can also find very similar games among different nations, but with different names.
Auto racing is a German game for two or more people. To play, you need to take two toy cars, two wooden sticks and two long cords (about 6-9 m). Toy cars should be tied to cords. which, in turn, are tied to sticks. Wooden sticks should be held in the hands of two children. The essence of the game is to, on command, wind the cord around a stick as quickly as possible, thus pulling the car towards you.
Kagome
- This is a Japanese children's game. One of the children is chosen as a “demon”, he closes his eyes and sits down.
The rest of the children dance around him and sing a play song. When the song ends, the “demon” calls the name of the one who is standing behind him and, if the “demon” turned out to be right, this person replaces the “demon”.
This Japanese game can be played by 4 people or more. To do this, you need to draw a large lake with bays, islands and capes on the asphalt. Players choose one “stork” leader, and all other players become “storks”.
The “frogs” sit in the “water”, not having the right to get out to the “land”.
The “stork” must walk along the shore and try to catch the “frog”. The “stork” has the right to jump from “island” to “island”, but cannot enter the “water”. The last “frog” caught becomes a “stork”.
White Stick (Takzhikistan) can be played by more than 10 people. Participants must choose a leader according to the counting count, divide into 2 equal teams and choose a place for the white stick. Then the leader must quietly hide the wand, and the players must look for it. The one who finds the stick carries it to the chosen place, and at this time the players of the other team try to stop him. The wand can be given to your team members.
Argentine game for seven or more people. Before the game, the participants are divided into the driver “locomotive” and the rest of the players “cars”. On a large platform, players each “build a depot” for themselves, outlining a small circle.
In the middle of the platform there is a driver - a steam locomotive. He doesn't have his own depot. The driver goes from one player to another. Whoever he approaches follows him. This is how all the cars are assembled. The locomotive suddenly whistles, and everyone runs to the depot, including the locomotive. The player left without a seat becomes the driver of the locomotive.
A game from Burma played by at least six players with one ball or stone. Players line up at a distance of 30 - 40 cm from each other. Outstretched arms with open palms are held behind the back. One of the players stands behind them. He has a ball or pebble in his hand. Walking along the line, he pretends as if he wants to drop the ball into someone's palm. Players shouldn't look back. Finally he drops the ball into someone's hand. The player who received the ball suddenly breaks out of the line.
Neighbors to the right and left must catch him before he moves. But at the same time they do not have the right to leave the line. If they fail to capture him, he can return to his place and then the game continues. If he is caught, he changes places with the leader.
Statue
- Armenian game for 5 - 20 people.
Players are divided into catchers and runners. One catcher is assigned for every 5 people, and four catchers for every 20 people. As designated by the leader, the catchers go outside the field, and the runners freely position themselves on the site. At the signal, the catchers chase the other players, trying to catch one of them.
The caught person must immediately stop and freeze in place in the position in which he was caught. Anyone who is frozen can be “released” by any player by touching him. The game ends when all players are caught. After this, new catchers are chosen and the game continues.
A runner who, by inertia, runs out of bounds is considered out of the game.
Pull out your handkerchief
is an Azerbaijani game played by 10 or more people.
Scarves are used as equipment. Two teams line up opposite each other at some distance. A line is drawn between them. Each person has a handkerchief or scarf tucked into the back of their belt. By lot, one of the teams becomes the driver. At the judge’s command, the children move forward (the drivers stand still), cross the line, and then the judge shouts: “Fire!” The players run back, and the opponents (drivers) try to catch up with them in order to pull the scarf from their belts. Then the teams change roles.
Shpen is a Belarusian game where a wooden pin is placed in the center of the field, the driver stands next to it, and around the rest of the players with bats in their hands.
Their task is to throw the bat and hit the peg so that it rolls as far from the center as possible. If one of the players succeeds and the peg rolls away, the driver must run up, take it and place it again in the center of the field. At this time, the players run for their bats and pick them up.
The driver, having installed the peg, must try to grab any of the bits, ahead of its owner. If he succeeds, he becomes a player, and the player who did not have time to return his bat becomes a driver. (Sticks flying into the peg can hit the driver, so he needs to be careful not to get hit by the bat).
An Italian game in which two teams are each placed at their own line at some distance from each other, with the leader standing in the middle. He holds a scarf and shouts out numbers. The players whose numbers he called run to him. The one who snatches the scarf from the leader and returns to his place first earns a point.
Peru
A Peruvian game in which players draw circle houses for themselves, and the driver remains “homeless.” Everyone shouts in unison “Kalabasa!” (Go home!) and scatter in their own circles. The “homeless man” turns to one of the players: “Are you selling eggs?” He replies: “I don’t, but maybe he’s selling,” and points to a friend, to whom the “homeless man” goes. In the meantime, the players must change places. If the driver manages to occupy someone else’s house, then he becomes its owner, and the one who remains outside the circle leads.
This is a Hungarian game in which players form a circle with a diameter not exceeding 10 m. The driver becomes the center of the circle. Players throw a small ball to each other. The driver tries to intercept him. At a convenient moment, any of the players can throw the ball at the driver.
If the driver fails to dodge the ball, he remains in the center of the circle.
If successful, he leaves the circle and the player who threw the ball takes his place.
If the driver manages to intercept the ball thrown at him, or during a pass from player to player, he can throw the ball at any player.
If it hits, the player will take his place; if not, he can continue to drive.
“Hag” translated from Uzbek means “crow”, “oksak” means “lame”. Why is the crow lame? Because the one who portrays this crow is jumping on one leg. And the second leg is bent and tied, say, with a belt or scarf. (It doesn’t matter which leg the crow is limping on). Start the game the way you want. If there are only two of you, just race and jump. If there are at least three (dad, mom and me), you may end up with crow's spots. A lot of people have gathered - organize a jumping relay race, splitting into two teams. In this case, the belt or scarf with which the leg is tied passes from one “crow” to another.
This is a Georgian jumping game, which requires several sticks like gorodosh bats (no more than 5 cm thick). The sticks are placed on the ground parallel to one another at a distance of half a meter. The more sticks, the more difficult the game will be. Next to the first stick and the last there is a flat stone: here the jumpers can rest (not for long!). The player who begins the game must, jumping on one leg, go around all the sticks with a snake. On the way back, you need to jump over the sticks, placing your feet perpendicular to them. And again to the stone - but now the feet are placed parallel to the sticks. You finish the game by jumping from stick to stick.
If you get lost or make a mistake, you immediately give way to the next jumper, and after waiting for your turn again, you start all over again. We talked about four ways of jumping, but you can come up with new ones yourself; you can place the sticks in a different way... In general, the competition program will largely depend on your desire and on your ingenuity. In any case, the winner will be the one who completes all the discussed tasks without errors in the least number of attempts.
This is a Lithuanian game played by five people. A rectangular square with a side of 10 m is drawn on the ground or asphalt. Four participants stand in the corners of the square. A circle with a diameter of 1.5 m is drawn in the center of the square, and the fifth player, the fifth, stands in it. The corner players throw the ball at him, and the fifth tries to dodge the ball without going beyond the circle. The player who ends up in the fifth takes his place.
This is a German game for 10 or more people. Chairs according to the number of players are placed in a circle, with their backs facing inward. The players (firefighters) walk around these chairs to the sound of music (tambourine, drum). As soon as the music stops, players must place an item of clothing on the chair they are standing near. Game continues. When each participant removes 3 objects (they end up on different chairs), the alarm sounds: “Fire!” Players must quickly find their items and put them on. Whoever gets dressed the fastest is the winner.
This game is played in Tanzania by 10 or more people. Need a leaf from a tree. Players stand in a circle facing the center. The driver walks behind them and touches the players’ palms with a sheet. Then he places the paper in someone's hand and runs. The player with the sheet is behind him. If the driver runs a circle and is not caught up, he will stand in an empty place, and the player who was chasing him becomes the new driver.
This is a Swiss game for 10-15 people, in which players stand in a circle and choose a hunter who walks behind the players. Suddenly he touches the player's shoulder. The one touched turns and says: “Good morning, hunter!”, and immediately walks in a circle, but in the direction opposite to where the hunter is going. Having walked half a circle, they meet, the player again says: “Good morning, hunter!” And both run to take an empty place in the circle. The one who did not manage to do this becomes a hunter.
This is a Brazilian game for five or more people, where one player is a healthy cat who tries to catch everyone else. Each player who is tainted must place their hand on the exact spot where they were tainted. He also becomes a cat, but a sick one, and helps the healthy cat when catching. A sick cat can only stain with its healthy hand. The player who is not stained wins. He becomes a healthy cat for the next round.
This Uzbek game is played by 5 or more people. On the site, the guys draw a straight line 6 - 10 m long. You have to move along it like on a tightrope. It is allowed to keep your arms at your sides. The losers are those guys who go off the line - “fly off the rope.” According to the rules, one of the players watches the “rope walkers” and the one who comes off the “rope” becomes an observer.
This Belarusian game is played by 10 or more people. The game participants are divided into two equal groups. The players of each group hold on to each other and form one chain with their arms bent at the elbows. At the front of the chain are stronger and more dexterous participants - “groovy”. Standing opposite each other, the “clockwork” also takes each other by the arms bent at the elbows and each pulls them in their own direction, trying to break the enemy’s chain with them, or pull it over the intended line. According to the rules, they start pulling exactly at the signal.
Belarusian folk game. The presenter and the driver hide toys in different places, accompanying the actions with the words: Prela-burning flew overseas, And when she arrived, she sat down somewhere, Whoever finds it first will take it for himself! After these words, everyone scatters around the site, looking for hidden objects. Whoever finds the most wins. Rules of the game. You can start looking for objects only after the spoken words. While laying out toys, everyone should stand with their eyes closed and not peep. You need to hide toys quickly.
Folk games in the daily life of a preschooler
For everyday leisure, you need to choose games that the child could play on his own, but even in them the gameplay should captivate him. The following activities will help:
Game "Male-Kalechina"
The fun “Malechina-Kalechina” is an ancient game. According to the rules, for the action they take a smooth stick, which they place vertically on the tip of the finger and begin to count: “Male china, how many hours until evening?” One two Three…" . Count until the stick falls. Alternatively, the wand can be placed on the palm, forearm, or knee. When falling, the stick should be caught with the other hand to continue the action.
This game is useful for developing motor skills, dexterity, and perseverance in preschoolers.
Game "Spillkins"
Traditional folk entertainment is “Spillikins”, small wooden sticks or figurines. The player uses two fingers or a special hook to grab a figure without touching the neighboring sticks. The child must be encouraged to strive diligently to choose the figures. Some children lack patience.
This kind of fun develops perseverance and fine motor skills, which is very important for a child.
Game "Fanta"
The famous game “Fanta” is very exciting for preschoolers if they know how to play it. It does not require special space or equipment. Useful for preschool children, as it entertains and helps develop memory, speech, and imagination. An adult can play with a child. The presenter begins: “They sent you a hundred rubles, Buy what you want, Don’t take black, don’t take white, Don’t say no!” The child listens carefully to the questions and tries not to use forbidden words when answering. For example, to the question: “Are you going to the ball? “, you can answer: “I’ll go.” Sample questions and answers could be in the old style: “What dress will you wear? ‒ I’ll wear a beautiful dress”, “Will you go in a carriage? “I’ll go on foot.” Or modern: “Are you going to the bakery? Will you buy bread there? " If a player gets confused, he gives the leader a forfeit (any item), and then at the end of the game he “buys back” it. To “redeem” forfeits, you can invite the preschooler to sing a song, read a poem, or use other exciting tasks.
Game "Hide and Seek"
Children especially love the traditional game “Hide and Seek”, the content and rules of which are well known to everyone. It can be organized outdoors and at home. To keep kids interested, a nursery rhyme is used: “One, two, three, four, five, I start looking. Whoever didn’t hide is not my fault. Whoever stands behind me has three horses to drive.” Then everyone hides, and the leader tries to find him. Choosing another presenter may have several options. For example, the leader can be the participant who was discovered first, or use a counting rhyme.
Rhymes and counting rhymes, which are an integral part of fun, one might say their calling card, help to captivate preschoolers, develop their speech skills and imagination. Therefore, when choosing folk games, it is better to give preference to those with folklore.
From the list of games presented, it is clear that, despite the simplicity in plots, rules, and actions, many educational issues are resolved. When a preschooler learns the rules of the ancient game, he will enjoy playing it. Much depends on the parents, who can captivate the child with folk games.
Game folklore:
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Play in folk culture is a form of entertainment. Given the huge variety of types of games and their classifications, we will divide all recorded folklore games into four sections: 1) games with singing and dancing (round dances); 2) outdoor games; 3) intellectual games; 4) youth games.
Part of the game in traditional folk culture was dancing, walking to songs, pranks, fun, entertainment, outdoor games and youth gatherings. Song games, dance games, round dance games, and skit games have always created an atmosphere of joy and fun in the Russian holiday.
Folk games are an integral part of the culture of the people; they contain the traditions of the past and present. The content of some games can tell about the work and life of the people, their faith.
For a child, play is one of the main forms of his activity, through which he masters the world of objects around him, human relationships, his own functionality, and at the same time creates a special flavor for his entire child’s life. In adolescence and youth, social forms of behavior in society are mastered in a playful way, self-determination and self-affirmation of the individual occurs. For adults, play is a form of leisure and relaxation, as well as a means of raising children and grandchildren and passing on to them the necessary life experience.
Cultural workers in our region have accumulated interesting experience in organizing folk games. Recently, it has become part of the system to hold folk games not only at holidays, celebrations, gatherings, festivals, such as “Red Summer”, “Forgotten Antiquity”, “Live, Spring, Live!”, but also constantly 2-3 times a day. week, in every cultural institution.
Genres of gaming folklore
1. A game with singing and dancing 2. An active game 3. A competitive game 4. A game of intelligence (intellectual) 5. A youth game 6. Fun
Explanations for the system of gaming folklore genres
1. Game with singing, dancing (round dances). To this game genre we include games that have choruses or verbal repetitions during a dance walk, for example, in a circle or in some other given order, with the performance of any figurative movements. For example, depicting a “goat”, “blooming poppy”, “bear”, “golden gate”, etc.
2. The game is active. This genre includes games that are mainly team-based and have a specific goal - to quickly achieve a certain goal or complete a particular task. Or in such games there must be a driver who determines the task for the players (teams). In such games, a form of competition between one player and another is possible.
3. The game is competitive. This is a game of dexterity, skill, and ingenuity. Most often, motionless or sedentary, not associated with running, strength competitions, etc. This game is based on the manipulation of various objects. There is usually no team base or leader here - all players act on their own (“everyone for himself”) in individual competition. For example, who can quickly pull straws out of a pile, deftly stack pebbles, etc.
4. Game of wits (intellectual). These games are logical tasks, riddles, puzzles. Here the tasks are offered: guess something, identify, continue or supplement some text. Such games often had a count - to take so many steps in one direction, a count of players, actions, movements. The content of the game could be requirements to clearly name objects, names of something. For example, continue the names of vegetables (cabbage - carrots - potatoes...) or continue the names of flowers (“To the gardener”). The important thing is that such games were sedentary.
5. Youth game. Such games could be active, competitive, or mental (intellectual), and they could also be games with singing and dancing. Such games are classified as a special genre because there are actions specific only for young people, not for children. Here the game can end with a kiss, etc. Here, youth couples form; during the game, boys and girls “consolidate” their relationship, determine their liking for each other, and choose each other.
6. Fun. By this genre we mean any form of entertainment or fun. For example, swing rides, sleigh rides, “kryg” rides. Fun usually required some kind of material object (swing, sleigh). Or such an object was specially made for fun (snow woman). In principle, this can include any fun, entertainment, form of recreation - all forms that are not included in the above game genres.
