Pedagogical Council "Patriotic Education of Preschool Children"

MAGAZINE Preschooler.RF

Methodological developments

Dovgal Irina Valerievna Senior teacher GBOU School No. 1207 Moscow 2015

Target:

• systematize the knowledge of teachers about the organization of educational activities with preschool children on patriotic education;
• increasing the professional level of teachers in working with children on patriotic education.
• the formation of moral and patriotic feelings of preschoolers in the process of studying the history, culture, and natural features of their native country.

Preliminary work:

1. Conducting operational control . ”
2. Conducting a consultation “Patriotic education of preschool children”
3. Conducting a workshop-seminar “Moral and patriotic education of preschool children”
4. Design of the thematic exhibition “Patriotic Education” (work experience, literature, methodological developments).

Progress of the teachers' council:

1. Patriotic education of a child is the basis for the formation of a future citizen. Patriotic feeling does not arise on its own. This is the result of long-term, targeted educational influence on a person, starting from a very early age.

Much has been written about the importance of introducing a child to the culture of his people, since turning to the paternal heritage fosters pride and respect for the land on which you live. Therefore, children need to study and know the culture and history of their country. Consequently, patriotic education of children is one of the main tasks of a preschool institution.

Kindergarten is a place where a child gains experience of broad emotional and practical interaction with adults and peers in the most significant areas of life for his development.

The system of patriotic education covers all levels of educational activity and is implemented through certain stages, forms and methods.

Stages of patriotic education:

• preliminary, basic - the formation of the moral foundations of the individual, the accumulation of experience in moral behavior and relationships with other people, the development of moral feelings;
• artistic and educational – acquaintance with folk traditions, national art;
• cognitive-emotional – development of interest in one’s country;
• emotional-effective – the formation of the desire and ability to realize relationships and knowledge in practical and imaginary activities.

Means of patriotic education:

• surrounding mesoenvironment;
• fiction and art;
• folklore;
• Practical activities.

Methods of patriotic education (correspond to the stages of work with children and their age):

• increased cognitive activity;
• emotionality of perception;
• adjusting the children’s image of the Motherland;
• coordination of different types of activities.

Forms of patriotic education:

• creation of a development environment;
• thematic classes;
• interaction with parents;
• interaction with society (excursions around the city, region, excursions to museums, exhibition halls, etc.).

Objectives of patriotic education:

• nurturing in a child love and affection for his family, home, kindergarten, street, city;
• formation of a caring attitude towards nature and all living things;
• instilling respect for work;
• developing interest in Russian traditions and crafts;
• formation of basic knowledge about human rights;
• expanding ideas about Russian cities;
• acquaintance with the symbols of the state - coat of arms, anthem, flag;
• developing a sense of responsibility and pride for the country’s achievements;
• the formation of tolerance, a sense of respect for other peoples and their traditions.

These tasks are solved in all types of children's activities, as they instill in the child not only patriotic feelings, but also form his relationships with adults and peers.

So, the construction of the pedagogical process at each stage is built taking into account the age characteristics and capabilities of children, when selecting appropriate methods and the dominant goals of education.

2. Fostering love for the Motherland in children (speech by educators).

It is always necessary to talk about the importance of patriotic education. Currently, the idea of ​​cultivating patriotism and citizenship is becoming increasingly important and is becoming an important state task.

A preschool institution is the initial link, designed to form in children a first understanding of the world around them, their attitude towards their native nature, their small Motherland, their Fatherland.

During the period of preschool childhood, the formation of cultural and value orientations, the spiritual and moral basis of the child’s personality, the development of emotions, thinking, feelings, and awareness of oneself in the world around them occurs.

Patriotic education of preschool children has its own characteristics:

1. A child’s feeling of love for the Motherland begins with love for close people - father, mother, with a feeling of their warmth, care, attention. These childhood emotions later become the basis for the emergence of more complex social feelings.
2. Nurturing patriotism means nurturing love and affection for the place where the child was born, for the small Motherland. It has been historically proven: a person who knows his native history, the culture of his native city, shows love, devotion, and respect for his homeland.

Pedagogical Council "Patriotic education in modern society in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard for Education"

Pedagogical council

“Patriotic education in modern society in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard of Education”

prepared:

Eppinger N.S.

Target:

Systematization of teachers’ knowledge about the organization of educational activities with preschool children on issues of patriotic education.

Work plan:

1. “Work on moral and patriotic education in a preschool educational organization.”

2. “Music and patriotic education of preschool children.”

3. Ways, means and methods of patriotic education of preschool children in the context of the transition to the Federal State Educational Standard

4. “Patriotic education of preschool children through physical education.”

5. Discussion on the topic “Moral and patriotic education of preschool children.”

6.

Progress of the pedagogical council:

I. “Work on moral and patriotic education in a preschool educational organization.”

In the modern world, the loss of patriotic consciousness in society is becoming increasingly noticeable. Thus, today many children are unfamiliar with the concepts of “honoring parents,” “respecting adults,” “hospitality,” and “mercy.” Therefore, cultivating love for the homeland should begin in childhood with a respectful attitude towards loved ones, family, relatives, your home, street, city, country.

Patriotism is love for the Motherland, devotion to it, responsibility and pride for it, the desire to work for its benefit, to protect and increase its wealth, it is love for the land where one was born and raised, and these feelings and character traits begin to form already in preschool age .

Unfortunately, due to lack of time, many parents do not pay due attention to the formation of patriotic feelings in their children.

The Soviet poet and publicist Ilya Grigorievich Erenburg once wrote: “In order for patriotism to be strong and unshakable, it must come from love for one’s small homeland - one’s hometown, one’s native nature, the village, the region.” And the Russian teacher Konstantin Dmitrievich Ushinsky noted the following: “Just as there is no man without self-love, so there is no man without love for the fatherland, and this love gives education the sure key to a person’s heart...”. Therefore, moral and patriotic education is one of the main tasks of a preschool educational organization.

In order to properly build work on patriotic education, it is necessary to take the following documents as a basis:

— Constitution of the Russian Federation.

— State program “Patriotic education of citizens of the Russian Federation for 2011–2015”, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation on October 5, 2010, aimed at all social strata and age groups of Russian citizens, the program defines the main ways of development of the system of patriotic education, substantiates its content in modern conditions, outlines ways and mechanisms for implementing the program.

— Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation”.

— Federal Law “On the Perpetuation of the Victory of the Soviet People in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.” (with amendments and additions) dated May 19, 1995.

— Federal Law of the Russian Federation “On Amendments to the Law of the Russian Federation “On Perpetuating the Memory of Those Who Died in Defense of the Fatherland”” dated April 5, 2013.

— National doctrine of education in the Russian Federation.

— The concept of patriotic education of citizens of the Russian Federation, the development of which is due to the need to implement the State program “Patriotic education of citizens of the Russian Federation for 2011–2015.”

The feeling of patriotism is multifaceted in its content. It is no coincidence that the work of instilling patriotic feelings in children involves a whole range of tasks. Here are some of them.

1. Cultivate love for home, family, kindergarten.

2. Encourage children to perform socially significant tasks and do good deeds.

3. Exercise children in showing compassion, care, and attentiveness to family and friends, friends and peers, to all living things.

4. Promote the active involvement of parents in joint activities with the child in family and kindergarten settings.

5. Foster respect for work.

6. Develop interest in Russian traditions and crafts.

7. Update children’s knowledge about the symbols of the state (coat of arms, flag, anthem), etc.

These tasks must be solved in preschool educational institutions in the process of carrying out all types of children's activities: direct educational, play, work, household, joint creative, as well as in project activities.

Work on patriotic education should also be implemented through the integration of educational areas: “socio-communicative development”, “cognitive development”, “speech development”, “artistic and aesthetic development”, “physical development”.

Kindergarten is a place where a child gains experience of broad emotional and practical interaction with adults and peers in the most significant areas of life for his development. By directing the activities of children, we, educators, form such important traits for a Russian person as love for their native land, the Motherland, the Russian Army, history, and respect for people of other nationalities. We introduce children to the symbols of the state, historical figures, and develop an interest in Russian traditions and crafts.

The system of patriotic education can be implemented through the following forms
of work
:

— creation of a developing subject-spatial environment for civic and patriotic education. These are centers of patriotic education, in which, according to the requirements and age characteristics, the necessary material and benefits should be provided;

— conducting scientific and educational activities on this topic. It is important that these activities increase mental activity. This is helped by the technique of comparison “before and now,” questions, individual assignments, and appeal to the experience of children. It is necessary to teach children to independently analyze what they see, make generalizations and conclusions. You can suggest looking for the answer in the illustrations, asking your parents. Hence the following form of work -

— interaction with the families of pupils, where, using specific facts and examples from the lives of older family members (great-grandfathers and great-grandmothers, participants in the Second World War, their exploits), it is necessary to instill in children respect for heroes, a sense of duty to the Motherland, love for the Fatherland, etc. Despite all the difficulties, parents should become indispensable participants in the work on the patriotic development of children, help in collecting and promoting materials in their native land. Family excursions to museums, inspections of historical and cultural monuments are of great importance in this regard;

— interaction with society (excursions with teachers around the city, region, to a museum, exhibition hall, monuments, etc.).

The system and sequence of work on patriotic education of preschoolers in kindergarten is built according to the following scheme:

You need to go from near to far. The teacher gradually leads the child to the understanding that each person has his own small homeland - a town (city, village, to which he has felt affection since childhood, and at the same time - a large Motherland - Russia, the Russian Federation).

And the teacher’s task is to select from the mass of impressions received by the child those that are most accessible and interesting to him, and the facts to which the children’s attention is drawn must be vivid, imaginative, and concrete. The teacher must think through what is appropriate to show and tell the children, especially highlighting what is typical only for this area, this region, what is only here.

So, speaking about the education of citizenship and patriotism, we must first of all take care that the little person becomes a Man with a capital P, so that he can distinguish bad from good, so that his aspirations and desires are aimed at creation, self-determination and development in himself those qualities and values ​​thanks to which we can firmly say about him that he is a patriot and a citizen of his Motherland.

2. “The role of music in the moral and patriotic education of preschool children.”

The works of Russian musical and oral folk art used in working with preschoolers are simple, imaginative, and melodic, so children quickly learn them. The intonation advantages of songs allow children to use them both at a younger and older age. These songs promote the development of initial singing skills in young children. At an older age, they are very effective as chanting. Russian songs are becoming more understandable and accessible, and the same applies to playing children's musical instruments. Folk music must be included to learn dance movements, dramatizations, round dances, dances, etc.

When working with children, it is necessary to ensure that they are not only active listeners and spectators, but also active performers of songs, dances, round dances, musical games, etc., and are actively involved in work and preparation for holidays and entertainment.

In some cases, the relationship between musical and visual arts can be used. Folk music is included in art classes, when children create decorative compositions based on folk crafts. The inclusion of oral folklore: fairy tales, nursery rhymes, proverbs, sayings, riddles, tongue twisters enriches the content and figurative side of speech and stimulates the emotional responses of children, making the process of perception of folk art more vivid, deep and conscious.

Thus, by introducing children to the musical heritage of our people, we instill in them a sense of patriotism, and it is inseparable from instilling a sense of national pride.

3.Ways, means and methods of patriotic education of preschool children in the context of the transition to the Federal State Educational Standard.

The problem of educating a patriotic citizen is as old as the world. She stood before humanity when the first state arose. Patriotic education creates certain prerequisites for civil behavior. However, these are just premises. Love for the Motherland begins with love for one’s Small Motherland - the place where a person was born. In this regard, determining the goals, objectives, content and means of patriotic education of preschool children becomes of great importance.

The main tasks of patriotic education of older preschoolers include:

— formation of love for the native land (involvement in one’s home, family, kindergarten, city);

— formation of spiritual and moral relations;

— formation of love for the cultural heritage of one’s people;

- nurturing a love of respect for one’s national characteristics;

— self-esteem as a representative of one’s people;

- a tolerant attitude towards representatives of other nationalities, peers, parents, neighbors, and other people.

Patriotic education of preschoolers should solve a wide range of problems. This is not only the education of love for one’s home and family, but also the education of a respectful attitude towards a person - a worker and the results of his work, his native land, defenders of the fatherland, state symbols, state traditions, and national holidays.

Methods of educating preschoolers ensure that they acquire knowledge about their native people, their homeland and, on this basis, the development of national traits and qualities of the younger generation.

It is impossible to achieve a high-quality level of patriotic education of preschoolers without taking into account the specifics of individual regions and their national characteristics.

Fostering love for the Motherland, for one’s Fatherland, is an extremely difficult task, especially when it comes to preschool children. However, to a large extent, this difficulty arises when trying to transfer “adult” indicators of manifestations of love for the Motherland to children. Preschool age, as a period of personality development, has its own potential for the formation of higher moral feelings, which include the feeling of patriotism.

In order to determine the specifics of the process of forming love for the Motherland in children, there is a need to determine the nature of the patriotic feeling itself, its structure, content, and also to trace its birth, sources (on the basis of what feelings it is formed or, more precisely, without any emotional educational

basis, this complex integral feeling cannot appear). Indeed, if patriotism is a feeling of affection, devotion, responsibility, etc. to his homeland, then the child, even in preschool age, must be taught to be friendly (to something, to be responsible in his small affairs, actions). Before a child learns to empathize with the troubles and problems of the Motherland, he must learn empathy in general as a human feeling. Admiring the vastness of the region, its beauty and natural resources arises when a child is taught to see the beauty directly around him. Also, before a person learns to work for the good of the Motherland, it is necessary to teach him to conscientiously carry out work assignments and instill a love of work. Thus, the basic stage in the formation of love for the Motherland in children should be considered the accumulation by the child of social experience of living in his Fatherland and the assimilation of established norms of behavior and relationships.

Patriotic feeling is multifaceted in nature. It unites all aspects of the personality: moral, labor, mental, aesthetic, as well as physical development and involves influencing each side to obtain a single result. The concept of patriotism includes cognitive, emotional, and behavioral components that are realized in the sphere of society and nature. At the same time, for preschoolers the leading one is the emotional component. The cognitive component provides content, and the behavioral component performs a control and diagnostic function.

If we consider patriotism through the concept of “attitude,” several directions can be distinguished:

1) attitude towards the nature of the native land, native country;

2) attitude towards people who live in their native country;

3) attitude towards moral values, traditions, customs, culture;

4) attitude towards the state structure.

Each of these areas can become the content of educational activities with children, and each will contribute to socialization

the child’s personality, subject to taking into account the developmental characteristics of children. It is impossible to talk about education and love for the Motherland without children receiving certain knowledge about it.

The content of classes can also be determined in several directions.

A child of preschool age can and should know the name of the country in which he lives, its main city, capital, hometown or village, what is the nature of his native land and the country where the child lives, what kind of people by nationality and personal qualities inhabit it the country, how they glorified their native country and the whole world, what the art, traditions and customs of the country are.

This is a scheme for the content of knowledge about the native country, on the basis of which it is possible to form an effective attitude towards it already at preschool age.

There is an opinion that the path to fostering love for the Motherland is formed according to the logic

“from close to distant” - from love for parents (more precisely, one’s home), for the street,

the city, love for the native country. You need to think about whether this is really

The “territorial approach” is effective in educating such a complex and

multifaceted social feeling, like love for the Motherland. Obviously, the point is not to expand the “territory”, but to create conditions for solving the problems of patriotic education, for developing in children the feelings that ultimately make up patriotism: friendship, loyalty, a sense of ownership and the awareness that you belong, that you are needed .

Preschoolers gradually form an “image of their own home” with its way of life, traditions, communication, and style of interaction. The child accepts his home as it is and loves it. This feeling of “parental home” forms the basis of love for the Motherland, the Fatherland.

The task of the teacher, together with parents, is to form love and friendship for one’s home, the desire to take care of, to do better. It is important that the child has his own responsibilities in the family - this helps strengthen the “sense of family”.

4. “Patriotic education of preschool children through physical education.”

7. The formation of moral feelings in preschoolers, such as patriotism, is also possible through the organization of specially designed physical education and sports festivals, entertainment and outdoor games. Since physical education is closely connected with moral education, with education in the spirit of patriotism.

8. In order to achieve positive results in the formation of personality through the motor sphere of the child, the teachers of our preschool institution have set themselves a number of tasks, as a result of their solution, children develop the ability to show reasonable courage, determination, and self-confidence. Conditions have been created for performing physical exercises aimed at overcoming physical difficulties. Developing patience and endurance in children, as well as showing positive emotions.

9. Physical exercises should be selected according to the age and individual characteristics of children.

10. The preschool educational institution has developed a system of work in this area. To develop the patriotic feelings of preschool children, we use various forms and methods of working with them: in physical education classes, in the process of outdoor games, relay races, sports tournaments and leisure activities.

11. Games of “Zarnitsa”, “military”, sports festivals dedicated to the Day of the Russian Army are held. In this area, work is carried out as an integration of various types of children’s activities. The center of such work are the holidays dedicated to Defender of the Fatherland Day and Victory Day - “We will serve in the Army!” and “Victory Day”, which have the greatest impact on the education of patriotic feelings in children.

12. Such events evoke sympathy for the military and a desire to imitate them. Children want to be like the defenders of the Motherland, they try to be hardy, courageous, persistent in carrying out this or that task in the game. It’s gratifying that the guys have the quality of being ready to always come to the aid of a friend.

Of course, sports activities take place with the obligatory participation of parents. After all, when mothers and fathers next to their children demonstrate their ability to run, jump, and compete, this is instructive for everyone. This creates a positive emotional mood, gives great joy, develops a sense of pride in the successes of their parents, which is an important factor in the formation of patriotic feelings.

13. Work with children in physical education and health is carried out systematically and consistently; such events as “Fun Starts”, “Young Firefighters”, “We are future cosmonauts” are traditional in kindergarten. Children, parents, teachers and other categories of kindergarten employees take part in their preparation.

14. Folk games are an integral part of the moral and patriotic education of preschool children. The peculiarity of folk games is that adults, not intrusively, but purposefully introduce children into the world of folk culture. Based on folk games, we have developed scenarios for such holidays as “Heroic Fun”, “Broad Maslenitsa”, “Folk Games Fair”. Children develop a stable, interested, respectful attitude towards the culture of their native country.

15. By itself, a patriotic feeling does not appear in people. This is the achievement of a long-term, targeted educational influence on a person, starting from a very early age. We hope that thanks to the joint work of the teaching staff, a graduate model is formed - a physically developed personality with valuable, moral qualities and the need for a healthy lifestyle, with creative potential and the ability for self-development.

5. Discussion on the topic “Moral and patriotic education of preschool children.”

Teachers are invited to break into four teams of 2-3 people.

Each team needs to comment on the pedagogical situation and find a way out.

Pedagogical situations.

1. In February, kindergartens traditionally hold classes dedicated to Defender of the Fatherland Day. At one of the classes in the senior group, the teacher asks the boys who they would like to serve in the army. The guys name various military professions: pilot, sailor, tanker, border guard, submariner, artilleryman.

Misha does not take part in the conversation. The teacher encourages him to speak out too: “Misha, who would you like to be?”

Misha: “I won’t go into the army. Dad said there’s nothing to do there!”

2. On the eve of Victory Day celebrations, the teacher tells the children that tomorrow the whole group will go on an excursion to the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, and invites the kids to bring flowers from home.

The next day, all the children come to kindergarten with bouquets of tulips, carnations, and daffodils.

The teacher takes the children outside, the children line up in pairs, show each other their bouquets, and tell how they will lay flowers at the foot of the monument. Several children turn to the teacher: “But Vanya didn’t bring flowers!”

3. Dads and grandfathers are invited to the festive matinee dedicated to Defender of the Fatherland Day. Various competitions were organized for the guests, in which the child and father (or grandfather) had to take part.

Anya, Dima and Ira did not take part in a single competition during the entire holiday, although they sang and danced along with all the children. It turned out that the parents were busy at work and could not come to the matinee.

4. The teacher invites the preparatory group students to take part in organizing the mini-museum exposition. The theme of the exhibition is “Our grandfathers – glorious victories.” For a whole month, the guys brought letters and photographs from the war years, photo albums, and military uniforms from home. They enthusiastically laid out these items on the shelves, several times a day they approached the location of the exhibition exhibits, looked at them, and discussed them.

One day, the teacher heard a phrase dropped by one of the children: “And Irina Andreevna (this is the nanny of the group in which the exhibition was organized) said that we brought all sorts of things and now it is not convenient for her to wipe the dust on the shelves!”

Questions for discussion:

1. In your opinion, on what conditions does the awakening of a feeling of love for the Motherland depend?

2. Why, in your opinion, should the formation of moral and patriotic feelings begin from preschool age?

3. What is the role of the teacher in the patriotic education of a preschooler?

4. What role can parents play in raising a preschooler?

5. What methods and techniques do you consider the most successful in the patriotic education of preschool children?

"Brainstorm"

(moral and patriotic education in the development of preschool children)

Target:

to clarify and consolidate the knowledge of teachers on the moral and patriotic education of preschool children.

Tasks:

— increase pedagogical competence in matters of moral and patriotic education;

— generalize the knowledge of teachers about the goals, objectives and means by which the moral and patriotic education of preschool children is determined;

- develop a way of analyzing your own activity and the activity of another participant during the game, showing pedagogical tact;

- promote the acquisition of teamwork experience.

Progress of the game.

Leading.

Dear colleagues, I invite you to take part in the brainstorming game.

"Brain workout"

A document that covers all the main aspects of children’s life, in other words, is it a model of the educational process in a preschool educational institution?
(Educational program of preschool educational institution).
1. A system of material objects of a child’s activity, functionally modeling the content of his moral and patriotic education. What is this? (Subject-spatial development environment).

2. The land where you were born? (Motherland).

3. The ancient name of Russia? (Rus).

4. A person who belongs to the permanent population of a given state and enjoys all the rights and fulfills all the duties of that state? (Citizen).

5. Preservation of past values ​​in the present? (Cultural heritage).

6. Originality, difference from others? (Identity).

7. Devotion and love for your fatherland, for your people? (Patriotism).

8. A large territory that has definite boundaries and enjoys state sovereignty? (A country).

9. Historical science that studies the culture and life of the peoples of the world, their origin, ethnic history and cultural interactions? (Ethnography).

10. A special political institution that ensures social security of the population, defense and security of the country? (State).

11. Who is responsible for raising a child? (Parents).

12. Symbol of the state, its sovereignty: a cloth of established sizes and colors attached to a tree or cord? (Flag).

13. Official emblem of the state? (Coat of arms).

14. What was passed on from one generation to another, what was inherited from previous generations? (Tradition).

"Pedagogical erudition."

1. Explain the concept.

Moral and patriotic education is...

2. List the tasks of moral and patriotic education:

3. The purpose of moral and patriotic education:

2. When solving the problems of moral and patriotic education, each teacher must build his work taking into account the following principles:

"Brain attack".

Coat of arms

Hymn

Russia

Honor

Motherland

Moscow

War

Victory

Reflection “Everything is in our hands”

Leading.

There is a cube on your tables. Based on the game, I suggest you choose and write down on the faces of the cube what you consider most important in instilling moral and patriotic feelings in preschoolers.

Take them in your hands. We see that the cube does not hold on itself, but only thanks to our hands.

“Proper upbringing is our happy old age, bad upbringing is our future grief, these are our tears, this is our guilt before other people, before the whole country.” A.S. Makarenko

Parable. “Once upon a time there lived a wise man who knew everything. One man wanted to prove that the sage does not know everything. Holding a butterfly in his hands, he asked: “Tell me, sage, which butterfly is in my hands: dead or alive?” And he himself thinks: “If the living one says, I’ll kill her; if the dead one says, I’ll release her.” The sage, after thinking, replied: “Everything is in your hands.” I didn’t take this parable by chance. After all, everything is really in our hands, don’t be afraid to create, look for something new, learn the unknown. Raising moral and patriotic feelings in children is also in your hands!!!

I would like to add as recommendations that in your centers

patriotic education materials appeared dedicated to the 300th anniversary of Kuzbass, such as

- memorable places of our region

— cities celebrating their anniversaries

-nature and animals of Kuzbass, etc.

As well as materials related to the 75th anniversary of the Great Victory and the anniversary of our hometown of Kiselevsk.

Dear colleagues, thank you for your attention, we hope that our pedagogical advice was useful to you.

Literature and Internet resources used:

1. For preschoolers about defenders of the fatherland: a methodological guide to patriotic education in preschool educational institutions / ed. L. A. Kondrykinskaya. - Moscow: Sphere shopping center, 2006.

2. My country. The revival of national culture and the education of moral and patriotic feelings in preschool children: a practical guide for educators and methodologists of preschool educational institutions / author.-comp. IN AND. Natarova and others - Voronezh: Teacher, 2005.

3. Moral and patriotic education of preschool children. Toolkit. /ed. M.D. Makhaneva. – Moscow: Sfera shopping center, 2009.

4. Zelenova, N.G. We live in Russia. Civic and patriotic education of preschool children: A manual for preschool teachers. – Moscow: Publishing House Scriptorium 2003, 2008.

5. https://nsportal.ru

6. https://zanimatika.narod.ru

Moral and patriotic education

in kindergarten is a set of civic-oriented activities that contribute to the formation of common values ​​in the child and his family.

Patriotic education of preschool children according to the Federal State Educational Standard is quite relevant in modern conditions. This is due to the establishment of priority for material values ​​over spiritual ones in our society. However, raising the younger generation within the framework of respect and love for the Motherland forms a morally healthy, viable population

Objectives of moral and patriotic education

: Formation of a spiritual and moral attitude, a sense of belonging and love for the family, city, country, the nature of the native land, the cultural heritage of one’s people, interest in folk crafts and traditions. Instilling self-esteem in a child as a representative of his people. Cultivating a caring attitude towards all living things, the surrounding world, the nature of one’s native land - and nature in general. Cultivating love for one’s hometown, street, home, and one’s family. Expanding the child’s knowledge about the cities of the republic. Fostering love and respect for work Fostering a child’s basic understanding of human rights Familiarity with state symbols - the coat of arms, flag, anthem Fostering in children a tolerant attitude towards the traditions of other nations Developing a sense of pride in the achievements of the homeland These tasks in kindergarten are solved in games, classes and in everyday life, not only instilling patriotic feelings in children, but also forming their relationships with friends and adults. Moral and patriotic education is a complex pedagogical process.

The goal is moral

- patriotic education of preschool children - to instill love for the Fatherland in the “Small Motherland”, to educate patriots of their region, citizens of a legal democratic, social state, respecting the rights and freedoms of the individual, possessing high morality and showing national and religious tolerance.

moral and patriotic education, each teacher must build his work in accordance with local conditions and characteristics of children, taking into account the following principles:

— “positive centrism” (selection of knowledge that is most relevant for a child of a given age);

-continuity and continuity of the pedagogical process;

— a differentiated approach to each child, maximum consideration of his psychological characteristics, capabilities and interests;

- a rational combination of different types of activities, an age-appropriate balance of intellectual, emotional and motor stress;

-activity approach;

-developmental nature of education based on children's activity.

To implement the moral and patriotic education of preschoolers, it is necessary:

-creation of favorable material, technical and social conditions;

-updating the content of education, selecting the most interesting and accessible material based on the experience and feelings of children;

-consistent orientation towards cultural conformity of education, designed to ensure the formation of a person’s spiritual world;

- close contact on this issue with the family, relying on its traditions and experience.

Downloaded from www.znanio.ru

Pedagogical council on the topic: “Spiritual and moral education of preschool children”

“Kindness must become the same

normal human condition

like thinking. She must

become a habit."

V.G. Sukhomlinsky

You have probably heard the phrase “out of the kindness of your heart” more than once. And more and more often one hears irony in it rather than generosity. The greatest danger of modern society, where material values ​​prevail over spiritual ones, is the destruction of personality. We all want one thing, to protect our children from cruelty, indifference, and aggression. How to explain to a child that such qualities of the soul as mercy, generosity, kindness, compassion, love for one’s neighbor, which are characteristic only of humans, make us happier and kinder.

Education of morality begins with the formation of the concepts of good and bad, with awareness of one’s actions, both good and bad. How to explain to a child that every good deed is a particle of goodness invested in the world of kindness? It makes you feel warmer, brighter and more joyful, and every bad deed is a grain of evil, which makes you feel dark and scary. How can you help your child feel the need to contribute to the good and realize the responsibility for contributing to the bad?

The concept of good and bad for a child is an abstraction, because they cannot be touched or seen. How to bring these concepts to life? How to make it work? One of the main reasons for a child’s indifferent attitude towards others is a lack of understanding of other people’s emotions and experiences. As a rule, adults try to protect the baby from worries and negative emotions, fearing that they will negatively affect his mental health. As a result, the child does not learn to understand the people around him, sympathize with them, and empathize with them. The teacher’s task is to see what is hidden in the souls of children, and help them cope with their emotions and experiences, and teach them to feel the people around them.

Children see reality in their own way; they judge their own actions and the actions of others, based on their still limited life experience. Therefore, the teacher needs to skillfully and unobtrusively teach the child to correctly perceive and evaluate life situations. Working with children, we never cease to develop self-care skills; for this we read them poems and fairy tales, such as “Masha the Confused Man”, “The Incompetent”, and discuss current situations. Good relationships with people and peers help to develop role-playing games, where the children themselves play the leading role. For example, the game “Home”, “Come to us for tea”, “Doll Katya is sick”, etc. During the game, humane feelings are brought up, caring for the doll as a bearer of human qualities, they teach children to be polite.

We created a card index “Polite Fairy Tales”, in which the heroes are our familiar animals who help each other. At a young age, children perceive polite words as something formal and optional. Therefore, it is important to develop the habit of constantly saying “hello”, “thank you”, “goodbye”. The best helpers in this situation are the heroes of your favorite books, as well as examples of adults.

During activities and games, we often include elements of motivation, i.e. the presence of a third party. It could be Carlson, who accidentally dropped into our kindergarten to play with the children, a bear cub, a bunny who ran away from the wolf, or we create and together solve problem situations such as “The dog is lost,” “Why is the bunny crying,” “Kolobok” who needs to be saved from the fox,” etc. We draw a cheerful face on the ball and pass it around, not forgetting to praise our little bun and say warm, kind words to him.

In the daily life of the group, we often use good poems, quatrains, such as “it’s you, and it’s me, you’re good to me, my gift is dear, and I don’t need another!” When putting the child to bed, we recite nursery rhymes and jokes; we use them when waking up children, during water procedures, before sitting down at the table, in any situation. Folk wisdom has always taught us only good things.

From the first years of their lives, children are familiar with the works of A. Barto “Bull”, “Bunny”, “Bear”, “Our Tanya”, the heroes of which cannot help but sympathize and want to help. These simple poems teach humanity, a caring attitude, and when you watch how a girl rocks a doll, holding it close to her, or how little fingers painstakingly help glue a book that has been read to holes, you understand that kindness will save the world!

It is not easy to penetrate into the inner world of a child, understand him and come to mutual understanding. It’s not easy for parents, and even harder for teachers. To solve this difficult problem, the adult tries to stretch a thin spiritual thread that would connect him with the child. The main thing is to try to maintain this connection and not let it break!

Bibliography:

Preschool education No. 09.2007