Octopus. Story for children
And the annoying red mullet asked again: “And she will be the same as everyone else?” Look, one of my legs is completely new.
But you'll never know which one. And he began to energetically bend and unbend his tentacles. As if he decided to do gymnastics. And dexterous, like hands. Or maybe it’s not your legs at all?
Deep, deep underwater, under a large stone, lived an octopus, which, as everyone knows, had eight legs, or more correctly, tentacles. The octopus was very proud of such a large number of tentacles and considered himself the strongest and most beautiful. The octopus lived completely alone and had no friends, he rarely crawled out from under his rock, the octopus did not hang out with other sea inhabitants, because he did not consider it necessary to be friends with someone who did not have as many legs as he did. And, although the octopus was very bored living alone under a stone, he could not find a friend to his liking.
The octopus turned purple with indignation. Becoming a semipod goes anywhere. But being an octupper? He didn't like this at all.
He asked angrily: “What’s your name?” The octopus laughed: “Ha-ha-ha-ha!”
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This is a must, what a funny name! The servants will take you, Your Majesty, to your chambers. When Vasya was finally left alone, he began to remember his beloved friends, fish and shellfish, and he felt so sad that all sleep disappeared.
The octopus is a hunter of tropical and subtropical seas and oceans, which can sometimes itself become someone’s victim. The secret weapon he possesses is an ink sac filled with dyeing liquid. The first ink was born thanks to this sea creature.
He suddenly realized that, no matter how sad it was for him to offend his new friends, he must return to his old, little friends, to his house, to his field with seaweed. Vasya got up, left the chambers and, carefully so that no one would see, walked along the corridor, looking for a way out.
Vasya wandered along these endless corridors for a very long time until he came out into the garden. Vasya stopped, listened and suddenly heard someone’s voices.
Vasya went to where they were heard. He saw night algae flowers in the clearing. They were talking. Vasya stood up and listened. The octopus Vasya listened and listened, and the more he learned, the more terrible he became.
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And for this role they look for gullible strangers and throw them an enchanted blue crystal. They crown them, give them all sorts of honors, lulling their vigilance, and in the evening of the next day they sacrifice the poor fellows. Vasya learned that these sacrifices have been made for thousands of years, and that this terrible tradition can only be stopped by a brave stranger who does not buy into the honors, flattery and luxury of the castle, and will find a green crystal, which is hidden in the thickets of pink corals, in the very center of the garden, and touches him.
Vasya heard that as soon as the green crystal comes to life, it will turn all the false gods into dust and save the inhabitants of this castle.
And, in return, the hero-savior will be able to return to his former life. The octopus Vasya listened until dawn. As soon as the rays of the sun cut through the ocean to the bottom, the algae flowers began to yawn, and then completely fell asleep.
Vasya realized that he had very little time left, and he needed to find pink corals and a green crystal as quickly as possible.
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Vasya swam, quickly moving his tentacles. He realized that the castle was already missing him, because he heard screams and the roar of drums from all sides. Where are you?
Come out, we’ll find you anyway! Octopuses have three hearts that pump blue blood. Octopuses can change the color of their bodies. And if the octopus senses danger or gets scared, it releases a special coloring substance from a special ink sac. Such protection confuses the enemy and makes it possible to quickly swim away.
This allows him to move almost at lightning speed in the water space.
Octopuses feed on small crustaceans, fish and some mollusks. This amazing animal has a special beak, with which it bites the victim and holds it with the help of suction cups around its mouth.
Once upon a time there lived an octopus named Vasya at the bottom of the sea-ocean. He was very hardworking, kind and very, very brave! Vasya had a field where he grew seaweed.
At this time, poison from the salivary glands enters the victim’s body, immobilizing and killing it. Octopuses breathe through gills. The excretory organs are represented by the gill appendages of the hearts, kidney sacs and the gills themselves. To summarize, it must be said that the intelligence of octopuses is much higher than that of some invertebrates and a number of vertebrates.
Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin was born into a merchant family on January 25 of the year, in the Russian Empire.
№3
Like squids, they have three hearts. One main, three-chamber and two smaller ones. The main heart pumps blood throughout the body. The two smaller ones are located near the gills (they are called gill hearts). These hearts oxygenate the blood before it reaches the main heart. The main heart then delivers oxygenated blood to all organs.
The tale about the octopus Vasya
The Shishkin family was famous for its ancient origins. Ivan Ivanovich is a famous Russian landscape artist, painter, and engraver. Ufa is one of the largest cities in Russia and the capital of the Republic of Bashkortostan, as a result of which it can be classified as a city of republican significance. Date of foundation year, population for the year is 1 person. Countless times we have put ourselves at risk of becoming victims of the octopuses' addiction to unusual drinks. At first we felt a natural disgust at the thought of having to touch the slimy surface of rocks or sea animals, but we quickly became convinced that our fingers were not so scrupulous in this regard.
So, for the first time we decided to touch a live octopus. And there were a lot of them all around, both at the bottom and on the rocky slopes. One day Dumas plucked up courage and took the bull by the horns, that is, he pulled the octopus off the cliff. He did this not without fear, but he was reassured by the fact that the octopus was small, and Dumas was clearly too big a mouthful for him.
But if Didi was a little cowardly, then the octopus himself was simply in a panic. He squirmed desperately, trying to escape the four-armed monster, and finally broke free. The octopus ran away in leaps and bounds, pumping water through itself and throwing out streams of its famous ink liquid.
There is no reliable evidence of octopuses attacking humans, however, certain species pose a serious danger due to the poisonous bites that a person can provoke them into by persistently trying to come into contact with them.
Engraving has gained great fame throughout the world and over the centuries [20].
№5
Some scientists believe that the short lifespan of this mollusk is its only drawback. Unfortunately, they only live 1-5 years. After mating, the male dies immediately. The situation is similar with females. After they lay their eggs, they stop eating. Just when the offspring hatch, the females die of starvation.
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№6
They have very small brains, no larger than those of birds. Despite this, this mollusk is still considered one of the most intelligent marine inhabitants in the world. These cephalopods can camouflage themselves, solve various problems such as opening a mollusk, etc.
It is worth noting that almost 2/3 of the brain of this animal is responsible for the work of the tentacles.
№9
They are one of the most flexible animals on our planet. All this is caused by the fact that they do not have a skeleton. In fact, the only hard part of their body is their beak, which is made of cartilage and is located inside the head. Thanks to this, they can compress their bodies and squeeze into small holes. Surprisingly, an adult octopus can even squeeze into the neck of a bottle.
Use in cooking
For the Russian gourmet, octopus body and tentacles are an exquisite delicacy. However, there are countries in which the product is widely distributed. In Asian gastronomic culture, these mollusks are eaten alive. Japanese sushi and rolls with their meat are more familiar to Europeans. In Indonesia, octopus mantle and tentacles are dried and then boiled in coconut milk with the addition of local savory spices.
Mediterranean cuisine is famous for soups, salads and pasta with seafood, not least of which are octopus tentacles. Among the popular appetizers in Spain and Italy is carpaccio in creamy or garlic sauce. Experts recommend: this dish is ideal to serve with good wine.
The body and tentacles of the mollusk can be boiled, fried, baked, smoked, stuffed, stewed, that is, any culinary processing methods are applicable to them. All this can be done at home: in restaurants, although this delicacy is prepared by specialists in their field, it is too expensive.
Usually frozen whole carcasses or tentacles are sold separately. They are defrosted under gentle conditions: first in a regular refrigerator and only at the last stage at room temperature. It is necessary to rinse the mollusk thoroughly, paying special attention to the suckers on the tentacles. Most often, octopuses are boiled. Experienced chefs warn: the cooking time for the tentacles and mantle is different. If the body needs two to three minutes, then the tentacles, depending on their size, may need seven to ten minutes. Along with boiled ones in salads and appetizers, canned tentacles also go well with other ingredients.
At home, you can prepare many original dishes with octopus tentacles and carcasses, including:
- spaghetti or risotto;
- salsa and carpaccio;
- stew with potatoes or sweet potatoes;
- kebabs or grilled tentacles.
There are plenty of recipes for these and other dishes with step-by-step photos on the Internet.
Well, in conclusion, a couple of tips on choosing fresh octopus. Before purchasing, you need to evaluate what the animal carcass looks like: the transparency of the eyes, the color and shine of the skin of the tentacles, the elasticity of the meat. Damage and black spots are a reason to refuse the purchase; it is unsafe to eat such a product. Important: octopus meat is not stored fresh. If cooking is not planned right away, the shellfish needs to be boiled. In this form, it can be kept in the refrigerator for up to three days.
№11
The blue-ringed octopus may look beautiful, but appearances are deceiving. The blue-ringed octopus is a highly aggressive and venomous genus. The genus contains three species. They are considered one of the most poisonous animals on the planet. Despite its small size (approximately 20 cm), its venom is so toxic that one bite is enough to kill a person. One blue-ringed octopus has enough venom to kill 26 people. What makes its bite more dangerous is that there is still no antidote, and the bite is often invisible, so the victim does not even suspect that the most dangerous poison on the planet has entered his body.
How do they reproduce?
In most octopuses, reproduction occurs only once: having given birth to offspring, they die from exhaustion.
Cephalopods mate in the following way: the males release spermatophores into the mantle cavity of the female, inserting a sexual tentacle, the hectocotylus, into one of the siphon openings. The fluid released by the male enters the female's oviduct and fertilizes the eggs during laying.
Sometimes females, after mating, strangle their partner with tentacles. They drag dead males into their lair and eat them. In species with developed intersexual cannibalism, males try to stay as far as possible from the female, extending the hectocotylus to a length twice the length of the tentacles. Some species of molluscs detach their completed sexual tentacle and leave it to the female.
Females hide the laid eggs in holes, glue them to the walls of crevices and caves, or glue them into small clusters and carry them with them. All the time before the hatchlings appear, they monitor the eggs, remove any debris that gets on the clutch and direct streams of fresh water towards them. The duration of egg maturation varies from 4-5 months to a year or more in some species of deep-sea mollusks. All this time the female does not hunt or eat. Octopuses are born completely independent.
What do they eat
The octopus's diet is based on crabs, lobsters, shrimp, and bivalves. In search of food, it moves along the bottom or comes ashore. Octopuses pull out crustaceans hidden in shelters with their tentacles, penetrating even the smallest crevices.
The mollusk feeds on fish very rarely. When a school approaches, it opens like a net and captures passing fish.
The animal grabs the prey it finds or catches with its tentacles and stuffs it into its mouth. The oral cavity is covered with a radula - a chitinous plate with sharp growths used for grinding food.
Video
And finally, an interesting documentary about octopuses from National Geographic.
Author: Pavel Chaika, editor-in-chief of Poznavaika magazine
When writing the article, I tried to make it as interesting, useful and high-quality as possible. I would be grateful for any feedback and constructive criticism in the form of comments on the article. You can also write your wish/question/suggestion to my email [email protected] or Facebook, with respect, the author.
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Interesting Facts
Origin of the species and description
Photo: Octopus
Octopuses (aka octopuses) are the most common representatives of the cephalopod order. Theutologists, scientists who study octopuses, distinguish two main orders that differ in their way of life: benthic and nomadic. For the most part, octopuses are bottom-dwelling creatures.
The body of an octopus consists entirely of soft tissue, therefore, in terms of paleontology, research on the origin of octopuses is difficult - after death, they immediately decompose, leaving no traces in the layer. However, European paleontologists discovered the remains of an octopus imprinted in the once soft soil rocks in Lebanon.
Video: Octopus
These traces were left approximately 95 million years ago. The remains of these octopuses are in no way different from modern octopuses - the prints were accurate, right down to the structure of the stomach. There are also other types of fossil octopuses, but the sensational discovery revealed that octopuses have not changed over millions of years of existence.
The following representatives also belong to the order of cephalopods:
- nautiluses;
- cuttlefish;
- squid.
Interesting fact: Squids are the largest representatives of cephalopods. In 2007, a female colossal squid was caught that weighed about 500 kg.
The name “cephalopod” was not obtained by chance: several (usually eight) tentacle limbs grow from the head of a representative of the order. It is also common that cephalopods do not have chitinous shells or have a very thin chitinous coating, which in no way protects them from external influences.
№14
Do you think chameleons are masters of camouflage? No. Octopuses. They can not only change color, like chameleons, merging with their environment, but also change their shape. Yes. In particular, we are talking about the species Thaumoctopus mimicus, also known as the mimic octopus. It can take on a wide variety of forms, including stingray, flounder, jellyfish, crabs, snakes, etc.
We also recommend reading: Interesting facts about squid
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№10
Perhaps one of the most important features of their tentacles is the presence of suckers. These suckers are made of tiny complex muscles, making them more complex than regular suckers. They can apply intense pressure, enough to tear flesh. They are also very sticky. In the case of the giant octopus, one of its suction cups can lift an object weighing up to 16 kg.
Beneficial features
Octopus meat is a dietary product rich in protein and B vitamins. Its energy value is (per 100 g of shellfish meat):
- 82 Kcal;
- almost 15 g of protein;
- just over 1 g fat;
- 2.2 g carbohydrates.
Octopus meat is suitable for those who are on a diet to lose weight, and for those who suffer from diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Nutritionists note: the product is especially rich in Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, therefore it is recommended for use to prevent heart disease and to remove so-called “bad” cholesterol from the body. And B vitamins are necessary to regulate metabolism.
Shellfish meat also contains:
- phosphorus responsible for biochemical reactions in cells;
- zinc plays an important role in strengthening the immune system;
- Selenium is necessary for the thyroid gland and has a positive effect on reproductive function;
- iron that prevents the occurrence of anemia and ensures a sufficient amount of hemoglobin in the blood;
- potassium, which regulates neuromuscular communication;
- Magnesium, which supports the nervous system and strengthens the heart muscle.
The only contraindications to including octopus in the diet are allergies and individual intolerance.
