Report on the topic: “Non-traditional drawing as a means of developing the creative potential of preschool children”"

Article:

From a very early age, children try to reflect their impressions of the world around them in their visual arts. Drawing in unconventional ways is a fun, mesmerizing activity that surprises and delights children. Unconventional drawing is used at an early age so that the child draws quickly, because it is still difficult for him to show perseverance. And for older children, unconventional drawing is a way to express creativity. Since for an older child the result is already important, so that the drawing is bright, beautiful and reflects all the events. This is a huge opportunity for children to think, try, search, experiment, and most importantly, express themselves. Conducting classes using non-traditional techniques

• Helps relieve children's fears;
• Develops self-confidence;
• Develops spatial thinking;
• Teaches children to freely express their ideas;
• Encourages children to creative searches and solutions;
• Teaches children to work with a variety of materials;
• Develops a sense of composition, rhythm, color, color perception; a sense of texture and volume;
• Develops fine motor skills of the hands;
• Develops creativity, imagination and flight of fancy.
• While working, children receive aesthetic pleasure.

There are many non-traditional drawing techniques; their unusualness lies in the fact that they allow children to quickly achieve the desired result. For example, what child would not be interested in drawing with his fingers, making a drawing with his own palm, putting blots on paper and getting a funny drawing. The child loves to quickly achieve results in his work.

With children of primary preschool age it is recommended to use:

• finger painting;
• stamped with potato stamps;
• palm painting;
• tamping.

Children of middle preschool age can be introduced to more complex techniques:

• poke with a hard semi-dry brush.
• foam printing;
• cork printing;
• wax crayons + watercolor;
• candle + watercolor;
• leaf prints;
• palm drawings;
• drawing with cotton swabs;
• magic ropes.

And in older preschool age, children can master even more difficult methods and techniques:

• sand painting;
• drawing with soap bubbles;
• drawing with crumpled paper;
• blotography with a tube;
• landscape monotype;
• stencil printing;
• subject monotype;
• ordinary blotography;
• plasticineography.

Each of these techniques is a little game. Their use allows children to feel more relaxed, bolder, more spontaneous, develops imagination, and gives complete freedom for self-expression.

Finger painting – happening.

It is better to introduce children to non-traditional drawing techniques with finger painting - this is the easiest way to obtain an image. At an early age, many children are just learning to use artistic instruments, and therefore it is easier for children to control the movements of their own fingers than a pencil or brush. Each finger-brush has its own paint. You can draw with dots, spots, streaks - and it will snow on the street, and smoke will come out of the chimneys, and what a bunch of grapes, just a sight for sore eyes.

Children really enjoy drawing with their hands. We dip the child’s palm in paint, and the child makes an imprint on the paper with it, then we complement the drawing with fingerprints, and we get a giraffe; we press our palm to the post and draw dots with our fingers - we get an autumn forest. And if you decorate your palm in different colors, you can get funny octopuses, or a cheerful sun and a beautiful butterfly.

Printed with potato stamps.

This technique allows you to repeatedly depict the same object, making a wide variety of compositions from its prints. The child presses the signet onto a pad of paint and makes an impression on a sheet of paper. You can use half an apple.

“Tamping” technique

We use this technique from an early age. We give a foam rubber swab and, dipping it in paint, the children create images. The results are light, airy clouds, fluffy dandelions.

Stenciling with a tampon.

The child applies the stencil to the paper, dips the foam rubber in the paint and dab the foam rubber over the stencil, then carefully removes the stencil, if necessary, repeating the procedure after the paint has dried.

Foam drawings.

For some reason, we all tend to think that if we paint with paints, then we must also use a brush. Not always, foam rubber can come to the rescue. We advise you to make a variety of small geometric figures out of it, and then attach them with thin wire to a stick or pencil (not sharpened). The tool is already ready. Now you can dip it in paint and use stamps to draw red triangles, yellow circles, green squares (all foam rubber, unlike cotton wool, washes well). At first, children will draw geometric shapes chaotically. And then offer to make simple ornaments out of them - first from one type of figure, then from two, three.

Poking with a hard, semi-dry brush.

Means of expression: texture of color, color. Materials: hard brush, gouache, paper of any color and format, or a cut out silhouette of a furry or prickly animal. Method of obtaining an image: the child dips a brush into the gouache and hits the paper with it, holding it vertically. When working, the brush does not fall into the water. In this way, the entire sheet, outline or template is filled. The result is an imitation of the texture of a fluffy or prickly surface.

Wax crayons + watercolor.

Means of expression: color, line, spot, texture. Materials: wax crayons, thick white paper, watercolor, brushes. Method of obtaining an image: the child draws with wax crayons on white paper. Then he paints the sheet with watercolors in one or more colors. The chalk drawing remains unpainted.

Drawing with a candle.

Children really like to draw with a candle. By drawing invisible strokes or putting dots, and then applying paint to the sheet, you can see rain or waves on the sheet, patterns on the window.

“Monodrinking” technique

This technique is the most common. Having folded a sheet of paper in half, apply a few drops of liquid paint to one part of the sheet, cover with the other half of the sheet, unfold it, you will see unusual patterns. You can see flowers, clouds, and a fox in them. If you draw a butterfly with folded wings on one side and cover the image with the other half, you can see that the butterfly spread its wings and flew. Using these techniques, it is easy to explain the law of symmetry to children.

Diapitiya technique

Using a swab or paint, apply a light coat of paint to the smooth surface of the cardboard. Place a sheet of paper on top and invite the child to draw something with a pencil, trying not to press too hard on the paper. On the side that was pressed to the cardboard, a print is obtained - a mirror image of the design with an interesting texture and colored background.

Technique of drawing on a wet sheet

How to properly wet a drawing sheet

This is the most important thing in the technique of drawing on a wet sheet. You need to find a middle ground: a sheet that is too dry will not allow the paint to flow beautifully. If there is too much water, the paint will spread all over the sheet and the drawing will not work out.

Paint on a wet sheet with light touches with the tip of a brush. When you touch a wet sheet with a paint brush, the paint should spread approximately 1-2 centimeters in diameter around the brush.

If the paint doesn't flow, it means you haven't wetted the sheet enough. If the paint spreads very shapelessly, it means there is too much water. Excess water can be removed with a dry brush or sponge.

Drawings whose theme is somehow related to water are very plausible: fish in a pond or aquarium, the sea, clouds with rain. The flowers look very alive.

You can only draw a background for a future drawing on a wet sheet. Or you can use a stencil to draw a figure (for example, an animal) and make the background wet only around this figure.

Learning to make a background. Usually children draw on white paper. This way you can see it more clearly. It's faster that way. But some subjects require a background. And, I must say, all children’s works look better against a background made in advance. Many children make the background with a brush, and an ordinary, small one. Although there is a simple and reliable way: to make a background with cotton wool or a piece of foam rubber dipped in water and paint. You can make a background at the end of the work with wax crayons.

“Blotography” technique

Games with blots (blotography) develop the imagination well. The child scoops up the gouache with a plastic spoon and pours it onto the paper. The result is spots in a random order. The sheet is then covered with another sheet and pressed. Children look at the image and determine: “What does this look like? "

Technique "Thread writing"

This technique causes great delight in children. You will need cotton threads, a set of diluted gouache or watercolor paints that need to be stirred from time to time, and paper. Cut the threads so that it is convenient for children to work with them, 10-15 cm, dip the thread in the paint so that it is saturated. Holding it by the tip, carefully place it on a sheet of paper and cover it with another sheet so that the tip of the thread protrudes. Hold the top sheet and pull the thread. It turned out to be a very beautiful image.

Nitography method.

This method exists mainly for girls. But this does not mean that it is not suitable for children of a different gender. And it consists in the following. First, a screen measuring 25x25 cm is made from cardboard. Either velvet paper or plain flannel is glued onto the cardboard. It would be nice to prepare a cute bag with a set of woolen or half-woolen threads of various colors for the screen. This method is based on the following feature: threads with a certain percentage of wool are attracted to flannel or velvet paper. You just need to attach them with light movements of your index finger. From such threads you can prepare interesting stories. Imagination and sense of taste develop. Girls especially learn to skillfully select colors. Some thread colors suit light flannel, and completely different ones suit dark flannel. Thus begins the gradual path to women’s craft, a very necessary handicraft for them.

Drawing with postcards.

In fact, almost every home has a ton of old postcards. Go through old postcards with your children, teach them to cut out the necessary images and paste them into place, into the plot. A bright factory image of objects and phenomena will give even the simplest unpretentious drawing a completely artistic design. Can a three-, four-, or even five-year-old child draw a dog and a beetle? No. But he will add sun and rain to the dog and the bug and will be very happy. Or if, together with the children, you cut out a fairy-tale house with a grandmother in the window from a postcard and paste it on, then the preschooler, relying on his imagination, knowledge of fairy tales and visual skills, will undoubtedly add something to it

Technique for drawing with semolina.

A drawing is drawn on a sheet of paper with a pencil (or ready-made coloring pages are taken). Then, one by one, the elements of the pattern are coated with glue and covered with semolina. Let it dry, shake off excess grains. When the drawing is dry, paint it with gouache.

Spray technique -

The “spray” technique is the spraying of drops, which in kindergarten can be done with a toothbrush, a ruler, and a comb. Use a toothbrush to pick up paint and draw a ruler along the surface of the brush towards you. Themes for drawing can be absolutely anything. For example, on a sheet of paper we place a composition of dry plants. We attach a vase stencil and a butterfly stencil. Turn the toothbrush away from you (bristles up) and start “combing” it with a ruler, moving from bottom to top. Don’t be afraid to get splashed; if you perform all the steps correctly, splashes of paint and water will fly onto your work. Splash the created composition along the contour, choose darker and more saturated colors for this (burgundy, red, dark green).

You can draw snow like this.

Finger painting using sand.

Very interesting work that children do with pleasure! The lesson takes place in two stages: - at the first stage, we prepare a sheet of paper (preferably large format) for further drawing - apply glue to the entire surface and sprinkle evenly with sand (prepared and well sifted) After this, let the glue dry! After the glue has dried, you need to remove excess sand - just carefully blow it off). After completing the first stage, we proceed to the second - directly to drawing! Invite the children to use their fingers to draw an autumn tree using a variety of colors on the sandy surface of a leaf.

Sawdust painting technique.

This method is simple and accessible to almost every child. . A drawing is applied to the surface of the product with a pencil (or ready-made coloring books are taken).

Then, one by one, the elements of the design are coated with glue and covered with colored sawdust. The best wood is birch and aspen, the sawdust should be white. If it is not possible to prepare birch or aspen sawdust, then softwood sawdust will do. The harvested sawdust is dried and sifted through a fine sieve. Raw sawdust sifts very poorly. After this, the prepared material is painted over. We use gouache paints. The paints are diluted with water in the required concentration. The amount of water is determined experimentally. The more water, the paler the coloring material will be, therefore, the color saturation of the sawdust itself will change. The prepared sawdust is poured into gauze, tied (not tightly) and filled with coloring solutions (stir thoroughly). For better impregnation, leave the sawdust in the solution for a day (stirring occasionally, then untie the gauze, put it on film and dry it near the radiator. Store the painted and dried sawdust in plastic containers.

Frottage technique

Another interesting technique for creating small masterpieces. The word "frottage" comes from the French frotter - "to rub, rub". As children, we all transferred coins onto paper, placing it under a piece of notebook paper and coloring it on top with a pencil! This, it turns out, is frotage.

The frotage technique consists of placing some kind of relief object under a piece of paper and painting it over with pastels, a couple of minutes - and the DIY craft is ready! The main task is to find a relief that will look interesting on paper. And choose the colors, of course.

Drawing technique - drawing with a rope

For the second year now, I have been using an unconventional technique in my work—drawing with a rope. Children learn to draw not only with pencils and paints, but also with colored strings. First, simple patterns and loops are laid out with rope, and then they move on to more complex objects. Each lesson is accompanied by a fairy tale corresponding to the topic. These classes use: poems, riddles, finger gymnastics, physical education minutes. Children really enjoy these activities, they feel joy and are proud of their work. They develop fine motor skills, prepare their hands for writing, develop their imagination, and strengthen their drawing skills.

Drawing with an eraser

Use a simple pencil to shade the entire sheet. Then we take an eraser, mark the center of the flower and erase the petals with the eraser and so we draw the whole bouquet. When you have finished “drawing” with the eraser, you can paint the yellow center and green leaves of the chamomile with paints.

“We draw with little balls.”

To work, you need to prepare album sheets, HONEY watercolor paints, brush No. 5-6, water and cellophane bags, previously cut lengthwise and crosswise.

The only thing you must never tire of asking your children to do is to work quickly with the brush and not let the paints dry on the paper. If, nevertheless, the paints applied first have had time to dry, help moisten them with water.

Quickly apply watercolor to the sheet. Apply cellophane to the center of the design, moisten your fingertips with water and GENTLE rotating movements create bag wrinkles on the paper. We direct the rotation of the fingers in any direction. The bag sticks to the paper with paint, and water and watercolor collect in the wrinkles. The paper will lighten in these places. Let the paper dry, do not rush to remove the bag. after a while we remove the bag and see what happens. You have a set of sheets with fancy patterns. This is an excellent background for drawings, an exclusive material for applique, for snowflakes, autumn leaves, letters, etc.

Imprint technique

Imprint with leaf prints.

It is very interesting to paint with leaf prints. We cover the leaves with gouache, then place the painted side on a sheet of paper, press and remove, resulting in a neat colored imprint of the plant.

“Scratching” technique

The “scratch” technique is also called “tsap-scratch”!

The drawing is highlighted by scratching with a pen or sharp instrument on paper or cardboard filled with ink (to prevent it from spreading, you need to add a little detergent or shampoo, just a few drops). The word comes from the French gratter - to scrape, scratch, so another name for the technique is scratching technique . We usually take thick paper and shade it with a thick layer of colored wax crayons. You can take colorful cardboard with a ready-made variegated pattern, then you can limit yourself to an ordinary wax candle (not colored). Then, using a wide brush or sponge, apply a layer of mascara to the surface. You can, of course, use gouache, but it gets dirty after drying. You can also use black acrylic paints. When it dries, use a sharp object - a scraper, a knife, a knitting needle, a plastic fork, a toothpick - to scratch the design. A pattern of thin white or colored strokes is formed on a black background.

Children usually really like this kind of drawing. Scratching is an entertaining and unusual technique; a child is captivated by the process of “developing” an engraving on cardboard. Drawings at the beginning of learning can be quite simple: outlines of objects, a cobweb, a balloon, etc. Gradually the tasks can be made more difficult.

The scope for imagination here is simply enormous: for example, you can draw an engraving on cardboard with a plastic fork: whole - waves on the sea, breaking off the "extra" teeth - road, rails, etc. You can think of a use for a fork handle, a disposable plastic knife, and even a spoon!

Option 1.

1) Thick cardboard, sketch with colored wax crayons - you can use one color, you can use multi-colored spots and stripes (in a thick layer). Leaving no white spots.

2) On top, using a wide brush or even a small sponge, cover with a layer of thick (the consistency of sour cream) black gouache (or black mascara + a drop of shampoo - it does not stain your hands when working, or acrylic paint), let it dry.

3) Take a non-writing ballpoint pen (or a sharpened wooden sushi stick, or a toothpick, or even a plastic fork, or another convenient pointed object, or all objects at once) - and when you scratch, clear contrasting multi-colored lines appear. You can draw with lines, strokes - anything: the underwater world, a bright autumn forest, space...

Helpful Tips:

If gouache (ink) rolls off a layer treated with wax pencils (crayons) , then you can degrease the base with talcum powder (sprinkle on top and rub with cotton wool). To prevent gouache from staining your hands when scratching the drawing , you need to add a little PVA glue to it before applying it and stir well. Or, when drawing, place a piece of clean paper under your hand, which rests on the sheet.

Option 2.

1) For the base, you can take colored or white cardboard, or cardboard with a ready-made bright pattern (even the same cardboard cover from colored cardboard will do). Rub the base with a simple wax candle.

2) Second and third steps – see option 1.

Option 3.

1) For the base, you can take white cardboard and paint the background with any colors, and in any way you like. Dry. Next are the second and third steps of option 1.

Drawing with a piece of textile

We take a piece of fabric measuring 10 x 5 cm, crumple it, and make something like a tampon. Dip a fabric swab into gouache paint. You can paint with black gouache on white cardboard. You can also paint on a colored background, for example blue, with white paint, then we will get a “Winter Landscape”.

Painting small stones . Of course, most often the child draws large stone tiles on a plane, on paper, or less often on asphalt. A flat image of a house, trees, cars, animals on paper is not as attractive as creating three-dimensional creations of your own. In this regard, sea pebbles are ideally used. They are smooth, small and have different shapes. The very shape of the pebble will sometimes tell the child what image to create in this case (and sometimes adults will help the kids). It’s better to paint one pebble as a frog, another as a bug, and the third will make a wonderful fungus. Bright, thick paint is applied to the pebble - and the image is ready. It’s better to finish it like this: after the pebble has dried, cover it with colorless varnish. In this case, a voluminous beetle or frog made by children’s hands shines and shimmers brightly. This toy will take part in independent children's games more than once and bring considerable benefit to its owner.

Let's draw with plasticine!

Plasticine painting on glass.

From plasticine you can sculpt not only three-dimensional figures, but also create beautiful creations on a plane. This technique has its own name - drawing with plasticine. This is a very entertaining activity for both toddlers and older children.

So, what did we need to create a plasticine drawing?

1. High-quality plasticine that kneads well and mixes together. The less it sticks to your hands, the better.

2. The basis of the picture: glass, cardboard, wooden frame. (Frame)

3. A board for modeling, a glass of water, napkins for hands, stacks, various improvised devices for creating the desired texture.

We use glass as a base to create a picture using the reverse appliqué technique and be sure to protect the edge of the glass with electrical tape so that children do not get hurt. But it should be noted that this work is done under the close supervision of adults.

Features of the technology:

Drawing (you can put the coloring book in a photo frame instead of a photograph. And let’s start creating) Before you start sculpting, you need to think about the color combination and select the right shades by mixing. We begin to apply the selected color to the desired details of the drawing from the side that the drawing from the frame is looking at). Spread the plasticine evenly with your finger, without going beyond the lines of the sketch. The layer thickness is no more than 2-3 mm.

At the end of the work, carefully wipe the glass from greasy fingerprints and remove the second protective film. Select a suitable sheet of cardboard for the background. We insert the drawing with the reverse side back into the frame.

Drawing technique "Pointillism"

The name of the movement in painting, pointillism, comes from the French word pointiller, which means “to write with dots.” Pointillism is drawing using dots of different colors (dot strokes). And, therefore, this technique is quite within the capabilities of preschool children.

We draw using the pointillism technique, using different visual materials: just our fingers, swabs, cotton swabs, brushes, felt-tip pens, markers.

Painting with salt.

First we draw with a simple pencil. Paint a small area of ​​the drawing with watercolors. Sprinkle with salt. The salt absorbs excess water and sticks to the leaf. Shake off excess salt. We continue to work in the same spirit until the end. The use of salt gives an unusual effect. Try it and you'll see.

Drawing with colored salt.

Salt can be dyed in different colors.

Salt color:

First, dilute the gouache in a container with a small amount of water (the more water, the lighter the color. The less water, the more intense the color). Then pour salt into a plate and pour out the colored water. Gently mix the salt with a fork so that all the salt is colored. You can dry it in the oven, heat the oven to a temperature of 100 degrees and put our molds with salt there for an hour. You can use a microwave oven, place the molds there for 5-10 minutes at maximum temperature. After you take out the salt, you will see that you get dry lumps. Take a plastic bag and pour salt into it. Then roll out the salt on a cutting board until it becomes crumbly. For each color we take a separate jar.

Draw a picture with a simple pencil, then with PVA glue, sprinkle salt on the glue.

Drawing with a toothbrush.

Let me make a reservation right away that not everyone likes this technique. But when drawing some objects, it is simply not replaceable. Therefore, we will also talk about her. When painting with a toothbrush, dipping it, like a brush, into paint, you get a really fluffy Christmas tree, waves on the sea, a shaggy animal. It will be very difficult to achieve such an effect with a brush.

Technique of drawing with oil pastels on velvet paper.

The pencil moves easily on the paper and is shaded with your finger, creating softer shades, and children are simply delighted with this technique! The drawings are bright and cheerful.

Collage.

The concept itself explains the meaning of this method: it combines several of those described above. In general, we ideally think the following is important: it is good when a preschooler is not only familiar with various image techniques, but also does not forget about them, but uses them appropriately, fulfilling a given goal. For example, one of the 5-6 year old children decided to draw summer, and for this he uses a dotted pattern (flowers), and the child will draw the sun with his finger, he will cut out fruits and vegetables from postcards, he will depict the sky and clouds with fabrics, etc. There is no limit to improvement and creativity in visual arts. English teacher-researcher Anna Rogovin recommends using everything that is at hand for drawing exercises: drawing with a rag, a paper napkin (folded many times); draw with dirty water, old tea leaves, coffee grounds, berry juice. It is also useful to color cans and bottles, spools and boxes, etc.

Imprint with crumpled paper. Means of expression: stain, texture, color. Materials: saucer or plastic box containing a stamp pad made of thin foam rubber impregnated with gouache, thick paper of any color and size, crumpled paper. Method of obtaining an image: a child presses crumpled paper onto a stamp pad with paint and makes an impression on the paper. To get a different color, both the saucer and the crumpled paper are changed.

Stained glass technique - glue pictures

The outline of the future design is made with PVA glue from a bottle with a dosed spout. You can first draw a sketch with a simple pencil. Then the boundaries of the contour must dry. After this, the space between the contours is painted with bright colors. Adhesive borders prevent the paint from spreading and mixing.

Stained glass example:

• Using a simple pencil without pressure, divide the sheet with intersecting lines in different directions, always from edge to edge (snowflake design).

• Draw lines from the ends of the resulting snowflake to the middle of each ray to create windows - “pieces of glass.”
• Trace the outline with PVA glue and let dry.
• Paint the space between the adhesive borders with bright colors.

Unconventional drawing techniques as a means of mental correction allow you to overcome feelings of fear. One might say, it allows the little artist to move away from the subject image, express his feelings and emotions in the drawing, give him freedom, and instill confidence in his abilities. Modern research proves that non-traditional image techniques help reduce the arousal of emotionally disinhibited children. At the same time, as a rule, overly active people need ample space to develop their activities. The bottom line is that attention is scattered and extremely unstable. In the process of “playing the artist,” the area of ​​activity narrows and the amplitude of movements decreases. By acquiring appropriate experience in drawing in an unconventional technique, the child thereby overcomes fear. Further creativity will only bring him pleasure, even from working only with a brush and paints.

Non-traditional types of needlework

Nowadays, more and more women and not only are interested in needlework. Nowadays it is very difficult to find a person who does not have his own hobby. Handicrafts, as a rule, mean activities such as embroidery, knitting, beading and the like. However, this list is becoming more extensive every day. And all because new types of needlework are appearing. They do not belong to traditional types, but this does not mean that such types of creativity cannot be interesting. Moreover, in combination with traditional types of handicrafts, they help create more interesting and unusual products.

One of the non-traditional handicraft arts is carving. This type of activity is artistic cutting of vegetables and fruits. It must be said that many of the women were creative in this way when they decorated their salads. However, they didn’t even know that it was called that way. The art of carving came to us from the east.

This type of needlework, called temari, appeared in distant Japan. It involves creating small balls from multi-colored threads. The balls look like a rainbow. Sometimes their patterns imitate a kaleidoscope.

Recently, more and more people have become interested in creating dream catchers. This can also be considered a separate type of non-traditional needlework. In the old days, this was the name for the talisman that came to us from ancient India. According to legend, he must catch all dreams, dividing them into good and bad. A dream catcher is a small circle made from thin willow branches. This circle was woven inside with a cobweb of threads. Light and beautiful feathers were hung from it. In our time, such an object has turned into an amulet. Pendants, earrings, and interior items are made from it.

A very interesting type of encaustic art. This is the name given to paintings painted using molten wax. In another way, this type of creativity is called “drawing with an iron.” It is quite rare. In the old days, entire paintings, canvases and even icons were created in this way. It must be said that the costs of such a hobby are insignificant. All you need is wax crayons, cardboard and an iron.

Pictures created from pieces of denim look very interesting. It may seem strange to many that old jeans are used to create paintings. However, the result exceeds all expectations. The most important thing is to be able to distinguish and combine subtle shades.

Felting or wool felting is also a very popular type of needlework nowadays. In this way you can create different designs on fabric, toys and paintings. This activity is safe, fun and allows you to create interesting, durable products.